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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011" : 9 Documents clear

Pembentukan Galur Mandul Jantan Baru Padi Hibrida Tahan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri dan Hama Wereng Batang Coklat Nugraha, Yudhistira; Munarso, Yuniati P.; Satoto, Satoto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The presently available cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) commonly used to develop rice hybrids in Indonesia are susceptible to major pests and diseases. Research was conducted to develop new cytoplasmic male sterile lines which are highly resistant to major pests and diseases. Two new cytoplasmic male sterile rice lines, GMJ4A and GMJ5A, were developed using backcross method, derived from crosses of BP455G-PN-13-2-1-1-10-MR-3-1 and B11005E-MR-4-2-1, which were identified as completely sterile on a test cross nursery. The following season, sterile F1 generations were successively backcrossed until stable sterile plants were obtained in 2006. Seeds of the two cytoplasmic sterile lines were mass produced at Muara, Bogor, in 2006. GMJ4A and GMJ5A are resistant to bacterial leaf blight patotipe IV and VIII. Both lines are resistant to brown plant hopper in the green house test with scores of 1 to 3. The hybrid combinations involving GMJ4A and GMJ5A were evaluated in an observational yield test at Muara during dry season of 2007 and at Kuningan in dry season 2009. The level of grain yield heterosis were better than the check varieties. These two lines are expected to be used as a replacement for the existing CMS lines.

Takaran Optimal Pupuk NPKS, Dolomit, dan Pupuk Kandang pada Hasil Kedelai di Lahan Pasang Surut Taufiq, Abdullah; Wijanarko, Andy; Suyamto, Suyamto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tidal swamp land has a good potential for soybean production. The main obstacle found on this land are low soil fertility, acidic reaction and high alluminium. The study was aimed to determine the optimal rate of fertilizer, and the effect of dolomite and manure on soybean yield on tidal swamp land. The experiment was conducted on a tidal land type C in Rantau Rasau, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi Province, in 2009. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of a combination of fertilizers N, P, K, S, dolomite, and manure. The results showed that a high soybean yield on the tidal land type C can be obtained by applying NPKS fertilizers, dolomite, and manure with a rate of 30-30-30-20 (N-P2O5-K2O-SO4) kg/ha or equivalent to 200 kg compound fertilizer/ha. The NPKS fertilizer can be reduced by 50%, if it is combined with 750 kg/ha of dolomite and 1000 kg/ha organic manure. Addition of dolomite and manure increased the efficiency of the NPKS fertilizer.

Pengaruh Waktu Tanam dan Genotipe Padi Gogo terhadap Hasil D.H., Totok A.; Suwarto, Suwarto; Riyanto, A.; Susanti, D.; Kantun, I. N.; Suwarno, Suwarno
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Upland rice plays an important role in supporting food security for community in dryland areas. Genotype Ã environment interaction is an important factor to be considered in the development of upland rice in Indonesia, because they affect rice yield stability. Genotype Ã environment interaction and yield stability of rice genotypes are important information to be considered for the development of upland rice. The study was conducted over two years on a dry land area of Banjarnegara, Central Java, using 10 genotypes of upland rice (UNRAM 1E, 4E UNRAM, UNRAM 17E, 9E UNRAM, Unsoed G10, G19 Unsoed, Unsoed G39, G136 Unsoed, B12644F-MR-2, B12498C-MR-1) and two varieties (Situ Patenggang and Way Rarem) as control. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results showed that planting time affect yield and yield components of the upland rice tested. Effect of the genotype x planting time interaction was shown on plant height, flowering date, harvest age, and crop yields. The upland rice genotypes that showed a stable high yields over years of planting were UNRAM 4, Unsoed G10, G136 Unsoed, B12644F-MR-2, and Situ Patenggang and Way Rarem.

