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Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, 95115
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Kota manado,
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INDONESIA
PHARMACON
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23022493     EISSN : 27214923     DOI : 10.35799
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon is the journal published by Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia (P-ISSN: 2302-2493 E-ISSN: 2721-4923). Pharmacon was established in 2012 and published four times a year. Pharmacon is an open access journal and has been indexed by main indexing Google Scholar, GARUDA, Crossref.
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Articles 19 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2014)" : 19 Documents clear
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMBANG SEPATU (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli Kairupan, Christy Priskila
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4779

Abstract

The prevalence of diarhea in Indonesia is considered high and one cause is Escherichia coli. The aim of this research was to determine anti-bacterial inhibition, effective concentration, and the effect of increasing concentration of ethanol extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis to the growth of E. coli. Extract of H. rosa-sinensis was obtained by masseration using 95% ethanol as solvent. Bacterial growth inhibition employed Kirby-Bauer Method using agar diffusion through wells. Measurement of bacterial inhibition was analysed using one way anova and continued with Least Significantly Difference. Anova showed inhibition by 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80% of extracts. Effective concentrations occured on 20% and 40%. The increasing of extract concentration showed correlation with the increasing of inhibition zone diameters.   Key words : Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf, ethanol extract, inhibition, E. coli
UJI EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM URAT TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus novergicus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI POTASIUM OKSONAT Sinaga, Agnes Filadelfia
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.5455

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extracts of bay leaves (Syzygium poliyanthum(Wight.) Walp) on the uric acids level of white male rats winstar strain (Rattus norvegius L.) induced by potassium oxonate. Extraction was done by maceration using 96% solvent. The subject of this research were 15 white male rats winstar strain who were divided into 3 groups which are positive control group, negative control group and treatment with doses 3.207 gram/weight, 6.413 gram/weight and 12.826 gram/weight. This study was experimental laboratorium research. The data were processed in the form of ANOVA and LSD (Least Significantly Difference) test results to compare the positive control group, negative control group and treatment group. Statistic result analysis showed that significant differences between the negative control group and treatment group, positive control group and the treatment group, but did not show significant differences between positive control group and treatment.   Key words : Bay leaves, Uric acids, Potassium oxonate, Rattus norvegius L.   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diinduksi potasium oksonat. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut 96%. Subjek penelitian berupa tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) berjumlah 15 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis 3,207 g/BB, 6,413 g/BB, dan 12,826 g/BB. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan tikus putih jantan jantan galur wistar sebagai hewan uji. Data diolah berupa hasil uji ANOVA dan LSD (Least Significantly Difference) untuk membandingkan antara kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok kontrol negatif, dan kelompok perlakuan. Hasil analisis statistika menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan perlakuan, kelompok kontrol positif dan perlakuan, tetapi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan kelompok kontrol kontrol positif dan perlakuan.   Kata kunci : Daun Salam, Kadar Asam Urat, Potasium Oksonat, Rattus norvegicus L..  
UJI EFEKTIVITAS INFUSA DAUN NASI (Phyrnium capitatum Willd) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) Tintingon, Riska Christina
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4769

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of daun nasi infusion (Phyrnium capitatum Willd ) in blood sugar level reduction of rats and determine the relationship between the dose of daun nasi infusion (Phyrnium capitatum Willd) and blood sugar level reduction of rats. This study was experimental study with randomized controlled group design, using male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were made hyperglycemia by aloksan 130 mg/bw intravenously. Samples consist of 18 rats which were divided into 6 groups, normal control as a standard of comparison which is not induced by aloksan, positive control (glibenclamide suspension 0.63 mg/bw), negative control (CMC 0.5 %), and treatments group with dose 2.32 g/bw, 4.64 g/bw and 9.28 g/bw  daily for two weeks period. The study result of blood sugar level, was analyzed by one way ANOVA and LSD test to know the significant differences between groups. The result shows that daun nasi infusion have an effect to reduce blood sugar level, but the most effective dose of daun nasi infusion is 9.28 g/bw. Daun nasi infusion with doses 2.32 g/bw and 4.64 g/bw were not have a significant difference with positive control.   Key words : Phyrnium capitatum Willd, hyperglycemia, alloxan, Rattus norvegicus
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL TUNAS PISANG GOROHO (Musa acuminate L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI SUKROSA Beu, Septya Widhafni
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4772

Abstract

The study aimed at finding out the Effectiveness of goroho shoots (Musa acuminafe L.) ethanol extract  on blood sugar decrease of white mile wistar (Ratus norvegicus ) induced with sucrose. Completely randomized design method was used in this experiment. The subject of the experiment were 15 white male Wistar (Rattus novergicus) were divided into 5 (five)  groups of treatment, namely negative control group (CMC 0,5% suspension), the dose 0,63 mg/kgBW positive control group (glibenklamid suspension), the dose 0,05 g/kgBW, 0,11 g/kgBW , and 0,22 g/kgBW of goroho shoots ethanol extract group. Data obtained from examination of the fasting blood sugar were 30 minute after induction with sucrose and at minute 15, 30, 60, 120 after treatment was given. Data were analyzed using spss ver.20. the differences between treatments were analyzed using one way ANOVA. The analysis revealed a significant difference between negative control and treatment, negative control and positive control but did not show a significant difference between treatment groups with the positive control. The increasing dose of goroho shoots ethanol extract show a better result.   Key words : goroho shoots extract, blood sugar level, sucrose.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI FRAKSI BUAH SIRIH HUTAN (Piper cubeba) DENGAN METODE DPPH Budiarso, Leo
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4784

