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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Karakteristik Flavor Beras Varietas Padi Aromatik dari Ketinggian Lokasi yang Berbeda Tarigan, Elsera; Jumali, Jumali; Kusbiantoro, B.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

To express its optimum flavor, aromatic rice variety should be planted at a specific location. Elevation and soil types are generally considered as the main influencing factors. In this research, three sites, representing low, medium and high elevation, were used to test aromatic rice varieties for its flavor expression. The sites of research were Garut (over 1000 m above sea level/asl), Sumedang (over 500 m asl), and Subang (less then 500 m asl). The flavor components were measured using Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer, GCMS. The data were analyzed using principle component method. Elevation of the sites greatly affected the flavor components of Gilirang, Cimelati, and Sintanur varieties. Among the volatile compounds constituting the rice flavor, hydro carbon aromatic and aldehyde were the most influential ones. Based on the principle component analysis, there were five components contributing to the flavor, namely: butyric acid, benzaldehyde, 2-nonen-1-ol, toluene, and hepthl alcohol. The 2AP (2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline) which gives the pandanus flavor in aromatic rice, was found only from the aromatic rice variety planted at high elevation of Garut. The volatile compounds influencing the taste preference, based on hedonic test, was detected most on Cimelati rice variety as a strong flavor aroma. The general responses of panelist with regard to the aroma, showed moderate aroma to all varieties tested. But for taste, texture, and preferences, most panelists chose Sintanur variety planted at medium elevations (Sumedang).

Perbaikan Kesuburan dan Kualitas Tanah Bekas Ubikayu Melalui Pengembalian Biomassa Kacang Tanah dan Jagung Wijanarko, Andy; Purwanto, Benito Heru; Shiddieq, Djaâ€™far; Indradewa, Didik
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Continuous planting of cassava can reduce soil fertility and yield of cassava. Returns of plant biomass can reduce the rate of decline in soil fertility. This study aims to determine the effect of the return of groundnut biomass in improving soil fertility and soil quality at cassava land. Laboratory and greenhouse studies have been conducted in Iletri Malang. Laboratory studies to determine the mineralization of N, experiment using a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment consists of : the first factor (origin biomass): groundnut, maize, groundnut, maize 1: 1 (w/w), groundnut - maize 2: 1 (w/w), groundnut - maize 1: 2 (w/w) and without biomass, while the second factor (duration of land utilization for cassava): less than 10 years and more than 30 years. N mineralization estimated using first order equations. Greenhouse experiment using a randomized block design with treatment as same as with laboratory experiments. Parameter observations greenhouse experiment was pH, N and C in total, NH4+, NO3-, N labile fractions, C labile fractions and uptake of N, P, K. The results showed that application of groundnut : maize biomass ( 2: 1), increase the rate of mineralization (K) by 43% -56% and increase the amount of N mineralized (N0) by 171-222% as compared with no biomass application. Application of groundnut : maize biomass (1: 1) or groundnut : maize biomass (2: 1) is able to improve soil fertility as reflected by the increasing availability of total N, C-organic, NH4 + and NO3, improve the soil qualityÂ with increase in the soil quality parameters ( N and C labile fractions), andÂ increases of the uptake of N, P and K by cassava. Returns biomass either groundnut mixed with maize or not, has the potential to restore soil fertility.

Identifikasi Komponen Volatil Tanaman Padi Fase Bunting dan Matang Susu sebagai Pakan Alami yang Disukai Tikus Sawah Mardiah, Zahara; Sudarmaji, Sudarmaji
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Agustus 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Rat is a major rice pest that can detect and smell feed odor better then other mammals. Rice plants at booting and milky stages are the most commonly attacked by rats. These may be due to the preference of the rat to volatile compounds available in the plants at both growth stages. Analysis of the volatile compounds was conducted at the Flavor Analysis Laboratory of the Indonesian Center of Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi, by a Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) using the Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) method. There were 54 volatile compounds identified from rice plants atbooting stage and 47 volatile compounds from that of milky stage. Descriptions of the volatile aromas contained in the rice plant at booting stage and milky stage were green, sweet, fatty, buttery, creamy, fruity, pungent sour, and beany.