Efektivitas Kombinasi Amelioran dan Pupuk Kandang dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Kedelai pada Tanah Ultisol Sudaryono, Sudaryono; Wijanarko, Andy; Suyamto, Suyamto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Major constraint in soybean production on Ultisol soil includes: high soil acidity, veryhigh Al and Fe level, low organic matter, nutrient deficiency, low of base saturation and cation exchange capacity (CEC). This study was aimed at finding an optimal dose and combination of organic manure and soil ameliorants to achieve high yield of soybean in Ultisol soil in Lampung. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), Malang, East Java, and on a dry land of Rumbia district, Lampung Tengah, in the 2005 growing season. Four series of experiments were conducted in the greenhouse using four different ameliorants (dolomite, zeolite, limestone, and organic ameliorant Formula 1). The glasshouse trial was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor consisted of five ameliorant levels, namely 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 kg/ha. The second factor consisted of four manure levels, namely 0, 500, 100, and 1500 kg/ha. In the field experiment, a randomized complete block design was used with four replications. Two ameliorants, dolomite and zeolite, were used and the treatment combinations were the same as those in the glasshouse trial. Results indicated that ameliorant zeolite, dolomite, limestone, and Formula 1 increased plant height, seed weight (yield/pot), and yield of soybean in the field. The effective dose of ameliorant application to achieve 2.0-2.5 t/ha soybean yield was a combination of 500-100 kg/ha manure and 150-450 kg/ha each one of the ameliorants dolomite, zeolite, lime or Formula 1. An effective way to apply the soil ameliorant was by placing it in the planting hole or by distributing it along the plant rows. The use of ameliorant in the form of organic Formula 1 can be reduced down to 2,500 kg/ha. The need of ameliorant in the form of natural mineral (dolomite, zeolite, limestone) can be reduced down to 1,500 kg/ha. Combinations of ameliorant with organic manure showed increase of the effectiveness of the amelioration on Ultisol soil. The optimum combination of soil ameliorant and organic manure was 500 to 1,000 kg/ha organic manure and 150 to 450 kg/ha ameliorant.

Perbedaan Daya Serap Hara Beberapa Varietas Unggul Padi pada Tipe Lahan Berbeda di Lahan Pasang Surut Masganti, Masganti
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Nutrient uptake capacity is an important factor for increasing rice yield. A high nutrient uptake capacity is expected to produce a high rice yield. Research was conducted at Anjir Serapat Barat Village (Land type A), and Anjir Serapat Timur Village (Land type B) in the Kapuas Timur District, Central Kalimantan, during the planting season (PS) of 2006. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with five treatments of three replications. The treatment consisted of 5 high-yielding rice varieties (IR66, IR64, Kapuas, Margasari, and Martapura) and each set was planted at two land types (Land types A and B). The variables observed were the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptakes by rice plants. Results showed that nutrient uptake capacities of rice plants were affected by rice varieties and by land types. The highest nutrient uptake capacity was found on variety Margasari grown on Land type A, which was equal to 55.2 kg K/ha, 47.6 kg N/ha, 19.7 kg P/ha, 19.7 kg Ca/ha, and 3.11 kg Mg/ha, followed by variety Martapura grown on Land type A, which was equal to 51.8 kg K/ha, 46.1 kg N/ha, 17.9 kg Ca/ha, 17.1 kg P/ha, and 9.7 kg Mg/ha. The lowest nutrient uptake capacity was found on variety Kapuas grown on Land type B, which was equal to 21.3 kg K/ha, 17.0 kg N/ha, 5.2 kg Ca/ha, 5.0 kg P/ha, and 2.8 kg Mg/ha. Differences on nutrient uptake capacity may influence the biomass and grain yield.

Peningkatan Efikasi Cendawan Lecanicillium lecanii untuk Mengendalikan Telur Hama Kepik Coklat pada Kedelai Prayogo, Yusmani; Santoso, Teguh; Kartosuwondo, Utomo; Sudirman, Lisdar I.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Lecanicillium lecanii is considered as an effective entomopathogenic fungi to control eggs of brown stink bug on soybean. Its efficacy is indicated by reducing the level of hatching of brown stink bug eggs. One factor affecting the efficacy of the entomopathogen in the field is its intolerant to sunlight exposure. A research was conducted in the screen house of the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), Malang, from March to August 2008. The study was aimed at determining the effect of addition of vegetable oils on the efficacy of lecanii to control stink bug eggs on soybean. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete design with two factors. The first factor consisted of three vegetable oils i.e, peanut oil, soybean oil, and coconut oil. The second factor consisted of four oil concentration i.e; 2 ml/l, 5 ml/l, 10 ml/l, and without oil (control). Result showed that addition of vegetable oils as adjuvant increased significantly the growth and development of the entomopathogen, as indicated by the increase of colony diameter and number of conidia of lecanii in vitro. The fungal conidia persisted on the soybean plants until seven days after the adjuvant application at the rate of 10 ml/l water, while the conidia persisted only for one day on plants which was not applied with the vegetable oils. Hatchability of the brown stink bug eggs was only 20% when peanut oil was used as an adjuvant. Not all hatched eggs of the brown stink bug developed into adult, hence, the number of adult bugs that cause damages on soybean pods were reduced. In general, the addition of vegetable oil increased efficacy of the entomopathogen up to 40%. Among the vegetable oils tested, peanut oil was the most effective to increase the efficacy of lecanii to control brown stink bug egg on soybean.

