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Emerging Science Journal

ESJ
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Published by Ital Publication

ISSN : 26109182 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Social,

Environmental Science

Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June" : 7 Documents clear

2D-QSPR Study of Olfactive Thresholds for Pyrazine Derivatives Using DFT and Statistical Methods Assia Belhassan; Samir Chtita; Tahar Lakhlifi; Mohammed Bouachrine
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

In this study, we have established two-dimensional quantitative structure propriety relationships (2D-QSPR) model, for a group of 78 molecules based on pyrazine, these molecules were subjected to a 2D-QSPR analyze for their odors thresholds propriety using stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The 35 parameters are calculated for the 78 studied compounds using the Gaussian 09W, ChemOffice and ChemSketch softwares. Quantum chemical calculations are used to calculate electronic and quantum chemical descriptors, using the density functional theory (B3LYP/6-31G (d) DFT) methods.The model was used to predict the odors thresholds propriety of the test and training set compounds, and the statistical results exhibited high internal and external consistency as demonstrated by the validation methods.

Investigation of Carmine Dye Removal by Green Chitin Nanowhiskers Adsorbent Seyyed Salar Meshkat; Mojtaba Nasiri Nezhad; Mohammad Reza Bazmi
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

A green adsorbent was evaluated to remove the carmine dye. Chitin nanowhiskers were synthesized via acid hydrolyzed method. The diameter of the synthesized chitin whiskers was about 20 nm and had 200 to 400 nm length. The morphology and chemical structure of the synthesized adsorbent were investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The adsorption process parameters of the carmine dye removal were optimized as follow: adsorption time (3 h), initial carmine dye solution concentration (100 ppm), mass loaded of the chitin whiskers suspension 1% weight of chitin nanowhiskers, as an adsorbent (1.4 g). The removal efficiency of the carmine dye adsorption was about 85% which is modified 15% better than the previous researches. The results indicated that carmine dye molecules were absorbed by hydrogen bonding mechanism due to the N-H bond in the chitin nanowhiskers structure.

Efficiencies of Horizontal and Vertical Baffle Mixers Jude Iloabuchi Obianyo; J. C. Agunwamba
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Efficiencies of sedimentation tanks with horizontal and vertical baffle mixers were studied, compared, and also to determine the optima values of factors of clarification in the sedimentation tanks. These are the discharge, basin baffle spacing and dosing factors, thereby comprises three factors at five levels for a 5k factorial design model. 2.0 mg/l of clay solution was introduced into the basin at discharge rates of 48.75 ml/s, 55.07 ml/s, 60.34 ml/s, 62.45 ml/s and 63.27 ml/s respectively. Alum solution was introduced as coagulant at the inlet of the basin, samples were collected both from the basin and the outlet and concentrations of flocs were measured. Plots of variation of total outlet and average outlet floc with dosing rates for horizontal and vertical mixers show that vertical mixers are better only at discharge of 48.75 ml/s, but horizontal mixers are better at 55.05 ml/s, 60.34 ml/s, 62.45 ml/s and 63.27 ml/s. Variation of grand total floc with dosing rates is also in favour of horizontal mixers. Plots of outlet floc against dosing rates at 48.75 ml/s discharge show that horizontal mixer spaced at 100 mm is better with maximum sediment/floc of 333 10-4 g at a dosing rate of 0.55 ml/s, at 55.07 ml/s discharge vertical mixer is better with 250 mm spacing giving maximum sediment of 985 10-4 g at a dosing rate of 0.95 ml/s. For 60.34 ml/s discharge, horizontal mixer is better at 250 mm spacing with maximum sediment of 307 10-4 g at 0.75 ml/s dosing rate. In the case of 62.45 ml/s discharge, horizontal mixer at a spacing of 300 mm is better with a maximum deposit of 335 10-4 g at a dosing rate of 0.95 ml/s, and for discharge of 63.27 ml/s, horizontal mixer is better at 150 mm spacing having a maximum sediment of 715 10-4 g for a dosing rate of 0.35 ml/s. Response surface methodology (RSM) presented by Montgomery, 2008 was further used for the analysis of data in this study for more reliable inference because it optimized the responses of these three variables. It was observed that for the vertically placed baffles, the stationary points of response surface for discharge rate, baffle spacing and dosing rate are 80.56762847 ml/s, 100.00000 mm and 0.04965779 ml/s, while for horizontally placed baffles, it was 70.636018 ml/s, 332.864704 mm and 1.402526 ml/s, however, these results indicate that horizontally placed baffle mixers are better than vertically placed baffle mixers.