Abstract

This study was intended to determine the antioxidative effects from the fraction of betel (Piper cubeba) fruits. Betel fruits was dried with wind dried method for 3 days, and extracted with maseration method with Ethanol 80%. Furthermore betel fruits extract liquid successively fractioned using petroleum eter, etyl acetate, butanol, ethanol and aquades. The antioxidative effect of the fraction were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total phenolic content were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. The result of this study indicate that the butanol fraction has the highest content of total phenolic followed by etyl acetate, petroleum eter, aquades and ethanol. Total phenolic content of a row is 38.67; 30.30; 28.87; 25.00 and 19.89 mg/kg. Butanol fraction also has the highest antioxidative effect than the other fraction. This research concludes fraction of butanol can act as antioxidant as well, and betel fruits can be a natural antioxidant resources.   Key words : betel fruit, antioxidant, fraction, total phenolic content, DPPH    
UJI EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM URAT TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus novergicus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI POTASIUM OKSONAT Sinaga, Agnes Filadelfia
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.5410

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extracts of bay leaves (Syzygium poliyanthum(Wight.) Walp) on the uric acids level of white male rats winstar strain (Rattus norvegius L.) induced by potassium oxonate. Extraction was done by maceration using 96% solvent. The subject of this research were 15 white male rats winstar strain who were divided into 3 groups which are positive control group, negative control group and treatment with doses 3.207 gram/weight, 6.413 gram/weight and 12.826 gram/weight. This study was experimental laboratorium research. The data were processed in the form of ANOVA and LSD (Least Significantly Difference) test results to compare the positive control group, negative control group and treatment group. Statistic result analysis showed that significant differences between the negative control group and treatment group, positive control group and the treatment group, but did not show significant differences between positive control group and treatment.   Key words : Bay leaves, Uric acids, Potassium oxonate, Rattus norvegius L.   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp) terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diinduksi potasium oksonat. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut 96%. Subjek penelitian berupa tikus putih jantan galur wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) berjumlah 15 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis 3,207 g/BB, 6,413 g/BB, dan 12,826 g/BB. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan tikus putih jantan jantan galur wistar sebagai hewan uji. Data diolah berupa hasil uji ANOVA dan LSD (Least Significantly Difference) untuk membandingkan antara kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok kontrol negatif, dan kelompok perlakuan. Hasil analisis statistika menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan perlakuan, kelompok kontrol positif dan perlakuan, tetapi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan kelompok kontrol kontrol positif dan perlakuan.   Kata kunci : Daun Salam, Kadar Asam Urat, Potasium Oksonat, Rattus norvegicus L..  
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH LABU SIAM (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz ) SEBAGAI DIURETIK PADA TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR (Rattus novergicus) Lumban Gaol, Riris Iriany
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4773

Abstract

The study aimed at finding out the effectiveness of chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) rind ethanol extract  as diuretic and the relationship of  the increases dose of chayote rind ethanol extract. Completely randomized design method was used in this experiment. The subject of the experiment were fifteen white male rats strain Wistar (Rattus novergicus) were divided into five groups of treatment, namely negative control group (CMC 0,5% suspension), positive control group (furosemide suspension), the dose 0,033 g/kg bw of chayote rind ethanol extract group, the dose 0,066 g/kg bw of chayote rind ethanol extract group, and the dose 0,132 g/kg bw of chayote rind ethanol extract group. The test of diuretic effect were conducted by calculate volume of excreted urine during 6 hours treatment. The results show, diuretic activity increases on the giving of chayote rind ethanol extract. Data were analyzed using spss ver.16. the differences between treatments were analyzed using one way ANOVA.  The dose of chayote rind ethanol extract 0,033 g/kg bw was the most optimum diuretic activity. The increasing dose of chayote rind ethanol extract did not show a better result.   Key words : Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz, diuretic effectiveness, Rattus novergicus
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK FENOLIK CORTEX UMBI UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta) DAGING PUTIH DAN DAGING KUNING YANG DIAMBIL DARI KOTA MELONGUANE KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD Gagola, Christami
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4785

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the antioxidant activity of phenolic extracts of cassava tuber cortex white meat and yellow meat. Cortex cassava tubers extracted by methods reflux. After that, extract total phenolic content in the test. Determination of the free radical scavengers activities determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazil). The results of this study indicate that extracts of the cortex of cassava tubers and white flesh and yellow flesh contains total phenolic respectively 48.87 ± 0.057; 56.43 ± 0.174 mg / kg. Activities are free radical scavengers with DPPH showed that cassava tuber cortex extract yellow flesh has a radical antidote activity higher than white flesh extract. The result showed that phenolic extracts of cassava tuber cortex has antioxidant activity.   Key words : antioxidants, cassava tuber cortex, phenolic extract
ANALISIS BORAKS PADA MIE BASAH YANG DIJUAL DI KOTA MANADO Payu, Muzdhalifah
PHARMACON Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.3.2014.4774

Abstract

Borax or the scientific name of sodium tetraborate decahydrate is known as a preservative known to the general public for preserving wood, wood antiseptic and cockroach control. Borax has accumulated harmful effects. In chronic poisoning can cause fever, anorexia, anuria, kidney damage, depression and confusion. The purpose of this study was to identify the compound borax on wet noodles are sold in the city of Manado. Sampling was done by taking 5 samples of wet noodles that are sold in the city of Manado. Identification is done by qualitative test flame test methods and turmeric paper and quantitative test methods UV-Vis spectrophotometry at λ 553 nm. The results showed that the samples contained levels with borax, sample 1 == 264 g / mg, the second highest is 5 samples = 245.5 g / mg, is the third highest sample 2 = 243.5 g / mg, which is the fourth sample 4 = 206 g / mg and the fifth is a sample level 3 = 136 g / mg.   Key words : Borax, Wet Noodles, Qualitative, Manado

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