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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
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Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)" : 16 Documents clear
Effectiveness and usage of written and verbal counselling information on anxiety in MRI at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai Kannapan, Harish; Subhashini; Lakshmi, Abhishri
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.16.21

Abstract

Background: Many people have considerable anxiety when having magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fear during an MRI causes the process to drag on longer and the quality of the images to decline, which increases expenses and requires labor loss. Objective: This study sought to determine how vocal and written information affected patients' anxiety during MRI procedures. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study with 300 participants was conducted. The investigation occurred in March and April of 2022 at the tertiary care hospital's radiology department. Three participant groups were formed: group 1 received textual material, group 2 served as the control group, and so on; and group 3 learned about counseling. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a measure of anxiety levels, was used to determine the people's traits and state of anxiety. Results: The three groups' trait anxiety scores did not significantly differ (p = 0.20) from each other's demographic features. Statistically speaking, group 3's state anxiety levels were lower than those of group 2 and the control group. Group 2's state anxiety levels were statistically lower (p<0.001) than those of the control group. Conclusion:Verbal and written information can help to lessen MRI anxiety. Written information may not be as good at lowering MRI anxiety as verbal information.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Materiovigilance among physicians in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry- a cross sectional study M, Sakthibalan; Adhimoolam, Mangaiarkkarasi; C, Indumathi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.10.15

Abstract

Background: In India, medical devices are considered as drugs. A medical device may lead to problems either due to a defect during manufacture or transport, improper handling by health care professionals or patients, or failure to comply with recommendations. Aim & Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Materiovigilance among health professionals at the Tertiary Care Hospital. Methods:  This was a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Based study. The questionnaires were circulated among 100 medical professionals. The structured survey tool comprised of two parts. The first part contains demographic data, and the second part consists of 15 questions, with 5 each pertaining to the awareness, attitude, and practice domains. All the data were entered into a Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using GraphPad Instat software version 5.0. Results:  Medical professionals with above-average knowledge scores were 57 %, and the practice percentage of Materiovigilance was 60%, but there is a positive attitude (72%) towards Materiovigilance.  A significant difference was noted Between the knowledge scores of professors and residents (p-value - 0.0491). There was no significant difference in knowledge scores between medical, surgical, and pre/para specialties. However, there was a positive correlation between the knowledge and attitude scores of the medical professionals. Conclusion: We conclude that the Knowledge aspect and also the practice of Materiovigilance among Physicians in our tertiary care hospital is lacking. However, their positive attitude to reporting adverse events is reassuring.
Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive microspheres of metronidazole Chechare, Dheeraj D.; Siddaiah, M.
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.93.99

Abstract

Objective: Develop and evaluate mucoadhesive microspheres using Chitosan, Sodium alginate, and Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) for sustained oral delivery of Metronidazole, aiming to improve bioavailability. Methods: Metronidazole-loaded microspheres were prepared via ionotropic gelation method with varying polymer ratios. Particle size, entrapment efficiency, swelling index, mucoadhesion (sheep mucosae), morphology (SEM), in-vitro wash-off test, drug release profile, and stability (6 months) were evaluated. Results: Chitosan content positively correlated with microsphere size. Entrapment efficiency ranged from 51.43% to 94.15%. Chitosan-based formulations, especially MTZ-7 (Chitosan:NaCMC, 3:1), displayed the highest mucoadhesion. SEM analysis revealed rough, spherical microspheres with a continuous polymeric coat. In-vitro wash-off test demonstrated prolonged residence time for Chitosan formulations. Sustained drug release was observed throughout the study, with MTZ-7 exhibiting the most desirable release profile. Stability studies showed no significant changes in drug release for selected formulations after 6 months. Conclusions: Chitosan-based microspheres, particularly MTZ-7, demonstrated superior mucoadhesive properties, sustained and controlled drug release, and desirable stability. These findings suggest the potential of Chitosan-based microspheres as a promising oral drug delivery system for Metronidazole, potentially addressing bioavailability concerns and improving therapeutic efficacy.
Innovative approach for improved sustained delivery of metformin hydrochloride for its anti-hyperglycemic activity Pillai, M Kar; Pillai, S; Jain, S
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.1.9

