<![CDATA[Arabic language learning for beginner learners in Islamic boarding schools faces challenges due to differences in students’ abilities, learning backgrounds, and levels of language mastery. Previous studies have discussed Arabic learning in pesantren contexts, but limited research has explored how adaptive learning principles are implemented through traditional pesantren practices, particularly bandungan and sorogan models, as forms of local wisdom. This study aims to explore adaptive Arabic language learning based on pesantren local wisdom among beginner learners at Nadhrotul Ulum Islamic Boarding School. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews with Arabic language teachers, pesantren leaders, and beginner learners, as well as document analysis. The findings reveal that bandungan and sorogan function as adaptive learning mechanisms. Bandungan enables teachers to identify collective learning needs and adjust explanations, while sorogan provides individualized guidance through direct correction and feedback. The study demonstrates that pesantren local wisdom contributes to adaptive Arabic learning by creating a flexible, contextual, and learner-oriented environment. Theoretically, this research extends the concept of adaptive learning beyond technology-based approaches by showing that traditional pedagogical practices can also embody adaptive principles through teacher responsiveness, individual support, and contextual learning strategies. Practically, the findings provide insights for Arabic language educators in developing culturally relevant learning approaches]]>
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