Hubungan antara status ekonomi keluarga dan risiko karies gigi anak usia 0-3 tahunRelationship between family economic status and dental caries risk of children aged 0-3-years-old

Yonathan, Heidy Stefanie
Riyanti, Eriska
Sasmita, Inne Suherna

Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran
Vol 30, No 2 (2018): Agustus

Pendahuluan: Status ekonomi keluarga merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menentukan karies gigi anak usia 0-3 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan status ekonomi keluarga dengan risiko karies gigi anak usia 0-3 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analisis korelasional, dengan teknik multi-stage random sampling. Sampel berjumlah 109 anak yang berusia 0-3 tahun di 5 posyandu kota Bandung. Status ekonomi keluarga dan risiko karies gigi diukur dengan skala berdasarkan Nielsen Media Research dan American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s Caries-Risk Assessment Tool. Korelasi kedua variabel dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil: Anak yang berasal dari status ekonomi keluarga rendah memiliki risiko karies gigi yang tinggi. Perhitungan statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan α = 5%, diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi Zhitung = -8,351 dan signifikansi p-value = 0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan status ekonomi keluarga dengan risiko karies gigi usia 0-3 tahun. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Family economic status is an important indicator in determining dental caries risk in children ages 0-3 years. The aim of this study is to analize the correlation between family economic status and dental caries risk in children ages 0-3 years. Methods: This correlational analitic study used multistage random sampling technique. Family economic status and dental caries risk were measured in 109 children ages 0-3 years, which had been registered at 5 posyandu in Bandung city, according to Nielsen Media Research scale and American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s Caries-risk Assessment Tool. The correlation of variables was analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Result: The children with low family economic status have high dental caries risk. Statistic calculation using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with α = 5%, showed coefficient correlation Z = -8.315, with significancy p-value = 0.000. Conclusion: There is a correlation between family economic status and dental caries risk ages 0-3 years.Keywords: Caries-risk assessment, dental caries risk, family economic status.