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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014" : 8 Documents clear

Karakteristik Flavor Beras Varietas Padi Aromatik dari Ketinggian Lokasi yang Berbeda Tarigan, Elsera; Jumali, Jumali; Kusbiantoro, B.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

To express its optimum flavor, aromatic rice variety should be planted at a specific location. Elevation and soil types are generally considered as the main influencing factors. In this research, three sites, representing low, medium and high elevation, were used to test aromatic rice varieties for its flavor expression. The sites of research were Garut (over 1000 m above sea level/asl), Sumedang (over 500 m asl), and Subang (less then 500 m asl). The flavor components were measured using Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer, GCMS. The data were analyzed using principle component method. Elevation of the sites greatly affected the flavor components of Gilirang, Cimelati, and Sintanur varieties. Among the volatile compounds constituting the rice flavor, hydro carbon aromatic and aldehyde were the most influential ones. Based on the principle component analysis, there were five components contributing to the flavor, namely: butyric acid, benzaldehyde, 2-nonen-1-ol, toluene, and hepthl alcohol. The 2AP (2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline) which gives the pandanus flavor in aromatic rice, was found only from the aromatic rice variety planted at high elevation of Garut. The volatile compounds influencing the taste preference, based on hedonic test, was detected most on Cimelati rice variety as a strong flavor aroma. The general responses of panelist with regard to the aroma, showed moderate aroma to all varieties tested. But for taste, texture, and preferences, most panelists chose Sintanur variety planted at medium elevations (Sumedang).

Penyebaran Varietas Unggul Kedelai dan Dampaknya terhadap Ekonomi Perdesaan Krisdiana, Ruly
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Improved soybean varieties are generally possessing high yield, resistant to major pests and diseases, and carrying other important properties. Until 2013 more than 70 improved varieties had been released, but not all are planted by farmers. The present research objectives were: (1) to identify the distribution and farmers preferences of improved soybean varieties, (2) to identify the adoption barrier of new soybean varieties, and (3) to estimate the economic contribution of the new soybean varieties. The study was conducted on soybean production centers in Indonesia, covering East Java, Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, West Java, and South Sulawesi. The research was carried out using survey method, where samples of farmers were used as sources of the primary data. There were total of 600 farmer respondents. Analyses of the data applied the tabulation analysis, principal components analyses, and contributions analyses. The results showed that soybean varieties most widely adopted by farmers in order of the highest were: Anjasmoro (32.1% farmer users, covering area of 190,567 ha), Willis (17.9% farmer users, area of 93,187 ha), Mahameru (9.1% farmer users, area of 78,190 ha), Grobogan (11.2% farmer users, area of 71,576 ha). Farmerâ€™s preferences to soybean variety, included the following characters: flowering at 35-40 days after planting, harvesting 70-75 days after planting, stem with many branches, yellow seed coat color, round seed shape, large seed size, and the grains sold easily. The reason of varieties was not being adopted by farmers include: unavailability of seeds at planting time, seed size was too small, seed price is too expensive, and the distance from farmersâ€™ home to the seed kiosk was too far away. The economic contribution of improve soybean varieties was as followed: Anjasmoro (Rp 1.3 trillion), Mahameru (Rp 0.61 trillion), Grobogan (Rp 0.61 trillion), Willis (Rp 0.56 trillion), Baluran (Rp 0.25 trillion), while the other improved varieties (Argomulyo, Bromo, Orba, Kipas Merah, Galunggung, Kipas Putih, Davros, Gepak kuning, Gepak Hijau, Malabar, Burangrang, Mitani, Kaba, Lokon, Sinabung) each contributed to the rural economy in a total of Rp 0.57 trillion. The total economic contribution of all improved soybean varieties was estimated at Rp 3.9 trillion.

