Climate change demands the development of energy-efficient and autonomous weather monitoring systems capable of operating in remote areas. This study designs and implements a weather station based on the ESP32 microcontroller, powered by a standalone solar power system (PLTS), and utilizing LoRa for long-range wireless data transmission. The system integrates several sensors to measure temperature and atmospheric pressure (BMP280), wind speed and direction (anemometer and RS232-TTL wind vane), and rainfall (tipping bucket rain gauge). Sensor data is transmitted periodically to a receiver node, displayed in real time via a Node-RED dashboard, and automatically logged in daily CSV format. The system also includes LED indicators to show operational status. Testing results demonstrate that the system can operate stably for 24 hours without access to electricity or internet, achieving over 90% data transmission success rate with a communication range of up to 2 km. The solar power system reliably meets the energy requirements of the station. These findings indicate that the developed weather station is effective and suitable for deployment as an independent weather monitoring solution, particularly in remote areas lacking conventional communication infrastructure.
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