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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014" : 9 Documents clear

Daya Gabung Inbred Jagung Pulut untuk Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida Santoso, Sigit Budi; H.G, M. Yasin; Faesal, Faesal
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Plant breeder utilizes performance of the experimental hybrid to study the effect of inbred parents on the hybrid development. Combining ability analyses using diallel mating indicates the potential heterosis effect on their hybrid combinations, which could be used in the breeding programs. Griffingâ€™s model II was used to measure the responses of F1 hybrids relative to the parents and the overall F1 performances. The experiment consisted of 8 waxy corn inbred parents each was crossed in half-diallel combinations, resulting of 36 entries, including the inbred parents. The entries were set in a randomized complete block design with two replications, 2 rows (5 m) for each plot. Research was conducted in Gowa District of South Sulawesi from April to July 2012. The objectives of the research were to obtain the phenotypic correlation, General Combining Ability (GCA), Spesific Combining ability (SCA) and the heterosis effect of the parents. Results showed there were significant effects of genotypes on all traits, except for the number of kernels per ear row. The highest phenotypic correlation for grain yield was with the ear diameter (r = 0.86). The GCA effect among genotypes for grain yield was not significant, but for the 1,000 seed weight, ear length, and ear diameter, each was significant. The highest GCA was obtained by P8, of 38,375 for 1,000 seed weight. The SCA was significant for yield and yield components, except for the row number per ear and kernel per ear row. The highest SCA was indicated by P1xP5, and the hybrid yielded 2.29 t/ha, with the mid parents heterosis of 71%. But, the highest grain yield of the hybrid was obtained by P4 x P8 of 2.32 t/ha with 51% heterosis. Based on the yield and SCA value, two spesifik hybrid combinations (P1 x P5; P4 x P8) were considered a good potential for waxy corn hybrid development

Kombinasi Ekstrak Rimpang Jahe dengan Insektisida Fipronil untuk Pengendalian Hama Trips pada Kacang Hijau Indiati, S. W.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus is an important pest on mungbean. Severe attack by thrips causes yield losses up to 64%. Control measure by combining the use of botanical and synthetic insecticides is expected to reduce the amount use of synthetic insecticides. The research was aimed to obtain the proper time and frequency applications of botanical and synthetic insecticides, most effectively control the thrips on mungbean. The research was conducted at Muneng research station during dry season of 2012. The treatment were arranged on randomized block design, three replications of 10 treatments. New mungbean varieties, Vima-1 was planted on plot of 20 m x 3 m, with 40 cm x 15 cm spacing, two plants per hill. Fertilization of 45 kg Urea + 45 kg SP36 + 50 kg KCl/ha were applied at planting. Observations were made on thrips populations, damages caused by thrips attack, grain yield and yield components. Results showed that the use of fipronil 2 ml/l at 10 days after planting (DAP) followed by application of ginger rhizome extract 20 g/l at 17; 24; 31 DAP and the use of fipronil 2 ml/l at 10 and 17 DAP followed by application of ginger rhizome extract 20 g/l at 24 and 31 DAP effective to control thrips, equivalent with the use of fipronil 2 ml / l at 10; 17; 24; 31 DAP . The use of ginger extract as botanical insecticide reduces the use of synthetic insecticide thus maintains the quality of environment by reducing the insecticide residue.

Stabilitas Hasil Galur-galur Harapan Padi Sawah Abdullah, Buang; Safitri, Heni
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The yield stability of genotype needs to be known before a genotype is released as new variety. The objective of this research was to identify yield and yield stability of rice breeding lines. Multilocational yield trials (MYTs) were conducted at nine locations in the 2009 dry and wet seasons. Ten promising lines were evaluated along with two control varieties, arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The result showed that five lines, i.e. B11007E-MR-3-2-PN-1-2, B10542FKN-90-1, B10533F-KN-12-2, B10543E-PN-17-1, and B10541F-KN-31-3 were considered as stable in all environments. The yield of four stable lines, i.e. B11007E-MR-3-2-PN-1-2, B10542F-KN-90-1, B10533F-KN-12-2, and B10541F-KN-31-3 each was not significantly different from Ciherang. The yield of glutinous rice line B10543E-PN-17-1 also was not significantly different from Ciasem. The yield stability and the agronomic appearance of these two lines were the same or better than those of Ciherang or Ciasem.