Penyaringan Cepat dan Toleransi Tanaman Jagung terhadap Intensitas Cahaya Rendah Syafruddin, Syafruddin; Suwarti, Suwarti; Azrai, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize cropping under plantation tree crop has a potential for increasing the national maize production. Environment under the tree crops has relatively low light intensity, which hinder the leaf photosynthesis. Therefore, research to identify maize genotypes tolerant to low light intensity was conducted. The research was carried out in three stages; stage-1 was to identify the most effective shading method to be used for the rapid screening, consisted of two treatments, namely: 87.5% and 99.9% light interception. Stage-2 was rapid screening of 160 maize genotypes at germination stage, under the dark room to select tolerance genotypes. The stage-3 was to study physiological mechanism of maize growth under low light intensity stress by planting nine tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The results showed that rapid screening of maize for tolerant to low light intensity stress can be done by growing newly germinating maize for 8 days in the dark room. Genotypes G02 x 7; CY 15 x MAL03; AP.1 x 1042-37; B11 x 265-A; MR12 x MAL04; MR14 x 270C; G02 x 5; AMB07 x CML161 and 1044-9 x 1027-11 were found to be tolerant to low light intensity stress. Growing maize seedling in the dark room had decreased chlorophyll content, carbohydrates and fat, however, the Nitrogen (N) content in the leaves increased. Tolerance genotypes response to low light intensity was indicated by decreasing chlorophyll, carbohydrates and fat content, as well as increasing Nitrogen content, much less than those of susceptible genotypes.

Adaptasi dan Stabilitas Hasil Galur-galur Aromatik Padi Sawah di Sumatera Utara Akmal, Akmal; Gunarsih, Cucu; Samaullah, M. Yamin
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

This research was aimed to describe the yield stability and growth adaptation of elite lines of aromatic rice in rice production centers of North Sumatra. The experiments were conducted at 10 sites during dry season (DS) 2001 and DS 2002. Research materials consisted of 12 elite lines introduced from IRRI with IR64 as check variety. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Stability analysis was performed using methods of Eberhart and Russell, Finlay and Wilkinson, and Francis and Kanennberg. The results showed that the interaction of genotype x environment effect was very significant, indicating the presence of specific line adaptation on a particular environment. Genotypes which had the highest average yield were not always stable genotypes, as was shown by IR71137-49-1-2 which was more suitable to the sub-optimum environment. Lines IR71143-223-3-2-2-3, IR71146-97-1-2-1-3, IR65610-24-3-6-3-2-3, IR66696-49-1-2, IR71146-407-2-1-2-1, IR71146-122-1-1-2-1 were considered as stable genotypes according to the three analysis methods and each line showed high average yield. Those genotypes are suggested to be planted in the high productivity environments in order to obtain its optimum genetic expressivity on grain yield

Kesesuaian Genotipe Kedelai untuk Tanaman Sela di Bawah Tegakan Pohon Karet Sundari, Titik; Purwantoro, Purwantoro
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

This research was aimed to identify shade-tolerant soybean genotypes that was suitable for planting under rubber tree plantation. The research was conducted at three locations of rubber tree plantation in Central and East Lampung where the rubber tree were at age of 3 to 4 years, during dry season of 2011. The materials consisted of 30 soybean genotypes, where 23 lines were shadetolerant, and seven were as check varieties (Pangrango, Burangrang, Malabar, Argomulyo, Grobogan, Ijen, and Tanggamus). Each genotype was planted in plot of 4 m x 2.2 m, plant spacing was 40 cm x 15 cm, two plants /hill. The experiment used a randomized block design, repeated four times. Before planting, dolomite of 1.5 t/ha was applied, and 75 kg Urea / ha + 100 SP36 kg/ha + 100 kg KCl /ha was applied at planting time. Observations were done on flowering date, harvesting date, plant height, number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of pods, seed weight per plant and grain yield. The light intensity under the rubber tree canopy was observed every week after the soybean age was 30 days (DAP), at 11:00 to 12:00 pm. The levels of shade made by the rubber tree canopy at three locations were different; at Tulangbalak (East Lampung) and Gunungsari (Central Lampung) ranged between 20% to 40%, at Gunungadi (Central Lampung) between 40% to 60%. Genotypes IBM22-861-2-22-3-1 and AI26-1114-8-28-1-2 yielded consistently well in two locations, in East Lampung (1.40 t/ha and 1.43 t/ha), in Central Lampung (1.19 t/ha and 1.18 t/ha). Genotype IBM22-861-2-22-3-1 and AI26-1114-8-28-1-2 produced the highest average yield out of the three locations, i.e 1.13 t/ha. Genotype IBM22-861-2-22-3-1 and AI26-1114-8-28-1-2 were considered as suitable genotypes for planting under the rubber tree of 3 to 4 years of age.

