<![CDATA[Purpose This research investigates the impact of economic and demographic variables, population density, labor force size, and minimum wage on labor force participation in districts and municipalities across East Nusa Tenggara Province. The objective is to provide empirical evidence on how these factors contribute to regional labor market dynamics. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes panel data regression covering 22 regencies/municipalities during 2019–2024. After conducting Chow and Hausman tests, the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) was selected as the most appropriate estimation technique. Furthermore, classical assumption tests were conducted to validate the model’s robustness and reliability. Findings The analysis reveals that population density has no significant effect on labor force participation. In contrast, both labor force size and minimum wage exert a positive and statistically significant effect. Simultaneously, all three variables significantly influence labor force participation, with the model explaining 73.54% of the variation in the dependent variable. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to three explanatory variables and focuses solely on East Nusa Tenggara, thus results may not be generalizable to other provinces with different economic structures. Originality/value By focusing on East Nusa Tenggara, this research provides localized empirical evidence that strengthens understanding of labor market determinants in less developed regions and offers insights for policy design related to employment and wage regulation.]]>
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