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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September" : 15 Documents clear

Characteristics of the Construction Industry from the Marketing Viewpoint: Challenges and Solutions Mahmood Mokhtariani; Mohammad Hassan Sebt; Hamid Davoudpour
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Marketing management plays a crucial role in successful companies. However, marketing has been either misunderstood or entirely neglected in numerous construction companies because it is difficult to apply conventional marketing strategies due to specific characteristics of the industry. This study systematically investigates the characteristics of the construction industry and their effects on marketing management. A systematic literature review covering scientific papers from 1995 to 2015 (556 scientific papers) identifies 16 characteristics, which are organized into two main categories—the construction industry and construction product-related industry. 'Fragmentation' was the most highlighted characteristic.A total of 10 identified characteristics, according to the experts' opinions gathered through the questionnaire, may affect the construction marketing, of which "competitive bidding mechanism" and "project-based nature of the industry" have the greatest effect. Through a combination of literature review and focus group study, the challenges resulting from each of these 10 particularities regarding various dimensions of marketing are examined and practical solutions are suggested for overcoming these challenges. The main suggestion is the modification of the traditional marketing mix (4Ps) by eliminating “place” and adding four elements—profile, pooling, phase, and presenter. Therefore, a tailored marketing mix for construction companies is developed, with seven elements (7Ps). Moreover, marketing research and marketing intelligence systems are vital marketing tools for construction companies and should allocate adequate resources and responsible staffing levels for these activities.

Finite Element Analysis of Tie Beams under the Effect of Differential Settlement of Isolated Footings Ali Basha; Magdy Salama
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Tie beams that constructed to connect isolated footings are very widely used. The differential settlement between the isolated footings is the main loading case to design the tie beams. In this paper, finite element method is used to determine the straining actions in tie beams under the effect of differential settlement to get clear relations between tie beams straining actions and all the parameters that affect in the design of these tie beams. The parameters included in this paper are the clear length between footings, moment of inertia of tie beam, footings dimensions, soil bearing capacity and the differential settlement value. Charts were presented to show the effect of each parameter in the straining actions of tie beams that can be simply used by design engineers.

Water Management Using System Dynamics Modeling in Semi-arid Regions Hamid Reza Nassery; Rouhollah Adinehvand; Abdalrahim Salavitabar; Reza Barati
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Quantitative control and safe exploitation of water resources are crucial components for the sustainable development of any region due to increasing water scarcity, especially in arid and semiarid regions. A proper water resources management program of the Tabriz plain is necessary because of the groundwater excessive exploitation and the surface water limitations. The present study aims to develop a system dynamics (SD) model not only to identify safe groundwater level fluctuations and exploitation but also to determine the amount of supply and deficits of municipal-industry and agricultural uses by considering various water management strategies. The integrated water resources including surface and groundwater resources were included in the analyses. The considered alternatives are the development of sewage collection networks, enhancement of agricultural efficiency, climate changes effects, artificial recharge and changes of the allocation of the surface and groundwater in supplying water needs. SD modeling application showed that if the current management policy was continued, the users will face a crisis of the water supply for various uses in the future. Increase in agricultural efficiency, reducing in groundwater extraction and artificial recharge in Tabriz plain must be considered to prevent the crisis. The current model provides a better understanding of the principal challenge of balancing supply and demand with regards to drastic changes of water resources in arid or semiarid regions.

A Modern Method to Improve of Detecting and Categorizing Mechanism for Micro Seismic Events Data Using Boost Learning System Saeed Ghorbani; Morteza Barari; Mojtaba Hosseini
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Various natural disasters such as floods, fires, earthquakes, etc. have affected human life. Detection and classification of large and small earthquakes caused by natural or abnormal events have been always important to Earth scientist. One of the most important research challenges in this field is the lack of an effective method for identifying and categorizing various types of seismic events at less important and important levels. Based on latest achievements of Data Mining international institutions such as Rexer-KDnugget-Gartner and also newest authentic articles, SVM, KNN, C4.5, MLP are from most important and popular and leading classifiers in data world. Therefor in present study, a boost learning system consisting support vector machine algorithms with linear regression, MLP Neural Network ، C4.5 decision tree and KNN near neighbourhood have been utilized in a combined form to detect and categorize micro seismic events. In general, the steps involved in the proposed method are: 1) performing artificial seismic tests, 2) data gathering and analysis, 3) conducting pre-processing and separating training and testing samples, 4) generating relevant models with training samples and detecting and clustering test samples and 5) extracting a cluster with the maximum candidate using boost learning. After simulations, it was observed that the accuracy of proposed boost method to the best answer was about 6.1% higher compare to other methods and the error rate was 0.082% of recalling. Accuracy of detection and classification to the best answer were also improved compare to other methods up to 2.31% and 6.34%, respectively.

