<![CDATA[Online transportation activities contribute to the increasing volume of vehicles, particularly GrabCar drivers in Malang City, which has the potential to worsen traffic congestion. Identification results showed that GrabCar drivers experienced drowsiness while driving and work fatigue due to the habit of working at night and for more than eight hours per day, accompanied by limited understanding related to defensive driving. This study aimed to determine the effect of work fatigue and knowledge, as well as differences in sleep quality scores, on defensive driving behavior. This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 87 GrabCar drivers in Malang City selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and reaction time measurements using a digital reaction timer. Data were analyzed using Simple Logistic Regression, Mann-Whitney Test, and Multiple Logistic Regression. The results showed that work fatigue (p = 0.001; OR = 9.679) and knowledge (p = 0.001; OR = 6.253) had an effect on defensive driving behavior. Meanwhile, for sleep quality, there was a difference in the mean sleep quality score between the groups of drivers who exhibited and did not exhibit defensive driving behavior (p = 0.001). In addition, the most influential factor was work fatigue, where drivers with mild fatigue had 81.248 times greater odds of exhibiting defensive driving behavior compared to drivers with severe work fatigue. The conclusion indicates that work fatigue is the dominant factor influencing defensive driving behavior among GrabCar drivers in Malang City, while poor sleep quality is associated with lower implementation of defensive driving behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate working hours and provide adequate rest periods, as well as conduct regular defensive driving training to improve driving safety. Keywords: defensive driving behavior, work fatigue, sleep quality, knowledge, grabcar drivers]]>
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