Pengaruh Derajat Sosoh dan Pengemas terhadap Mutu Beras Aromatik selama Penyimpanan Tarigan, Elsera Br; Kusbiantoro, Bram
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Aromatic rice is popular for its aroma, taste, and texture. The chemical compound of 2-Acetyl-1-pyrrolina (2AP) contributes to the pandan leaf-like aroma, while the hexanal compound is used as an indicator of rancidity in rice. Grains of three aromatic rice varieties, namely Mentik Wangi, Pandan Wangi, and Sintanur were milled in three degree of milling, i.e., 100, 90, and 0% (brown rice). The milled rice and the brown rice were then stored in hermetic bags and plastic bags for 4 months at room temperature. Chemical composition of the packed and stored rice grains were determined by the proximate analysis, including moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, and amylose content. The analysis was conducted at the beginning and the end of month of storage. Consumer preference test of the packed rice was done by the hedonic test. Moisture, ash, protein and fat contents during storage were still in the standards range. Compared to the amylose content prior to storage, the textures of the cooked rice after four months of storage remained fluffier or became less fluffy. The aroma, tenderness, texture, flavor, and overall attributes, judged by the panelists, Mentik Wangi was the most favored, followed by Sintanur and Pandan Wangi. Both hermetic bag and plastic bag gave no different effects on the stored rice quality and on the consumer preferences.

Karakter Agronomi dan Hasil Galur Padi Toleran Rendaman Hairmansis, Aris; Supartopo, Supartopo; Kustianto, Bambang; Pane, Hamdan
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Use of submergence tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar for planting is an important adaptation strategy to reduce yield losses in flood prone rice areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the agronomic characteristics of submergence tolerant rice lines in a controlled environment. Six submergence tolerant rice lines carrying gene Sub1 and their respective susceptible parents were evaluated. Rice cultivars Inpara 3 (tolerance) and IR42 (susceptible) were used as control. All rice genotypes were grown in replicated plots under two different environments, i.e., normal irrigation and 10 days complete submergence at vegetative plant stage. Results showed significant variations among rice genotypes for agronomic characteristics under the two different environments. Under the submergence condition, tolerant rice lines produced higher yields than did their parents, while under normal irrigation they performed comparably to their parents. Three tolerant lines, i.e., BR11-Sub1, Swarna-Sub1, and TDK1-Sub1 produced 5.76, 5.74, and 5.68 t/ha grain yield, respectively, under complete submergence for 10 days. These lines were considered as tolerant to submergence, and need to be tested further in a multi-location yield trial, in the targeted environments.

Regenerasi Kedelai melalui Kultur Epikotil dan Teknik Aklimatisasi Slamet, Slamet; Pardal, Saptowo J.; Herman, M.; Wartono, Wartono
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Regeneration of induced callus growth into whole plants is an important step in genetic transformation. Soybean is a recalcitrant plant regeneration process which can not always be repeated often (irreproducible). Therefore, the standard soybean callus regeneration method is difficult to obtain. This research was conducted to obtain a suitable medium for the regeneration and acclimatization techniques for soybean plant. The regeneration experiment used soybean sprouts of Sindoro cultivar on five kinds of media, with MS and B5 basal media plus a few types and concentrations of growth regulators, arranged on completely randomized design with three replications. Each replication consisted of five explants per bottle. Observations were made on the number of explants forming shoots, number of shoots of each explant, number of roots, and shoots length. Results showed that the culture of epicotyl had a high regeneration rate (>90%), and B5 media was the most suitable for plant regeneration of callus derived from epicotyl explants of soybean. Acclimatization of plantlet derived from epicotyl and one putative transgenic (TO) plant resulted in 99% degree of success. Plantlets from epicotyl culture of soybean Sindoro cultivar and putative transgenic plants were successfully grown in the greenhouse and subsequently produced pods.

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