Evaluation of the Response of Buried Steel Pipelines Subjected to the Strike-slip Fault Displacement Oghabi, Mohsen; Khoshvatan, Mehdi; Marto, Aminaton
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In this paper, the response of buried steel pipeline subjected to the strikeâ€“slip fault displacement is studied. This study aimed to identify the seismic fault under the pipe at the intersection of large displacement (up to 3 meter fault displacement) and identify failure modes in the pipe. Innovation studies the effect of thickness ratio of the diameter of the pipe failure modes of the fault displacement. The nonlinear finite element method analysis was conducted. By using ABAQUS software, nonlinear finite element analysis was carried out on the pipeline under fault displacement. Numerical modelling aimed at obtaining the amount of displacement corresponding to the nonlinear behaviour in the pipeline, as well as identifying failure modes pipes in displacement from 0.2 to 3 meter in diameter to thickness ratio, taking into account the impact of the pipeline. The results showed the nonlinear behaviour of the displacement 57.5 cm pipeline damage starts and the displacement of 1 meter buckling occurs in pipes. The displacement of 1 meter fault, failure mode is local buckling pipe, and displacement and deformation of the pipe is 1 meter looks like the letter S. The displacement of 1.5 meter high (3 meter) failure mode tube is wrinkling. And deformation of the pipe in the fault displacement of 1.5 meter, like the letter Z. With the increase in displacement from 1.5 meter to high wrinkling occurs in pipes and up to 3 meter displacement continues. Plastic strain in the fault displacement of 80 cm in diameter to thickness ratio of 112 and 96 occurs, Plastic strain ratio of diameter to thickness of 86 does not occur. Reduction in the diameter of the thickness has a positive impact on reducing plastic strain in the pipe.

Study on Groundwater Quality Using Geographic Information System (GIS), Case Study: Ardabil, Iran Ghasemlounia, Redvan; Sedaghat Herfeh, Nasim
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This study involves the analysis of water resources pollution data using Geographic Information System (GIS), which is a subset of the purposes such as: study on the status (situaion) of the aquifer, the natural and man-made effects on aquifer quality, evaluation and investigation of quality monitoring results of Ardabil aquifer, study on quality limitations by comparing the results of analysis of wet and dry seasons from water resources with selected standards. Therefore, samples were collected from76 wells, in this region, for the purpose of the aquifer water quality assessment, identification of changing process of pollution and statistical analysis of quality parameters included NTU, TDS, Nitrates and Chloride. Afterwards, maps for each parameter were produced in the geographic information system (GIS) using scientific methods. Thereupon, situation and condition of water quality was measured by quality mapping index of NSFWQ and was applied for whole the basin. This maps and database, which were created by the software, provide and offer an obvious view of what happened in the study area. As a result, it could be applied for a better management of these water resources and planning to prevent further pollution, by relevant organizations.

Partial Replacement of Limestone and Silica Powder as a Substitution of Cement in Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Zareei, Seyed Alireza; Ameri, Farshad; Dorostkar, Farzan; Shiran, Shahriar
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

With increasing trends towards the broader usage of concrete and warning depletion of natural resources of aggregates, it seems reasonable to find mineral additives or binding materials of different types as ingredient of concrete.Â Accordingly, wide usage of light weight concrete lies on some main structural applications as reduction of total dead, seismic loads, environmental pollution, and labour cost. This paper tries to investigate the properties of light weight blended concrete containing lime stone powder (LP), micro-silica (MS), pumice, and leca in various proportioning rateing as a partial replacements of cement. Utilization of these additives on the compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption coefficient, acid resistance, and impact resistance examined experimentally in various curing conditions at the ages of 7 and 28 days to evaluate the combined effect of micro-silica and lime stone incorporation on strength and durability properties of light weight concrete, along with introduction of optimum replacements. For this purpose, 10 lime-stone based concrete mixtures were prepared with proportions from 0 to 20%, and constant values of 10% micro-silica and w/c ratio. From the results, it was indicated that addition of lime stone powder in concrete reduces short-term properties as well as the compressive strength. Optimum levels of powder replacements can serve as sustainable and durable concrete, also environmental and economic benefits.

