Journal of Islamic Architecture
Journal of Islamic Architecture (JIA) is a scientific publication for widespread research and criticism topics in Islamic architecture studies. JIA is published twice a year in June and December since June 2010 by International Center for Islamic Architecture from the Sunnah (CIAS), Department of Architecture Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia. One volume of JIA is published in two-year calendar.
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<![CDATA[Sustainability Investigation of the Old Mustansiriya Madrasa in Modern Construction: A Comparative Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Jabbar, Adil Mahdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Al-Shammari, Rabee Jameel]]>;
<![CDATA[Senah, Husam Sachit]]>;
<![CDATA[Altameemi, Ayam Sh.]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.26491
<![CDATA[This paper explores the sustainable concepts performed in the Old Mustansiriya Madrasa constructed in Baghdad during the Abbasid era in the thirteenth century AD. The principles and main techniques of sustainability used for modern buildings were compared with the design concepts implemented in the Old Madrasa to extract the most significant concepts that could be applied in designing modern school buildings. The findings showed that the Mustansiriya Madrasa was a distinctive example of Islamic architecture, which included sustainable features. It contained sustainability concepts derived from Islamic teachings and the Holy Quran. The design concept depended on a rectangular shape with a central hollow courtyard for improving natural ventilation and lighting. The Madrasa location was chosen on the Tigris River bank, and landscaping inside and near the building provided natural cooling, air circulation, and filtering. Thick brick walls provided thermal mass techniques to benefit solar energy. Skylights in the narrow halls and corridors provided a distinct energy system. Also, its construction depended on materials that did not affect the environment and were highly durable. Therefore, sustainability concepts were applied 792 years ago in Islamic architecture. Nowadays, designers could learn more from those architectures and their construction methods to reduce the negative impact of recent construction strategies on the environment and human life. Sustainability concepts from the past can be adapted to modern designs. It sounds like a modern school design implementation of these principles was successful.]]>
<![CDATA[Observations Regarding the Lime Stucco Ornaments of the Safavid and Qajar Baths in Iran's Kurdistan Province ]]>
<![CDATA[Derakhshesh, Tayebeh Hosseinpour]]>;
<![CDATA[Shiran, Habib Shahbazi]]>;
<![CDATA[Zarei, Mohamad Ebrahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Hajizadeh, Karim]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.26745
<![CDATA[In addition to furnishing insights into their aesthetic aspects, inquiry into the architectural ornaments of public buildings reveals the interests of their commissioners and the public. Lime stuccowork assumed a central place among the architectural ornaments of bathhouses due to lime’s workability and its use as a major resilient building material in such hot and humid atmospheres. The present study seeks to investigate and analyze the lime stucco ornaments at bathhouses of Kurdistan Province in the timeframe spanning the Safavid to the end of the Qajar period. This descriptive, historical-comparative research builds on both field and library research to explore the lime stuccoworks at the bathhouses of the province. Research questions tackled here include: (1) What were the themes of the main lime stucco ornaments, and what role did the local rulers play in their creation? (2) Where did these decorative elements take inspiration from? The results of the research show that the employed decorative patterns consist of geometric, Islimi, vegetal, flower, vase, and animal and bird ornaments. These decorative elements drew inspiration from nature, ancient beliefs, and archaism. In fact, local rulers and commissioners were responsible for the flourishing and spread of this art. Due to their influence in the coeval political and administrative institutions, they managed to hire skilled craftsmen from the capital or regions abroad to construct such constructions that, beside invoking those popularly used in the region, benefited from a series of indigenous ornamental patterns.]]>
<![CDATA[Mosque for All, Socio-Spatial Inclusion in Mosque Architecture: The Case of Türkiye ]]>
<![CDATA[Gün, Ahmet]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.27138
<![CDATA[Today, the design and management of the mosque are subject to criticism in many ways, like not being responsive to the needs of different user groups and causing socio-spatial justice problems between genders and generations. This study examines the extent to which mosques provide socio-spatial inclusion by analyzing problems experienced in mosques, user satisfaction, and user perceptions of the socio-spatial inclusiveness of mosques. Methodologically, an online survey was conducted with 521 participants living in Türkiye. In addition, a workshop will be held with 17 participants who are currently involved in research on mosque design to develop proposals at a strategic level to address the identified issues. This study reveals that there are critical socio-spatial problems faced by users in mosques: (1) problems of representation inequality in decision-making about the design and management of mosques (the gaps of representation equality), (2) limited responsiveness to users' spatial expectations due to the neglect of the needs of important stakeholders such as women, children and youth in society (3). Only a very limited group of users (18.4%) are satisfied with the spatial experience in mosques. Additionally, almost one-third of the respondents (30.1%) perceive mosques as 'middle-aged or elderly male-dedicated spaces,' with this perception being more prevalent among women and young people. At the end of the study, we discuss the socio-spatial dimensions that will form the basis for a “Mosque for All”.]]>
