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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 22 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October" : 22 Documents clear

Mitigation Measures for Significant Factors Instigating Cost Overrun in Highway Projects Samiullah Sohu; Abd Halid Bin Abdullah; Bashir Ahmed Memon; Sasitharan Nagapan; Nadeem Ul Kareem Bhatti
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Construction industry has created numerous employment opportunities and playing a role model in economic growth of Pakistan. This industry is facing serious and critical problem of cost overrun especially in highway sector in country Pakistan particularly in Sindh Province. The purpose of this study is to identify mitigation measures for significant factors of cost overrun in highway projects of Sindh Province. In this study, mixed-mode research approach has been used. Quantitatively, a structured questionnaire based on 64 common factors of cost overrun from in-depth literature review was developed and distributed to30 selected respondents among the client, contractor and consultant having more than 15 years of experience in handling highway projects in Sindh Province. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS where 8 most significant factors of cost overrun were identified. Qualitatively, the identified eight most significant factors were then incorporated in open ended questionnaire and distributed to 30 selected experts for them to write possible mitigation measures for each of the significant factors. The data was then analyzed through content analysis technique to rank the mitigation measures according to their substantiality. The results of this study would be helpful for construction practitioners to be used as reference in taking up appropriate measures in controlling cost overrun in highways projects in Pakistan.

Effect of Rice Husk Ash and Water-Cement Ratio on Strength of Concrete Bheel, Naraindas; Meghwar, Shanker Lal; Abbasi, Suhail Ahmed; Marwari, Lal Chand; Mugeri, Jabbar Ahmed; Abbasi, Rameez Ali
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In present status quo, number of researcher are working on waste materials as potential supplement for any of the constituent of concrete to cope with sustainable development. As, the ingredients which constitute the body and give strength to concrete are natural available limited material and has to deplete one day. Thus, there is desperately need of alternate that may replace the limited natural resources. In this regard, this study focuses the rice husk ash (waste stuff) as partial replacement of cement and its possible impact on strength of concrete. In addition, this research work also this research work is conducted to investigate the effect of water-cement ratio on the strength of concrete at 10% partially replacement of Rice husk ash (RHA) by the weight of cement. RHA is a mineral admixture obtained by burning husk at certain temperature. Since as per pervious researches, the physical and chemical properties of RHA are very reactive Pozzolans and possess binding properties so can be used as cement supplement. Therefore, for laboratory experimental work, total 144 cubical and 72 cylindrical. In this research, number of concrete specimens were cast and tested at 1:2:4 mix ratio with various w/c ratios i.e. 0.45, 0.50 and 0.60. Further, at each specified water-cement ratio, two mechanical properties (compressive and splitting tensile strength) were determined in Universal Testing Machine (UTM). These physical properties of concrete were investigated at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days curing period. The experimental results show that the compressive strength gets increased up to 14.51% and tensile splitting test strength increased up to 10.71% at the w/c ratio of 0.45. The workability of plain fresh concrete at all w/c ratios is slightly greater than the workability of concrete blended with 10% RHA. Thus, RHA improves the properties of concrete when used in specific amount. As a result, it can reduce the overall cost of construction and it will reduce the adverse environmental effect.Â

Determination of Multilayer Soil Strength Parameters Using Genetic Algorithm Hashemi, Seyyed Mohammad; Rahmani, Iraj
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This paper employs a back analysis method to determine soil strength parameters of the Mohr-Coulomb model from in situ geotechnical measurements. The lateral displacement of a soil nailed wall retaining an excavation in Tehran city used as a criterion for the back analysis. For this purpose, a genetic algorithm is applied as an optimization algorithm to minimize the error function, which can perform the back analysis process. When the accuracy of modeling is verified, the back analysis is performed automatically by creating a link between genetic algorithm in MATLAB and Abaqus software using Python programming language. This paper demonstrated that the genetic algorithm is a particularly suitable tool to determine 9 soil strength parameters simultaneously for 3 soil layers of the project site to decrease the difference of lateral displacement between the results of project monitoring and numerical analysis. The soil strength parameters have increased, with the most changes in Young's modulus of the first to third layers as the most effective parameter, 49.45%, 61.67% and 64.35% respectively. The results can be used in advanced engineering analyses and professional works.