Pemodelan Pengukuran Luas Panen Padi Nasional Menggunakan Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Model (GARCH) Iqbal, Teuku Achmad; Sadik, Kusman; Sumertajaya, I Made
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

This study was aimed to build a model for the estimation of national harvested area of rice by incorporating element of variant heterogeneity and the influence of asymmetry factors on time series data using five types of GARCH models, namely: symmetric GARCH, exponential asymmetric GARCH, quadratic asymmetric GARCH, Threshold GARCH, and non-linear asymmetric GARCH. Those models were compared and evaluated, and then the best model was used to predict the accuracy of the national rice harvested area. The results showed that two types of GARCH had significant coefficient, indicating the validity of the model. Those models were symmetric GARCH and quadratic GARCH models. Based on the value of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the twelve month periods ahead, quadratic GARCH model was better than the symmetric GARCH model. Furthermore, based on the value of mean absolute deviation (MAD) and mean square error (MSE), quadratic GARCH model also seemed to be a better model than symmetric GARCH model. The best model can be used to predict the harvested area in the subsequent year.

Stabilitas Hasil Galur Kedelai Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan Suhartina, Suhartina; Purwantoro, Purwantoro; Nugrahaeni, Novita; Taufiq, Abdullah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Soybean in Indonesia mostly is planted on the lowland during dry season. During the season, soybean crops face drought stress at generative phase, that reduces grain yield. Planting of drought tolerance variety is an alternative means to overcome this problem. The objective of this research was to evaluate the adaptability and yield stability of soybean lines tolerant to drought stress. Twelve soybean lines and two check varieties (Wilis and Tidar) were evaluated at eight locations during dry season of 2009 and 2010, planted two times in each location. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. These sites were Mojokerto, Banyuwangi, Pasuruan, and Jombang (East Java), Bantul and Sleman (Yogyakarta), Mataram and Lombok Barat (NTB). No irrigation was added during reproductive phase of the crop. Soil moisture content at 0-20 cm soil layer during the generative phase was equivalent to pF value of 3.0-4.2. Analysis of variance over locations and planting seasons showed that there was significant interaction between genotypes and environments. Among the tested-lines, DV/2984-330 was the only line that showed average stability with high grain yield, averaging of 1.95 t/ha out of its yield potential of 2.83 t/ha. This line showed good adaptability over locations with water shortage (20-30% field capacity) during generative phase. Grain yield of this promising line was 14% higher compared to that of Tidar and 16% higher to that of Wilis. This line is prospective to be released as new variety, possessing drought stress during generative phase.

Pengaruh Tinggi Tempat dan Tipe Tanaman Padi terhadap Keparahan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Nuryanto, B.; Priyatmojo, A.; Hadisutrisno, B.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Sheath blight severity had been evaluated in the rice-producing centers of Central Java (along the road of Cilacap to Wonosobo) and Yogyakarta (along the road from Bantul to Sleman). Observations of the disease severity by survey method were conducted at farmersâ€™ fields. The objects of the observation areas were organized in a split plot design with 5 replications. The main plots were the elevation levels, grouped into three strata: 1) 0-200m, 2) 200-500m, and 3) 500-700m above sea level; the subplots were rice varietal types, which were separated into: 1) short type many tillers, 2) tall type with few tillers. The results showed that environment elevations and plant types of rice varieties significantly affected the disease severity. Compared to the lowland (0-200m), the high elevation environment (500-700m) decreased the disease severity around 25% at both Central Java and Yogyakarta, while compared with the short type many tiller rice varieties, the use of tall type few tiller rice varieties decreased the disease severity of around 10% in Central Java and in Yogyakarta. Increasing soil conductivity of about 1 milly Siemens/cm caused decreasing in disease severity up to 32.9%. Every 1 scale soil pH increase, caused a decrease in disease severity up to 2.4%. Ambient temperature increased by 1 Â°C caused the disease severity by 4.0% and an increase of 1% relative humidity lead to an increase of disease severity by 2.3%. In general, increases of soil conductivity and soil pH caused a decrease in disease severity, while increases in temperature and relative humidity of the environment under rice plant canopy resulted in the increase of disease severity.

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