<![CDATA[Unveiling Historical, Religious, And Philosophical Values of the Indonesia’s Panjunan Red Mosque Via Architectural and Visual Narrative ]]>
<![CDATA[Kartika, Nyai]]>;
<![CDATA[Dienaputra, Reiza D]]>;
<![CDATA[Machdalena, Susi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugraha, Awaludin]]>;
<![CDATA[Suryadimulya, Agus Suherman]]>;
<![CDATA[Yuliawati, Susi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sriwardani, Nani]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.25686
<![CDATA[This historical research examines the messages conveyed through the architectural art of an ancient mosque, the Cirebon Panjunan Red Mosque, which was built by Arab descendants living in Java in 1480 AD. In Indonesia, the acculturation between Islamic culture and traditional values resulted in the uniqueness of mosques' architectural buildings and ornaments. In addition to being a place of worship, mosques became an art form rich in symbols, representing historical, religious, and philosophical values. This qualitative research with historical methods seeks to investigate the visual narrative in the ancient mosque by implementing a series of historical research stages, including heuristics, criticism, and data interpretation. As pictures convey a narrative as well as words, visual narrative can be used to discover the values of the past. The results of the research have unveiled messages of history and culture regarding Islam's development during the Cirebon sultanate. In addition, the history of the Panjunan Red Mosque was described. Hopefully, this research can contribute to new knowledge on the past Islamic development in Indonesia and the wisdom of peaceful acculturation.]]>
<![CDATA[ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE FRAMEWORK: MENTIFACT, SOCIOFACT AND ARTEFACT ]]>
<![CDATA[Nazaruddin, Farid]]>;
<![CDATA[Firmansyah, Aldrin Yusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Samudro, Harida]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawaty, Prima]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.23861
<![CDATA[This paper aims to rectify the prevailing perspective within architectural studies, which often focuses solely on the physical aspects of architecture, neglecting a profound analysis of its spiritual dimension. Islamic Architecture, as a significant cultural contribution of Islam to the world, transcends mere stylistic choices. It serves as an embodiment of Muslim values within the built environment, bridging spirituality with physicality. This paper delves into the fundamental principles of Islamic Architecture, drawing from classical Islamic sources and contemporary writings. The literature review categorizes the sources into three groups: mentalfact, sociofact, and artefact. The study reveals a profound philosophical foundation for Islamic Architecture, directly rooted in the teachings of the Al-Quran and Al-Hadith. Notably, Islamic Architecture places a strong emphasis on its social impact. Furthermore, these foundational principles evolve to create architectural beauty that holds distinct uniqueness and a sense of identity rooted in Islamic values.]]>
<![CDATA[Sustainability in Historical Islamic Architecture: Lessons from Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque’s Construction Techniques ]]>
<![CDATA[Naghipour, Peyman]]>;
<![CDATA[Naghipour, Afshin]]>;
<![CDATA[Shirdel, Amir Hossein]]>;
<![CDATA[Behzadi, Sara Zanganeh]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahaei, Omid]]>;
<![CDATA[Salamati, Samaneh]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.29053
<![CDATA[This research examines the construction techniques and principles of sustainability in the architecture of Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque, one of the most prominent examples of Islamic architecture. The main goal is to identify the sustainability elements of this mosque, emphasizing the use of local materials and traditional methods so that it can be presented as a model for contemporary architecture. The research deals with environmental challenges and the need to design sustainable buildings in today's world, which is faced with a decrease in natural resources and an increase in demand. In this regard, the research questions are: 1- What construction and architectural techniques have been used in the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque that have contributed to its stability and durability over time? 2- How can the sustainability techniques in the architecture of Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque be used as a model for the design of contemporary buildings? The method of this research is considered interpretative-historical. Its content has been prepared and adjusted using descriptive-analytical and library-documentary studies as well as field studies. The findings show that the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque has achieved stability and durability by using architectural techniques in accordance with climatic conditions. The conclusion emphasizes that the principles of Islamic architecture, especially the use of local materials and environmentally friendly methods, can inspire contemporary architecture. The implications of this research include providing practical models for today's architects who seek to design sustainable and environmentally friendly buildings. The key contribution of this research is in reviving traditional techniques and matching them with new technologies. The novelty and originality of this research is that, for the first time, it has carefully examined Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque from the perspective of sustainability and links these concepts to contemporary architecture, which can be influential in the design of future buildings.]]>
<![CDATA[Integrating Vernacular Architectural Elements Into Contemporary Omani Residential Design: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Modern Façades ]]>
<![CDATA[Shahbazzadeh, Afsaneh]]>;
<![CDATA[Sameh, Reza]]>;
<![CDATA[Benkari, Naima]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.26361