Pengaruh Pupuk Kandang dan Kesesuaian Varietas-Musim Tanam terhadap Hasil Padi Sawah Sumarno, Sumarno; Pratiwi, Gagad Restu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Adaptive variety and organic fertilizer are important components for rice cultural practices in a spesific agroecology. The research objectives were (1) to clarify the direct and the residual effect of manure on grain yield of rice, (2) to identify rice varieties most suitable for dry and for wet season planting. The research was conducted at Sukamandi Exp. Farm, West Java, during dry season (DS) of 2010 and wet season (WS) of 2010/2011, using a split-plot design with three replications. The main plots of DS experiment consisted of (1) recommended dosage of NPK (115 kg N + 50 kg P2O5 + 50 kg K2O/ha) and (2) 80% dosage of NPK + 5 t manure/ha. The WS experiment, main plots were (1) recommended NPK and (2) the residue of manure given in DS + 80% of the NPK. The subplots were fifteen improved varieties, each planted on plot 3.4 m x 5.4 m with 20 cm x 20 cm plant spacing. Data were collected for agronomic variables and grain yield. The DS 2010 experiment was attacked by brown planthopper (BPH), only two varieties, Inpari-8 and Inpari-13 were resistant, each yielded around 6 t/ha, while thirteen varieties were susceptible, yielded between 0.14 t to 3.9 t/ha. Application of 5 t manure/ha increased the averaged of biomass and grain yields by 9% and 10%, respectively, but were not consistent among varieties. In WS 2010/2011 experiment, the residual manure + 80% NPK decreased the averaged grain yield, but there was a significant interaction effect between fertilizer x variety. Seven varieties yielded less, six varieties yielded similar, and two varieties yielded more on the residual manure treatment, compared to that on no-manure treatment. Biomass weight, plant height, days to flowering, and days to harvesting, each was significantly correlated with grain yield. Five varieties were identified as suitable for WS planting, namely: Inpari-3, Inpari-10, Inpari-7, Ciherang, and Mekongga. When outbreak of BPH was suspected in the DS, Inpari-8 and Inpari-13 were suggested for planting. Suitable variety(ies) for season specific planting would optimize productivity, conversely, planting of unsuitable rice variety, during either DS or WS planting, would decreased the land production capacity.

Hasil Padi dari Empat Kelas Benih Yang Berbeda Mulsanti, Indria W.; Wahyuni, Sri; Sembiring, Hasil
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

There is conflicting informations regarding the advantages of planting of stock seed (SS) over Extension Seed (ES) classes. An experiment to study the effect of different seedclasses on grain yield and yield components of five rice varieties was carried out at two locations i.e. Sukamandi and Muara Field Station during the wet and dry season of 2009. The treatment consisted of five rice varieties, namely: Ciherang, Mekongga, IR64, Cigeulis and Situ Bagendit, and their respective seed classes: namely breeder seed, foundation seed, stock seed and extension seed. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications, where rice varieties were as main plots and seed classes as sub plots. Variables to be evaluated consisted of: quality of seed before sowing, plant growth, yield components and grain yield. Performance of the observed variable of each rice variety derived from four different seed-classes in each location and planting season were not significantly different. Differences of seed classes only affected the percentage of seed purity. There was no significant difference on the grain yield and the seed yield obtained from different seed classes of each variety. These results disprove the belief that the higher seed class the higher productivity, which was found to be a wrong perception. Seed certification is designed to maintain the genetic purity of variety and not to increase the productivity.

Daya Gabung Galur-galur Jagung Berkualitas Protein Tinggi Azrai, Muhammad; Mejaya, Made Jana; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Quality Protein Maize (QPM) is a special maize functioning as source of carbohydrate and protein, which contain protein components lysine and tryptophan higher than that of normal maize. Experiment was carried out to evaluate the combining abilities of inbred lines introgressed with opaque-2 mutant gene and their hybrid performances on grain yield and other agronomic characters. Genotype test consisted of eight lines, eight testers, sixty four hybrid crosses between lines x tester and four check varieties. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, with two replications, on the lowland in Walenreng (Bone) and on dry land in Bajeng (Gowa). Variance analyses were done following the line x tester model. Results showed that the effect of genotype x location interactions were significant for ear weight and yield characters. The grain yields of three lines showed positive and significant general combining ability those were Nei9008+o2-09 (L1), Nei9008+o2-14 (L3) and Nei9008 + o2-27 (L7), but for the tester was only MR10+o2-31 (T7). Another eight crosses were showing significant effect for specific combining ability, but only combination of Nei9008+o2-09 and o2+MR10-31 lines was significantly superior to all check hybrids.