Efektivitas Kebijakan Harga Input dan Output Usahatani Tanaman Pangan pada Berbagai Agroekosistem di Indonesia Andriati, Andriati; Sudana, Wayan
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Fertilizers play important roles in increasing rice yield. Government policy in a form of determined Highest Retail Price (HRP) of urea and the Government Purchasing Price (GPP) of rice grains not always been effective, so that farmers might not rationally use the fertilizers. Assessment the effectiveness of policy on the implementation HRP and GPP was conducted in five provinces, with different agro-ecosystem. The assessment used primary data collected in 2008, with aim to analyze the effectiveness of the policy implementation on urea HRP and on rice grains GPP. Assessment locations at the provincial and regency levels were determined based on a purposive sampling technique, whereas assessment locations at the district to village levels were selected based on the production center, determined by the multistages random sampling. Data collection of input and output prices were done through surveys using structured questionnaires to kiosks of farm inputs at the village level, the Village Cooperative Units (KUD), and other relevant agencies. Results of the assessments indicated that policy on HRP of urea fertilizer was not effectively complied, especially in the irrigated land with a high-low tidal agro-ecosystem. The GPP policy implementation was quite effective; in the aggregate, the most effective implementation of the policy was on the irrigated lands. The highest level of farmersâ€™ ability to buy urea fertilizer (IHKD) was on the irrigated land. The urea HRP policy is expected to go along with the increase of grain GPP.

Seleksi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Antagonis sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Padi Rustam, Rustam; Giyanto, Giyanto; Wiyono, Suryo; Santosa, Dwi Andreas; Susanto, Slamet
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 3 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Selection and identification of effective microbes are important steps to obtain biological control agents. The objective of this research was to screen potential bacteria as controlling agents for rice sheath blight disease. The research was conducted at plant bacteriological laboratory and green house of Plant Protection Division of Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, from May 2010 to February 2011. The trial was arranged in a completely randomized design with bacterial isolates as treatment. The result showed that 30 out of 144 bacterial isolates indicated an antifungal activity to R. solani. In vivo test indicated that 3 of the 30 isolates which have antifungal activity were able significantly to suppress the rice sheath blight disease. Those isolates were marked as TT47, SS19 and BR2, with the ability to suppress rice sheath blight disease at rate of 79.6, 56.4, and 49.4%, disease index 1.7, 3.7, and 4.3, and the disease incidence 33.3%, 73.35, and 80%, respectively. Molecular characterization of partial sequence of 16S rRNA on SS19, TT47, and BR2 isolates showed that those bacteria are Serratia marcescens, Ralstonia pickettii, and Bacillus subtilis, respectively.

Willingness to Accept dan Willingness to Pay Petani dan Konsumen terhadap Padi Hibrida di Sentra Produksi Jawa Timur Adnyana, Made Oka; Wardana, Putu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Research on hybrid rice in Indonesia was initiated in 1983, in collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute. Since 2000 private sector had indicated their interest in hybrid rice seed business. Planted area of hybrid rice in Indonesia was still relatively small of about 658 thousand hectares or about 5.0 percent of the total rice planted area of 13.2 million hectares in 2013. This study was aimed to analyze farmersâ€™ responses and preferences to the development of hybrid rice in East Java, one of the rice production center in Indonesia. Contingent valuation method (CVM) to analyze farmersâ€™ Willingness to Accept (WTA) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) with respect to various factors was then exercised to evaluate constraints and prospect of the future of hybrid rice development in Indonesia. The outputs of this study showed that farmersâ€™ preferences to hybrid rice based on its taste was positive, especially to the newly introduced hybrid rice variety â€œHipa Jatimâ€, when compared with the previous hybrid varieties, such as Maro and Rokan. WTA and WTP also showed significant farmersâ€™ interests to the hybrid variety, due to higher yield and its better taste, similar to that of popular inbred rice. Farmersâ€™ WTAs of hybrid rice was significantly influenced by the productivity, response to pests and deseases, and the total cost of production, while consummersâ€™ WTPs of hybrid rice was significantly influened by the quality of milled rice.

Perbedaan Kebutuhan Nitrogen untuk Produksi Kedelai di Tanah Mineral dan Mineral Bergambut Dengan Budidaya Jenuh Air -, Bachtiar; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Melati, Maya; Guntoro, Dwi; Sutandi, Atang
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 3 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Development of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) in tidal land are faced with problems physical, chemical and biological soil properties, such as high organic matter, high soil acidity, toxicity of Fe and Al, and deficiency of nutrients N, P , K, Ca and Mg. N content is high (> 0.51%) but with low availability.Â The research objective is to determine the dose and timing of N, P and K application in accordance with the needs of soybean plants to have optimally growth and production in mineral and peaty mineral soil in tidal land. The research was conducted in mineral and peaty mineral soil of tidal land type C and B, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin Regency, Province of South Sumatra from April to August 2014. The model is linear using split plots in a randomized block design. Varieties of Willis and Tanggamus were used for nitrogen application experiment.Â The time of fertilizer application is at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP), 2, 3, 4 and 5 WAP, and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 WAP. The concentration of nitrogen is 7,5; 10; 12,5 and 15 g/l water with spraying volume of 400 l/ha.Â In the mineral soil, dry weight of nodules and Willis biomass increased with increasing frequency time of fertilization, otherwise Tanggamus more fluctuating and declined at higher frequency of fertilization. Wilis variety generating the highest production of 3,5 ton/ha.Â In the peaty mineral soil, dry weight of nodules and biomass were not significant.Â Willis productivity tends to decrease with increasing nitrogen concentrations.Â Tanggamus productivity tends to increase with increasing nitrogen concentration at all level of time fertilization.Â Tanggamus tend to generate higher productivity of 3,2 ton/ha.

