<![CDATA[Education in the Old Order era (1945-1966) played a strategic role in shaping the identity of the Indonesian nation after independence. Education was positioned not only as a means of transferring knowledge, but also as an instrument of ideologization, national integration, and the legitimization of state power. Unstable political conditions and the strong influence of state ideology meant that the direction of education policy was heavily shaped by the political interests of the government. This study aims to analyze the educational paradigm of the Old Order era by examining its historical background, philosophical and ideological foundations, educational goals, curriculum policies, learning systems, and the role of the state and politics in the administration of education. The research method used is qualitative research with a library research approach. Data were obtained through the analysis of books, policy documents, and scholarly works relevant to the theme of Old Order education. The results show that the Old Order educational paradigm succeeded in instilling the values of nationalism and national unity, but at the same time tended to restrict academic freedom and the development of students’ critical thinking. These findings have important implications for the development of a more democratic and humanistic national education system today.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