Dosis Pupuk dan Jarak Tanam Optimal Varietas Unggul Baru Padi Ikhwani, Ikhwani
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Yield performance of rice varieties could be increased by optimizing plant spacing and fertilizer rate. The experiment was aimed to study the response of new rice varieties to fertilizer rates and plant spacing in two seasons (April 2012-April 2013) at farmerâ€™s field, in Cianjur district, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design with 3 replications. The main plots were fertilizer rates: P1 was the present local recommendation (Urea = 100 kg/ha, Phonska= 300 kg/ha; organic fertilizer = 500 kg/ha), applied at 14 days after transplanting. P2 was the proposed recommended rate, based on SIPAPUKDI, Urea = 320 kg/ha, SP36 = 70 kg/ha, KCl = 130 kg/ha, applied at 7 dat, 21 dat and 42 dat (before flower initiation stage). Sub plots were plant spacing; T1 was local practice (equal spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm) and T2 was paired-rows Legowo 2:1 (25 cm-50 cm x 12.5 cm); Sub-sub plots were rice varieties, V1 was the best site variety (Mekongga), V2 was Inpari 14, V3 was Inpari 17 and V4 was Inpari 6. The sub-sub plot size was 8 m x 5 m, with the total of 48 plots per replication. The highest grain yields in the first planting season was 8.68 t dry grains/ha, produced by Inpari 17 planted with pairedrows legowo 2:1, followed by Mekongga (8.22 t dry grains/ha) with the same planting method. In the second season Mekongga variety produced 8.10 t dry grains/ha followed by Inpari 14 (8.08 t dry grains/ha) applied with the local recommended rate of fertilizer.There was no plant spacing effect on yield in the second season.

Stabilitas Hasil Jagung Hibrida Silang Tunggal Andayani, Nining Nurini; Sunarti, Sri; Azrai, Muhammad; Praptana, R. Heru
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Genotype x environment interaction is of major concern to the plant breeder in developing new varieties. The present research objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance and yield stability of hybrid maize in eight locations during dry season. A randomize block design with three replications was applied to the experiment in each location. The combined analyses of variance showed that hybrid x location interaction effects were highly significant for all characters, except for number of rows per ear. Hybrid test Hybk-03 showed the highest grain yield in all locations, except in Maros and in Pandu, and did significantly higher than both check varieties in Bajeng, Muneng, Sleman and Bligo. There was no hybrid indicating stable yield in all locations based on AMMI 2 and Biplot analyses, but five hybrids were indicating specific adaptation. The specific hybrids adaptation was as follow: Hybk-02 in Bajeng, Hybk-03 in Bajeng and in Bligo, Hybk-09 in Bajeng and in Sleman, DK 3 and Bima 2 in Bajeng and in Pandu.

Perbanyakan Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) dan Ubi Kelapa (Dioscorea alata) Menggunakan Bibit Set Mini Diantina, Surya; Hutami, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Ubi kelapa and Gembili are potential sources of fungsional food, because of their high nutrition content. But their production and utilization in Indonesia remains lack behind, due to their low economic value, requiring long cultivation period and high number of tuber-seeds. Experiment was conducted to identify an efficient seed propagation method using miniset cutting. The experiment was carried out at Cikeumeuh ExperimentalStation, Bogor from December 2011 to January 2013. Tuber-seeds of ubi kelapa was divided into miniset cutting of two, six and eight cuttings. For gembili, tubers were cut into two, three and four miniset cuttings. The whole tuber was served as control. Cutting were germinated in polybag, after 30 days the plants were transferred to the field. Each treatment was replicated six times, with one mother tuber as an experimental unit. Plant derived from tuber without cutting produced 463 grams of ubi kelapa seed, while tuber cut into 8 miniset cutting produced 2,986 grams, where the number of tuber seeds were 3 times more than that without cutting. Gembili cut into 4 miniset cutting produced 315 grams of tuber seed with the number of tuber seed 6 times more than that without cutting. Using the miniset cutting could speed up the rate of propagation of both gembili and ubi kelapa seeds.

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