Serapan Hara dan Peningkatan Produktivitas Jagung dengan Aplikasi Pupuk NPK Majemuk Kasno, A.; Rostaman, Tia
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

To increase corn yield, an optimum rate of fertilizer is needed. The aims of this study were to study the effect of the NPK compound fertilizer of 15-15-15 on maize yield and to quantify the NPK nutrients uptake. The study was conducted on Inceptisol dryland from December 2011 to April 2012. Completely randomized block design was used consisting of 8 treatments and 3 replications. The fertilizer doses were 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg/ha. Each treatment was added with 250 kg urea/ha. Hybrid corn of Pioneer 12 variety was planted on this experiment. The result showed that both NPK compound and single nutrients fertilizers produced the same yield of maize. The contribution of N nutrient was more pronounced than that of P2O5 or K2O for increasing the maize yield. The highest value of relative agronomic effectiveness was achieved by applying 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer at rate of 300 kg/ha plus 250 kg urea/ha. Fertilization of NPK increased the N uptake from 25 to 114 kg/ha, P nutrient from 9 to 51 kg/ha, and K nutrient from 12 to 66 kg/ha, and therefore increased grain yield. P and K nutrient uptake were stored in the grains higher than that in the stover. Uptake of N in the stover was relatively the same as that in the grains.

Kombinasi Biopestisida Formulasi Bacillus subtilis BNt8 dan Pestisida Nabati untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Hawar Daun Bipolaris maydis pada Jagung Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Suriani, Suriani; Talanca, Andi Haris
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 2, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maydis leaf blight disease caused by Bipolaris maydis can attack corn plants in the vegetative and generative phase and can reduce yield up to 70%. Biological control of plant diseases with the use of biopesticides alone or in combination with other botanical materials can be efficient because it is easy to obtain, cheaper price, also environmentally friendly. The objective of the study was to obtain a combination of B. subtilis formulation with a botanical pesticide which has the potential to control the growth and development of maydis leaf blight. In addition to this, we also observed the effect of the application of the combination of botanical pesticides and B. subtilis formulation on plant growth. The study was conducted on February till June 2016 at the Plant Pathology Laboratory of ICERI with a complete randomized design and the Bajeng Experimental Farm using a randomized block design. In vitro testing, the treatment with vegetable pesticide of clove leaf extract gave better results in suppressing B. maydis. Similarly, in field testing, the application of B. subtilis formulation combined with clove leaf extract also gave a better effect in suppressing the development of maydis leaf blight disease and increasing yield. Applications of B. subtilis formulation can suppress maydis leaf blight disease by up to 13% and potentially increase yield by 26%.

Pengelolaan Hara pada Varietas Padi Toleran Rendaman Ikhwani, Ikhwani; Makarim, A. Karim
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Nutrient management, by combining rice varieties tolerant to water submergence with plant spacing and timing and mode of fertilizer application is expected to reduce rice yield loss due to submergence in the flood-prone wetland. A study on nutrient management (fertilization) was conducted aiming to determine the effect of submergence on growth and production of rice varieties tolerant to submergence. The experiment was conducted on a special pond to simulate wetland conditions prone to submergence at the Sukamandi Experimental Station, Indonesia Center of Rice Research using a randomized bock design with factorial 2 x 5 three replications. The treatments consisted of two rice varieties, namely: (1) prill urea, (2) prill urea + briquette urea, (3) briquette urea, (4) prill urea + silicate and (5) urea in mudball. The fertilizer was given at 0 days after transplanting (DAT), 7 DAT, 30 DAT, and 42 DAT. The same treatments were made in a different ponds as a control but without submergence. Submergence was applied from 14 to 24 DAP (10 days). Results of the experiment showed that of 400 hills that were planted (16 m2/plot), after immersion for 10 days, the number of IR64 that survived ranged from 7-44 hills/plot, for IR64, whereas for IR64 sub-1 the survival plant hills are between 182 and 216. It indicated there are still many hills damaged by submergence for 10 days even for the tolerance rice variety. At harvest, the relative yields for submerged treatments compared with for non submergence ones are as follows 58.5%; 75.2%; 119.6%; 87.7%; and 77.7% namely for the respective fertilizer treatments; (1) 30 PR + 40 PR + 50 PR; (2) 60 BR + 30 PR + 30 PR; (3) 60 BR + 60 BR + 0; (4) No 1 + silicate and (5) 40 MB + 80MB + 0. Through this research we found the best N application using a briquette urea 9.34 ton dry (14% mc) grain.

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