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Civil Engineering Journal

cej
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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May" : 6 Documents clear

Finite Element Analysis of Load Bearing Capacity of a Reinforced Concrete Frame Subjected to Cyclic Loading Mahdi Bamdad; Abdolreza Sarvghad Moghadam; Mohammad Javad Mehrani
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Many methods have been developed in order to study the impact behavior of solids and structures. Two common methods are finite element and experimental method. The nonlinear finite element method is one the most effective methods of predicting the behavior of RC beams from zero-load to failure and its fracture, yield and ultimate strengths. The advantage of this method is its ability to make this prediction for all sections of the assessed RC beam and all stages of loading. This paper compares the experimental results obtained for a RC frame with the numerical results calculated by ABAQUS software, and plots both sets of results as hysteresis–displacement diagrams. This comparison shows that the numerical FEM implemented via ABAQUS software produce valid and reliable results for load bearing capacity of RC frames subjected to cyclic loads, and therefore has significant cost and time efficiency advantages over the alternative approach

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Shear Retrofitting of RC Beams by Prefabricated UHPFRC Sheets Kian Aghani; Hassan Afshin
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Different methods are used for retrofitting RC members. One of the new methods in this field is using externally bonded fiber-reinforced Concrete (FRC) sheets in order to increase RC member’s shear and flexural strength. In this study, applicability of ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete sheets in shear and flexural retrofitting of RC beams was investigated. In total, eight RC beams (dimensions 10×20×150 cm) with two different bending capacity and lack of shear strength were used and were tested in 3-points bending test. Of these, four were control beams and four were retrofitted with laterally bonded UHPFRC sheets. Dimensions of the sheets used for retrofitting were (3×15×126 cm). Also FEM analysis was used to model the effect of The method. the results show that this method can be well used for retrofitting RC beams. In this method the way of connecting sheets to beam’s surfaces has a fundamental role in behavior of retrofitted beams.

Modelling of Crack Propagation in Layered Structures Using Extended Finite Element Method Nasaj Moghaddam, Hesamoddin; Keyhani, Ali; Aghayan, Iman
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Crack propagation in structures is an important issue which is engineers and designers should consider. Modeling crack propagation in structures and study the behavior of this phenomenon can give a better insight to engineers and designers for selecting the constructionâ€™s materials. Extended finite element method (XFEM) was used successfully in the past few years for simulating crack initiation and propagation in sophisticated and complex geometries in elastic fracture mechanics. In this paper, crack propagation in three-point bending beam including initial crack was modeled based on ABAQUS software. The following consequences were attained through the study of simulation data. First, the effects of youngâ€™s modulus and fracture energy on force-displacement curve at three-point bending beam were investigated. It was observed that, by increasing the value of youngâ€™s modulus and fracture energy, three-point bending beam was showed more load carrying against initiation. Second, in multi-layer beam, the effect of youngâ€™s modulus on force-displacement curve was investigated. In case I (the thin upper layer is harder than the substrate) the value of youngâ€™s modulus in substrate was kept constant and the amount of youngâ€™s modulus in thin layer was risen in each step rather than the substrate, the peak in force-displacement curve was ascended and three-point bending beam resisted better against crack initiation. Next, similar conditions was considered in case II (the thin upper layer is softer than the substrate), by decreasing the value of youngâ€™ modulus in top layer, peak in force-displacement curve was declined and crack initiation was happened in lower loading in each step. Finally, sensitivity analysis for thickness of top layer was conducted and the impact of this parameter was studied.

An Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Durability of Concrete Containing Silica Fume and Fly Ash Ali Sadr Momtazi; Behzad Tahmouresi; Reza Kohani Khoshkbijari
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Nowadays pozzolans are used vastly in civil projects. Pozzolan is a natural or artificial material containing active silica that increase the strength and improves some properties of concrete. In this survey for investigating some important properties of concrete, silica fume and fly ash was used in replacement of cement in different weights. Concrete compositions were made with water-cement ratio of 0.45 and cured under the same conditions. The main focus of this survey is to investigate the individual and combined effect of using Pozzolan on mechanical properties, permeability and shrinkage of concrete. The mechanical properties of concrete in compressive and bending strength at the age of 7, 28 and 90 days, were evaluated. Permeability was investigated with the water absorption test. The drying shrinkage of concrete was monitored for 90 days. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images was used in concrete cement based matrix morphology. The results showed that the addition of pozzolan increases the mechanical strength and reduce permeability and increase the drying shrinkage in some mixtures.

Effect of Foundation Nonlinearity on Seismic Response of an Existing Arch Dam Parisa Parsa Mahmoudi; Hasan Mirzabozorg; Mehdi Varmazyari; Seyyed Meisam Aghajanzadeh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In the present paper, the effect of foundation nonlinearity on the seismic response of an existing arch dam is investigated. Luzzone arch dam in Switzerland is selected as a case study. The foundation nonlinearity is originated from opening/slipping of joints between a potential wedge at the left abutment and remaining foundation. Reservoir's water is assumed compressible and the coupled system is solved simultaneously. Also, the foundationis assumed massed medium via viscous boundary on the far-end truncated boundary. Two cases are considered in the analyses; the system applying reservoir pressure on the foundation; the system with no reservoir pressure applied on the foundation. The results reveal that the ignoringreservoir pressure on the foundation overestimates the response of the dam body. Finally, based on the conducted analyses, considering foundation nonlinearity has no significant effect on the results in the considered case due to special design of the body shape.

Numerical Study of Energy Dissipation of Pooled Stepped Spillways Khosro Morovati; Afshin Eghbalzadeh; Saba Soori
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 5 (2016): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Water transferring to the dam downstream creates high levels of kinetic energy. Stepped spillways are amongst the most effective spillways in reducing the kinetic energy of the flow moving towards the downstream. The geometry of the steps in stepped spillways can affect the reduction of kinetic energy of the flow transferring to the downstream. Therefore, in this study the effect of different number of steps and discharge on flow pattern especially energy dissipation were investigated. The VOF method was used to simulate the flow surface and the k-ε (RNG) turbulence model was used for flow turbulence simulation. Comparing the results obtained from the numerical simulation with the experimental data indicated an acceptable level of consistency. Comparing the obtained results showed that decreasing the number of the steps of pooled stepped spillways reduced flow velocity and increased the relative energy dissipation at the end of the spillway. Decreasing the number of steps increased the turbulent kinetic energy value. Also, the maximum turbulent kinetic energy was obtained near the step’s pool. Moreover the results indicated that the value of turbulent kinetic energy increased along the spillway.

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