Hakikat Identitas Manusia Perspektif Buya Hamka dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar dan Relevansinya dengan Kehidupan Modern

Nurul Jamalia Zahra Lubis (Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi)
Febriyeni (Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi)

Hikmah Studies
Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): September 2026

This study examines the concept of human identity from Buya Hamka’s perspective, as presented in Tafsir Al-Azhar, utilizing the thematic (maudhu‘i) method of exegesis. The study is motivated by the limitations of previous research, which tended to discuss specific aspects of the human concept—such as innate nature (fitrah), the purpose of creation, or the potential of the soul—in isolation, thereby failing to provide a comprehensive picture of human identity according to Buya Hamka. Unlike earlier studies, this research offers a novel contribution by integrating the concept of human identity through an analysis of five key Quranic verses—QS. Ar-Rum: 30, QS. Adz-Dzariyat: 56, QS. Al-Baqarah: 30, QS. Asy-Syams: 7–10, and QS. Al-Hasyr: 19—based on Buya Hamka’s interpretations in Tafsir Al-Azhar. A qualitative approach employing library research methods was adopted. Primary data sources consisted of the Quran and Buya Hamka’s Tafsir Al-Azhar, while secondary data included relevant books, journals, and scholarly works. Data analysis followed the stages of thematic exegesis: gathering verses related to the theme of human identity, categorizing them by theme, examining the contextual relationships (munasabah) and content of the verses, analyzing Buya Hamka’s interpretations, and synthesizing the findings to formulate a holistic concept of human identity. The results indicate that, according to Buya Hamka, human identity is constructed upon five core elements: innate divine nature (fitrah), the consciousness of knowing Allah, servitude to Allah, responsibility as a vicegerent (khalifah) on earth, and the purification of the soul through the cultivation of God-consciousness (taqwa). These five elements shape a human identity that encompasses spiritual, moral, and social dimensions. Academically, this study contributes by formulating an integrated concept of human identity based on Buya Hamka’s interpretation of the five key verses, while also demonstrating its relevance as a foundation for addressing identity crises and moral challenges in contemporary society.