Analysis of the Urban Water Requisition Demand for the Purpose of Re-engineering and Water Network Optimization (Case Study: Tabriz' Eram Urban Area) Aida Bagheri Basmenji; Alireza Mojtahedi; Aliyeh Rezayi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Water shortage is one of the most important challenges of this century and it would be a serious obstacle for the mankind. In the near future, drinking water supply and water resources management will be at the forefront of planning for urban managers, which is becoming a crisis due to the serious shortage of water resources. This problem is more critical in country of Iran, where water depletion is now receiving serious attention. Different water management programs have been started by government to conserve and manage water more efficiently, especially in some critical areas such as Tabriz megacity located in North East of the country. Eram town is one of the problematic areas of Tabriz. Hence, in this study, we tried to do reengineering for this town to offer some solutions for the problems related with water supplying of the implemented network in this region. Regarding this issue, the GIS (Geographic information system) data of the available water supply network was used and the collected field data such as consumption rates in current conditions were applied to the network. Then the calibration of model was performed. Eram Town water distribution network reengineering has been performed considering a 2043 plan, taking into account population growth and the increase in consumption. In conclusion, it is suggested that, the network will perform more efficiently by adding new pipes or modifying the existing pipes. Also, the problem of lack of pressure in some parts of the network which cannot fulfill the requirements of subscribers at peak water usage hours, could be solved.

Flood Analysis in Karkheh River Basin using Stochastic Model Karim Hamidi Machekposhti; Hossein Sedghi; Abdolrasoul Telvari; Hossein Babazadeh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This study analyzed the annual streamflow of Karkheh River in Karkheh river basin in the west of Iran for flood forecasting using stochastic models. For this purpose, we collected annual stremflow (peak and maximum discharge) during the period from 1958 to 2015 in Jelogir Majin hydrometric station (upstream of Karkheh dam reservoir). A time series model (stochastic model or ARIMA) has three stages consists of: model identification, parameter estimation and diagnostic check. Model identification was done by visual inspection on the Autocorrelation and Partial Autocorrelation Function. Three types of ARIMA(p,d,q) models (0,1,1), (1,1,1) and (4,1,1) suggested for the studied series. The suggested model parameters were computed using the Maximum Likelihood (ML), Conditional Least Square (CLS) and Unconditional Least Square (ULS) methods. In model verification, the chosen criterion for model parsimony was the Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and the diagnostic checks include independence of residuals. The best ARIMA model for this series was (4,1,1), with their AIC values of 88.9 and 77.8 for annual peak and maximum streamflow respectively. Forecast series up to a lead time of ten years future (2006 to 2015) were generated using the accepted ARIMA models. Model accuracy was checked by comparing the predicted and observation series by coefficient of determination (R2). Results show that the ARIMA model was adequate for the flood analysis in Karkheh River and the forecast of the series in short time at future.

Status and Challenges of Medical Waste Management in Hospitals of Iran Eslami, Akbar; Nowrouz, Parviz; Sheikholeslami, Samira
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 9 (2017): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Medical waste is of great importance due to its hazardous nature that can cause undesirable effects on humans and the environment. This study focuses on medical waste management in hospitals of Iran. Data were collected based on questionnaires and for self-report of medical waste management. The results along with other information were sent to the ministry of health network system. Results indicated that the mean generation rate of non-hazardous and sharp and infectious and total wastes in Iran were, respectively, 1.84, 1.09 (36.9% of total waste generated) and 2.98 kg/bed/day. Chemical waste generation rate in Iran is 0.02 kg/bed/day (0.68%) that relative to infectious waste and total waste generation rate is much lower which could be due to improper segregation of medical wastes. There is significant differences between private and governmental hospitals, in terms of infectious and sharp waste generation rates (P=0.027). Also there are significant differences between specialized and general hospitals in group of non-hazardous waste (P=0.039), infectious waste (P=0.001) and total waste generation rate (P=0.02). 65.41% of governmental hospitals used autoclave for infectious waste treatment. In the private and governmental hospitals 14.8% and 24.29%, respectively not have any treatment devices and hazardous waste was disposed without treatment.

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