Abstract

Metformin hydrochloride, an antidiabetic agent, is useful in reducing the blood glucose concentration in Type II diabetes. It is also finding its use as a repurposed drug. The formulations consisted of micro drug delivery systems prepared by emulsification method and were evaluated in-vitro and in-vivo. Process variables like amount of polymer, speed of agitation and stirring, presence or absence of surfactant and cross linker offered a versatile approach towards obtaining the formulation though affected physicochemical properties of formulations. Discrete, spherical, and free-flowing microspheres, in the size range and granularity of 250 to 700µ were used to control the drug release rate. Drug release was diffusion controlled as evident from the Higuchi kinetics. The physical characteristics of the formulations were reproducible. Healthy and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic male albino mice were used for in-vivo experimentation by evaluating plasma glucose level reduction and % reduction in the blood glucose level after administration of pure drug and formulations. The results indicate significant sustained fall in the blood glucose level for about 10 hrs following formulation administration as compared to the pure drug.
Evaluation of the post-coital anti-fertility activity of Michelia champaca linn. aerial extract in female Wistar rat Devi, Seema; Mohan, Chander
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.52.58

Abstract

Background: The plant M. champaca L., commonly known as Champa, has traditionally been utilized for its medicinal properties, particularly in women's health, for managing sterility and birth control. Previous literature primarily focuses on the anti-fertility activity of leaf extracts, while limited research has explored the potential of other aerial parts, such as the bark and flowers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the female anti-fertility actions of various aerial parts (including leaves, branches, bark, and flowers) of the M. champaca plant, expanding our understanding beyond the previously studied leaf extracts. Material and Method: The petroleum ether (PEAEMC), ethyl alcohol (EAEMC), and chloroform water (AAEMC) extracts of aerial parts of M. champaca at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg were administered to female Wistar rats by using an experimental model, i.e., anti-implantation and estrogenic/Anti-estrogenic activity. Result: All three extracts showed significant anti-implantation activity (p<0.01). Among all, only EAEMC Showed activity corresponding to the standard. EAEME caused an increase in the vaginal opening size and increased height and width of the endometrium in immature ovariectomized female rats; it showed an estrogen-like action when given alone, however when given along with Ethinylestradiol, it showed anti-estrogenic action. Conclusion: It was observed that EAEMC (the Ethyl alcohol extract of M. champaca) showed dose dependent anti-fertility activity. The chemical constituents like steroids, alkaloids, and flavonoids identified from the photochemical screening may be responsible for the anti-fertility activity of the aerial parts of M. champaca L.
A cross-sectional study to assess the barriers to teleconsultations among doctors in Chennai Nagarathinam, Supraja; Umadevi, R.; Grace G, Angeline; Saravanan, Raghul
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.29.34

Abstract

Background: A doctor's communication and interpersonal skills encompass gathering information to facilitate accurate diagnosis, counsel appropriately, give therapeutic instructions, and establish caring relationships with patients. While face-to-face consultations have been the norm, tele-consultations and enrolment in telemedicine apps have become necessary. Tele-consultations have been on the rise significantly during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study aims to assess the barriers to tele-consultations among doctors in Chennai. Methodology: This study uses a cross-sectional design to assess the barriers to tele-consultations among doctors in Chennai using a convenience sampling technique. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Results: 81.6% of the participants feel that teleconsultations have reduced face-to-face consultations. Only about 6% of the study participants preferred teleconsultation in the future. About a third of the doctors in the study could not treat/manage chronically ill patients through teleconsultations. About 70% of the doctors could follow up with their patients through telecommunication, but 70% failed to follow up. Conclusion: From this study, we conclude that only about 6% of the study participants would prefer teleconsultation in the future. Treating medical emergencies and assessment of surgical patients were considered as top 2 important barriers in this study with about half of them facing this barrier during their telecommunication.
Prevalence and awareness of text neck syndrome and text thumb syndrome in young adult population B, Senthil Kumar; Khaleeluddin, Kouser Banu; Jayakumar, Saikarthick; K, Ezhil Vendhan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.22.28

Abstract

Background: The term "text neck" can be defined as repetitive strain injury and pain due to excessive viewing and texting on a smartphone for a prolonged duration. Long-term untreated text neck results in inflammation of ligaments and muscles, which can lead to permanent arthritic changes. Many smart phone users experience thumb/wrist pain, but some people who develop pain are smart phone addicts. The present study checks the prevalence and awareness of text neck and thumb text syndrome in young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 volunteers between 18-25 years age who have been using mobile phone in the last 5 years. A structured questionnaire was created, validated, and used for the study. Descriptive statistics was used to assess responses received from participants. The prevalence of text neck syndrome and thumb text syndrome has been established. Results: About 50.3% of the participants were unaware of text neck syndrome and 57.1% of text thumb syndrome. Maximum mobile phone usage included texting and calls. About 45.2% of the participants use their right thumb and index finger to text. 33% of people have a head forward posture when using mobile phones. An analysis of pain, discomfort, and duration during mobile phone use was done and will be presented at a forum. Conclusion: The prevalence of text neck and thumb text syndrome in the young adult population indicates the need to plan future pain management strategies and increase user awareness
Comparative study of bone mineral density, phenotypes of emphysema in patients with or without established diagnosis of chronic airway disease Reddy, M Chandra Sekhar; Sushmita, G Laxmi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.65.70