Deformation and Resilient Behavior of Hot and Warm Mix Asphalt Concrete Zainalabidine Nihad Abd Al-Mahdi; Saad Issa Sarsam
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Development of hazardous gases emissions through the production and construction of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) have encouraged the transition to Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) which is considered as one of the best choices of sustainable materials in asphalt pavement. The temperature reduction in the mixing, handling, and compaction of the mix gets in saving energy, cutting emissions and significant cuts in construction costs. In this investigation, two WMA mixtures have been prepared in the laboratory using medium curing cutback (MC-30) and cationic emulsion asphalt. HMA mixture was also prepared for comparison. Marshall size Specimens of (101.6 mm) in diameter and (63.5 mm) in height were constructed from these mixtures and subjected to repeated Indirect Tensile Strength test (ITS) to determine the effect of asphalt type and content on deformation and resilient behavior of asphalt mixture. Another group of cylindrical specimens of (101.6 mm) diameter and (101.6 mm) in height have been constructed from these mixtures and subjected to repeated compressive stresses test to determine the rutting resistance of asphalt mixture. Test results were analyzed and compared. It was concluded that, the permanent deformations for cutback and emulsion treated WMA was higher than that of HMA by (50 and 35) % respectively. The Resilient Modulus (Mr) at 25 ⁰C under repeated (ITS) for cutback and emulsion treated WMA was lower than that of HMA by (39.95 and 27.94) % respectively. On the other hand, the (Mr) for cutback and emulsion treated WMA was higher than that of HMA by (43.75 and 5.47) % respectively under repeated compression load at stress level 0.138 (MPa).

Practical Approaches Toward Sustainable Development in Iranian Green Construction Mohammad Reza Darabpour; Mehrab Darabpour; Javad Majrouhi Sardroud; John Smallwood; Gholamali Tabarsa
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Developed nations acknowledge sustainable development as a legal right for current and future generations. Although instances of domestic and international efforts are prevalent, there is a long way to go before accomplishing developmental ideals. A practical approach for realizing the vital goals of sustainable development is of the utmost importance. In effect, the construction sector requires extensive forward-looking studies for strategizing, building and granting a sustainable future. The inconsistency between the goals and activities of different sectors is a main impediment upon undertaking sustainable development’s goals; decision and lawmakers must consider the purpose and interests of the building industry on a micro and macro level. This paper is a brief review for understanding the concept of sustainable development and illustrates some of the international efforts, and highlights them for decision makers. Using the ‘PESTLE’ analysis technique, external and internal factors influencing sustainability in the Iranian construction sector were identified. Interviews were conducted with experts using the ‘Snowball’ research method due to the lack of knowledgeable respondents in the subject area. 11 Practical steps needed in Iran were recommended and sorted by their importance to make this vision a reality. The results can be generalized to other disciplines as well.

Analysis of the Challenges and Technical Solutions for Revitalization of Traditional Buildings in Hot and Humid Climate (Case Study: Anthropology Museum of Local Residents in Kish Island) Soroush Nikeghbali; Ali Damavandi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In every nation ancient buildings are rich sources for inspiration from local traditional architecture. Manu of such buildings still have potentials for conservation and renovation. This article reviews the issue of revitalization of old traditional buildings in south part of Iran with hot and humid climate. The key technical challenges of revitalization and renovation of such buildings were explored via literature review. Then, the technical solution for such challenges were identified via cases study analysis. In order to reach comprehensive and practical solutions, tree key field of built environment studies which are architecture, structure and infrastructure design were explored together. The case study for this research was the project of revitalization of a traditional building into “Anthropology Museum of Local Residents” in Kish Island. The analysis and case study showed that most of the technical challenges for revitalization of such buildings are resolvable via simple solutions. Based on this, economic and socio-cultural supports of local authorities and planning departments are necessary in order to make such revitalization projects more feasible.