<![CDATA[This research explores the ways of integrating traditional Omani vernacular architectural elements into contemporary façade designs. It examines how these patterns are reinterpreted to create a consistent architectural language that imbibes local heritage patterns while meeting modern needs. The study investigates the structural, cultural, and formal characteristics of Omani façades through a qualitative analysis of the façades’ components in residential buildings. To identify common patterns and design rules in contemporary Omani architecture, a comparative approach was employed to analyze 24 residential buildings in Mirbat and Mutrah. The results show that vernacular elements are continuously reinterpreted in modern design, revealing that these patterns not only maintain cultural identity but also enhance the practicality of contemporary architecture. Finally, the investigation proposes a guideline for incorporating heritage elements within current design agendas, catalyzing further dialogue on architectural identity in the Islamic world.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessing Social Sustainability in Mosque as Religious Building, Case Study: Al-Lathiif Mosque, Bandung-West Java, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Indrarani, Indri Astrina Fitria]]>;
<![CDATA[Sari, Shaufa Salsabila]]>;
<![CDATA[Lukman, Aldyfra Luhulima]]>;
<![CDATA[Sahid, Sahid]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.26570
<![CDATA[A mosque is a place of worship for Muslims that emphasizes the concept of Rahmatan Lil Alamin, meaning to bring blessings to all people. Based on this statement, a mosque serves as a safe and comfortable space for performing ritual prayers and as a venue for accommodating social activities for its congregants. The function of mosques evolves, especially during the month of Ramadan. It becomes more active and serves various purposes beyond prayers, including religious, political, economic, educational, commercial, social, and cultural activities. All of these activities aim to foster social interaction among Muslim communities. This research aims to uncover the behavior and movements of worshippers during both Salat ritual and non-Salat activities within mosque spaces. The study focuses on Al-Lathiif Mosque in Bandung, known for its vibrant young community, which engages in diverse and active activities. The steps taken to achieve the research objectives are as follows: (1) Identifying the indicators to reveal social sustainability through literature studies; (2) Mapping the behavior of congregants and the utilization of mosque spaces during Salat activities; (3) Mapping the behavior of congregants and the utilization of mosque spaces during non-Salat activities; (4) Distributing questionnaires related to social sustainability indicators regarding space utilization in the mosque; (4) Concluding the application of social sustainability concepts in mosque spaces. The analysis results reveal that social sustainability is optimally achieved in the flexibility of spaces in a mosque.]]>
<![CDATA[Reimagining Urban Public Spaces: A Study of Spatial Rights and Community Interaction in Jabal Al-Hussein, Jordan ]]>
<![CDATA[Alkhreasat, Ayat]]>;
<![CDATA[Suleiman, Sarinaz]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.28036
<![CDATA[The paramount determinant of open space's success lies in the harmonious fusion of its design and environmental context. Considering people's environmental experience is crucial for implementing user-friendly spatial planning. This can be achieved by acknowledging the concept of "The Right to the City", which has two aspects: the right of residents to occupy, use, and enjoy specific city public spaces; and the right of residents to participate in decision-making at various stages in the urban planning process. This paper focuses on the first point only. The paper’s hypothesis emerged from the lack of POS in the study area, so streets are a public space where the community interacts, and does different activities. This paper studies the interactions between the physical setting of streets and open spaces with users. It traces all possible social, religious, and physical activities to reveal the level of spatial justice through the concept of spatial rights includes five dimensions. It comes out with three alternatives based on the conception of public spaces associated with mosques that emerged from a careful analysis of the needs of the residents of the study area (part of the Jabal Al-Hussein neighborhood).]]>
<![CDATA[Comparative Study of Intimacy Between Millennial Vernacular Islamic Habitat of M’zab and Standardized Modern Habitat ]]>
<![CDATA[Krimo, Dahmani]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 8, No 3 (2025): Journal of Islamic Architecture ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.18860/jia.v8i3.25675
<![CDATA[Understanding intimacy within a habitat is crucial to deciphering its human and social dynamics. Human habitation's conceptual and poetic content inspires both the creation and philosophical thinking of societies. Heidegger connected art, space, and architecture of human habitation by responding to the aspirations of their inhabitants. In this sense, private life constitutes a boundary between private and public family life. In Islamic architecture, this sustainable concept is intergenerational, translating sensory experiences into spatial design. We aim to quantify this concept by comparing Islamic and modern architecture. By integrating ophthalmology calculations, those of J. Panero and M. Zelnik, and the interpersonal communication thresholds of Hall and Moore, we calculated the dynamics of spatial and superficial intimacy based on gender. Differences have been observed between Mozabite Islamic architecture in Algeria, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and modern architecture. According to Shannon and Weaver, the information is coded messages and measurable quantities. The internalization or exteriorization of intimacy is essential to understand its vernacular or modern typology. The resonance of gender frequencies undoubtedly forms the basis of a relatively effective strategy for protecting privacy within human habitats. This approach facilitated the development of a sensory imprint for the opulent vernacular Islamic habitat of M'Zab.]]>