Abstract

Background: Bone thinning and emphysema are established diseases caused by tobacco-related products proven beyond doubt. A paucity of literature available to establish the association between them. Objectives: To explore the association between the different emphysema subtypes and the presence of low bone mineral density among a population of active or former smokers with and without an established diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 100 active and former smokers with chronic airway disease attending the Pulmonology Outpatient Department were identified, and they were administered clinical questionnaires, pulmonary function tests, chest computed tomography, and DEXA scans. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to analyze the association between the different emphysema subtypes, low bone mineral density, and smoking in the study participants. Results: Out of 100 samples, 80 % of the patients had low BMD (25 had osteoporosis, and 55 had osteopenia). Emphysema was more frequent and severe in patients with osteoporosis (63.2 vs. 36.8%, p=<0.01). For analyzing significant co-factors, a multivariable analysis was done, which yielded Body Mass Index (Odds ratio of 0.89 with a 95% Confidence Interval of 0.67–1.23) and the presence of centrilobular emphysema as most commonly associated with osteoporosis. (Odds ratio of 35.25, with a 95% confidence interval of 3.23 to 401.63). Conclusion: Patients having increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and the presence of centrilobular emphysema are having osteoporosis irrespective of their smoking status, which implicates BMI, and centrilobular emphysema has to be considered while evaluating COPD patients.
Retrospective comparative evaluation of airway management with different techniques of fiberoptic intubation in patients undergoing surgery for temporomandibular joint ankylosis Kumar Saini, Varun; Saini, Priyanka; Soni, Priyanka; Khandelwal, Manish
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.25.41

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular fusion has devastating effects on the growth and development of an individual's jaws. Thus, surgical modality is seen as a last resort to its correction. Surgical management of temporomandibular ankylosis cases presents significant challenges to an anesthetist in maintaining airway patency. Thus, this retrospective study evaluated the techniques for combating airway management challenges, emphasizing developing an institutional protocol that effectively minimizes errors. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the RUHS College of Dental Sciences and attached to the RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, for a period of three years. The records of 94 patients who had undergone surgical correction of TMJ ankylosis and were intubated with fiberoptic intubation were compiled. The cases were divided into groups, Group General anesthesia (GA) and Group Regional anesthesia (RA), and analyzed for demographics, successful intubation, and complications. Results: In Group GA, 98 % of cases were successfully intubated. Patient movements were 0 in Group GA and 25% in Group RA. Coughing was present in 1.61% of cases of group GA and 98.38% of Group RA. Epistaxis occurred in 35% of cases, and 29% of cases suffered from sore throat after extubation in Group GA. Conclusion: The anesthetist dilemma of intubating awake or anesthetized always exists. However, a careful preoperative evaluation and assessment of the patient for mask ventilation helps in the successful anesthetic management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis cases. For the anticipated difficult airway awake, fiberoptic intubation is still the ‘gold standard’ technique.
Assessment of psychosocial morbidity among medical interns during COVID-19 pandemic in Chennai district, Tamil Nadu – a cross-sectional study Surya, B. N.; Radhakrishnan, Akshaya; Vijayalakshmi S; Narayanan, A. Hari; Kumar, S. Madhush; Venkatesh, B. N.; Syed, Rehana
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.1.108.115

Abstract

Background: Medical interns develop apprehensions about the vulnerability of their exposure to infection while treating COVID-19 patients, which may further affect their work patterns and efficiency. Studies have shown that the outbreak of infectious diseases would result in mental health issues. Because of this, our study aims to assess psychosocial factors such as anxiety, depression, stress, relationships with peers, and changes in personal roles among medical interns at a private medical college. Methodology: This cross-sectional was conducted among 248 medical interns using a simple random sampling method. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using a standardized 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress questionnaire (DASS– 21). A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to acquire information regarding the study participants' socio-demographic data and social elements. Results: The overall prevalence of Depression [58%], Anxiety [70%], and Stress [44%] were found among the 248 study participants. Around [70.6%] of the study participants reported that their social life had been affected. The prevalence of various factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed. Conclusion: This study reports higher levels of psychosocial distress among the study participants. Adequate knowledge about the pandemic and stress management measures will be the top priority among these budding medicos during such unfavorable pandemic situations.

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