Effect of Soil and Structure Nonlinear Interaction on the Efficiency of Tuned Mass Damper Hamid Masaeli; Mehdi Panahi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In this paper, three 10, 15, and 20-story two-dimensional concrete structures have been used with a moment frame bearing system as models under analysis. First, using various time history analyses by the OpenSees software, the optimal parameters of the tuned mass damper (TMD), including frequency and mass, were obtained. Structures controlled with and without TMD were modelled on three soft, moderate, and hard soil types classified according to Code 2800. The models were analyzed in terms of time history by 7 ground motions. In order to take into account the nonlinear interaction of soil and structure, the model of the beam on nonlinear Winkler foundation has been used. The results show that nonlinear interaction in most cases reduces the efficiency of TMD. Moreover, as the soil becomes softer, the efficiency reduction of the mass damper increases.

Evaluation of Æ²-Lnp' Curves for the Stabilization of Saline Clayey Soils Haratian, Mehrdad; Bagherzadeh Khalkhali, Ahad
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Saline soils are one of the challengeable soils that can cause many problems in civil engineering designs. In this study, volume change behavior and stress path changes in the Æ²-Lnp' space of these soils, and the effect of stabilization and reinforcement on them have been investigated. Case study of this research is Amirkabir Highway between Qom and Kashan. In 54th Km of this highway, road surface is distorted and it is observed that its soil is saline clay in field investigation; and considering surface flow of water in that place, it is induced that, probably, the presence of water causes such a condition. For this purpose, after sampling and conducting preliminary experiments such as particle size analysis, Atterberg limits and compaction, first of all, the soil of considered place was examined by swelling potential and consolidation tests. as a result, volume change behavior parameters of undisturbed and disturbed soils have been determined and it was specified that disturbed soil has a considerable swelling potential. Then swelling potential and consolidation tests have been conducted on stabilized samples with different amount and curing time of lime, epoxy â€“ resin polymer and also reinforced samples with different amount of polypropylene fiber; moreover, their results for two cases of stabilized and non-stabilized samples have been compared. According to the results of the consolidation experiments and the potential for swelling, it is observed that the impaction strongly affects the volume behavior and the soil stress path. The comparison among swelling parameters (free swelling and swelling pressure) of stabilized samples with polymer and lime and reinforced samples with polypropylene fiber showed that all of these materials reduce free swelling, but for the case of swelling pressure, with 9 % of polymer swelling pressure increases and for other cases this pressure decreases, that this issue is one of disadvantages of polymer stabilization. The results obtained from the consolidation test indicate that the slope of the normal consolidation line Î» and the swell line slope Îº in the stabilized samples are smaller than the unstabilized samples.

Investigating Effects of Coal Flotation Waste on Aged Hot Mix Asphalt Performance Abbastabardelavar, Mohammadreza; Izadi, Amir; Asadiamiri, Fereshte
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of fresh and old coal flotation waste (coal waste), used as asphalt filler and additive, on the properties of hot asphalt mixtures in aged and un-aged condition. In this experimental study, fresh and old coal flotation waste, obtained from the Central Alborz Coal Washing Plant, were used to produce filler specimens (100% Wt.) as substitutes for limestone powder and asphalt additive (7% w.t). Finally, the performance of the asphalt mixture containing flotation waste was evaluated using Marshall Stability and indirect tensile tests. The afore-mentioned compounds were used to produce specimens under short-term aging conditions and the results were compared with other results obtained under un-aged condition. The results indicate that flotation waste improved performance of hot mix asphalt under short-term aging conditions.

Analyzing Design Principles of Biophilic Neighborhoods Asadzadeh, Elham; Yousefi Ahmadchali, Maryam
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2018): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In current century, cities face rapidly evolving challenges, including climate change, resource shortages, population growth and urbanization, and financial pressures. Biophilic urbanism is an emerging design principle capable of considering the multidimensional and interdependent complexities of urban systems and infrastructure, which through the use of natural design features, can meet societyâs inherent need for contact with nature, and assist efforts to respond to these growing challenges. The purpose of this research is assessment Biophilic criteria in Iran metropolitan. In this research has been mentioned five criteria and 15 patterns. The quantitative and qualitative methods has been used. Data collection methods are observation and questionnaire. Also, has been used AHP method in order to comparison between criteria and patterns. Findings show the most important criteria is biodiversity in order to achieving biophilic neighborhood. Other principles are bio mimicry, prospect, and the sense of playfulness, enigmatic.

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