Zebrafish as a Model Organism to Study Nanomaterial Toxicity Jaison Jeevanandam; Yen San Chan; Michael Kobina Danquah
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Recent developments in nanotechnology has increased the market value of nanoproducts in various industries. This has increased concerns associated with potential toxicity of nanoproducts to humans and the environments. Even though, green and biosynthesized nanoparticles are considered to be less toxic than chemically synthesized nanoparticles, they still possess some level of toxicity. Conventional toxicity assessments via human cells, live animals such as rat, frog or rabbit have several drawbacks including ethical issue and challenges involving the maintenance and development of cell cultures. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a transparent vertebrate fish that can reproduce rapidly. Its larvae develop in 5 days up to 3-5 cm long. It also possesses about 69% similar genetic profile, molecular mechanism, cell development and organ physiology as humans. Hence, it has the potential to be utilized as an alternative to humans or live animal models for initial drug screening and toxicity tests. European Union, USFDA and ICH have approved the use of zebrafish for toxicological evaluation of pharmaceutical products including nanomedicines. The article presents for the potential of zebrafish in preclinical evaluation of the toxicity of nanomaterials. It also discusses other potential applications, including medical imaging and environmental toxicity.

Position Control of a Flexible Joint via Explicit Model Predictive Control: An Experimental Implementation Massoud Hemmasian Ettefagh; Mahyar Naraghi; Farzad Towhidkhah
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

This paper experimentally controls a flexible joint via explicit model predictive control (Explicit MPC) method. The scheme divides the state space into different partitions, then solves the associated multi parametric optimization in off-line computations. The result stores in a look-up table to be used in on-line algorithm. First, the state space equations of the flexible joint are derived and linearized around the working point. Then, in order to meet the plant’s specifications, desired performance and the limitation of processor/memory, the constraints, weights, sampling time and prediction horizon are determined for the system. Finally, the algorithm is applied on the experimental plant. Numerous simulations, the result of the experiment and comparison with other methods confirmed that the method was able to control the vibrations of the constrained flexible joint.

Developing an Integrated Genomic Profile for Cancer Patients with the Use of NGS Data Kosvyra, Alexandra; Maramis, C.; Chouvarda, I.
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies has revolutionized genomics data research by facilitating high-throughput sequencing of genetic material that comes from different sources, such as Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and RNA Sequencing (RNAseq). The exploitation and integration of this wealth of heterogeneous sequencing data remains a major challenge. There is a clear need for approaches that attempt to process and combine the aforementioned sources in order to create an integrated profile of a patient that will allow us to build the complete picture of a disease. This work introduces such an integrated profile using Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) as the exemplary cancer type. The approach described in this paper links the various NGS sources with the patientsâ€™ clinical data. The resulting profile efficiently summarizes the large-scale datasets, links the results with the clinical profile of the patient and correlates indicators arising from different data types. With the use of state-of-the-art machine learning techniques and the association of the clinical information with these indicators, which served as the feature pool for the classification, it has been possible to build efficient predictive models. To ensure reproducibility of the results, open data were exclusively used in the classification assessment. The final goal is to design a complete genomic profile of a cancer patient. The profile includes summarization and visualization of the results of WES and RNAseq analysis (specific variants and significantly expressed genes, respectively) and the clinical profile, integration/comparison of these results and a prediction regarding the disease trajectory. Concluding, this work has managed to produce a comprehensive clinico-genetic profile of a patient by successfully integrating heterogeneous data sources. The proposed profile can contribute to the medical research providing new possibilities in personalized medicine and prognostic views.

Impact of Macro Specific Factor and Bank Specific Factor on Bank Liquidity using FMOLS Approach Mahmood, Hamid; Khalid, Samia; Waheed, Abdul; Arif, Muhammad
Emerging Science Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2019): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

By applying the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), this study examines the impact of bank-specific factor and macro-specific factors on bank liquidity, for the period of 2000 to 2017. The bank specific factors include bank crises, bank size, total deposit, and profitability. While it considers a macro-specific factors GDP, inflation, monetary policy and unemployment. Findings reveal that based on time series data, we suggest that bank-specific and macro-specific factor significantly effect on bank liquidity. Empirical results reported that at 5 percent level of significance total deposit, GDP, bank size and unemployment have a negative impact on liquidity of the bank. While monetary policy, bank crisis and profitability have a positive impact on liquidity. Inflation has an insignificant relation with liquidity. The study reported new facts for increase more clear understanding of liquidity in a developing country like Pakistan.

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