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Civil Engineering Journal

cej
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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 21 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March" : 21 Documents clear

Developing a Risk Management Framework in Construction Project Based on Agile Management Approach Mohammed Neamah Ahmed; Sawsan Rasheed Mohammed
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Construction projects in nature, carry a lot of risks, and unpredictable conditions. Thus, flexible management is required for the purpose of efficient responding to the various changes appear during their implementation. As an attempt to deal with risk in the construction project, this research aims at proposing a risk management framework in construction projects that built based on Agile management concept, which is a sequence of procedure deals with the project’ primary vision to its final delivery. The risk management framework will trace alignment and discover a contact between Agile and traditional project management concepts and find contact points among two of the more used Agile frameworks (Scrum) and one of the more confirmed project management framework (PMBOK®) processes. This will result in a recognition of comparable areas between Scrum and PMBOK® processes. The goal of the framework is to assist the project managers to adapt a more flexible approach to managing and implementing the construction project. The results proved that Agile management process from the create prioritized project backlog, sprint planning, sprint review, to sprint retrospective procedures and less time of the cycle, eliminate or mitigate many risks that lead to project challenges and failure.

The Responses of an End-Bearing Pile to Adjacent Multipropped Excavation: 3D Numerical Modelling Mangnejo, Dildar Ali; Mangi, Naeem; Hemu, Hemu
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

It is well recognised that superstructure load is transferred to surrounding soil through piled foundation. Consequently, the high stress regime (stress bulb) is generated surrounding of the pile. On the other hand, the excavation in the ground inevitably results in the ground movement due to induced-stress release. These excavations are sometimes inevitable to be constructed adjacent to existing piled foundations. This condition leads to a big challenge for engineers to assess and protect the integrity of piled foundation. This research presents three-dimensional coupled consolidation analyses (using clay hypoplastic constitutive model which takes account of small-strain stiffness) to investigate the responses of an end-bearing pile due to adjacent excavation at different depths in soft clay. The effects of excavation depths (i.e., formation level) relative to pile were investigated by simulating the excavation near the pile shaft (i.e., case S) and next to (case T). It was revealed that the maximum induced bending moment in the pile after completion of excavation in all the cases is much less than the pile bending moment capacity (i.e. 800 kNm). Comparing the induced deflection of the end-bearing pile in the case T, the pile deflection in case S is higher. Moreover the piles in cases of S and T were subjected to significant dragload due to negative skin friction.

Risk Assessment of Crisis Management in Response to Natural Disasters with an Emphasis on Earthquakes Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini; Fatemeh Dirakvand; Omidreza Safarian; Ali Ayoubian
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The aim of this study was to explain the risks of the crisis management process in responding to natural disasters with the focus on earthquakes. This quantitative, descriptive, analytic study was conducted in Doroud City, Lorestan province, Iran in 2017. The society of the research comprises all members of the Doroud Crisis Management team, out of which 140 people were selected by stratified random sampling. In order to collect data, self-made questionnaires comprising 40 questions and 6 domains (structural, therapeutic, help and rescue, safety, hygiene, logistics)and based on the Likert Five Option Spectrum (extremely low=1, extremely high=5)were used. To ensure the validity of the questionnaires, they were assessed and verified by experts in the field. To assess the reliability, however, the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of 0.89 was applied. The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and Independent T-test and variance analysis using SPSS21. The findings showed that safety with a mean and standard deviation of 4.91±0.68 was the highest and structure with a mean and standard deviation of 2.03±0.64 was the lowest domains under the assessment of crisis management. Also, training courses in therapeutic and hygiene domains, and work experience in therapeutic, help and rescue, security, logistics domains made a considerable difference (p=0.05). From the perspective of the sample under study, the domains of therapeutic and hygiene have the highest importance factor, logistics was allocated the lowest priority. Applying the proper assessment of different risk frameworks, the researchers reviewed each domain proportionate to the probability of an earthquake in the study area. This way by identifying the potential hazards and risks in view of important and effective domains, the dangers could be prioritized and management programs could be implemented.

The Effect of Low-Density Polyethylene Addition and Temperature on Creep-recovery Behavior of Hot Mix Asphalt Mahammed Mazouz; M. Merbouh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Industrial and domestic plastic waste is second harmful products to the environment. Considering the technological development and the current way of life, this non-biodegradable waste and its enormous quantities threaten the balance of the ecosystem and human health. The present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of Low-density polyethylene “LDPE” plastic waste, used us asphalt additive, on creep-recovery behavior of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This technique is a contribution to the improvement of the quality and cost of HMA, for alternate materials. In this experimental study, two mixes of asphalts were prepared, basic and modified asphalts, and tested in four points bending test at two different temperatures, medium (20°C) and high temperature (50°C). The use of 5 % of LDPE gave a better thermo-mechanical performance. As well as, a decrease in total deformation by 51 % and 13 % at 20°C and 50°C respectively. A clear improvement of the resistance to the creep permanent deformation, rigidity and lasted in life. This modification serves a powerful, economic and environmental solution for road construction of hot Saharan areas at medium and high temperature of service.

Utilization of Demolished Waste as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Halahla, Abdulsamee M; Akhtar, Mohammad; Almasri, Amin H.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Demolishing concrete building usually produces huge amounts of remains and wastes worldwide that have promising possibilities to be utilized as coarse aggregate for new mixes of concrete. High numbers of structures around the world currently need to be removed for several reasons, such as reaching the end of the expected life, to be replaced by new investments, or were not built by the local and international standards. Maintaining or removal of such structures leads to large quantities of concrete ruins. Reusing these concrete wastes will help in saving landfill spaces in addition to more sustainability in natural resources. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using old recycled concrete as coarse aggregate to make new concrete mixes, and its effect on the evolution of the compressive strength of the new concrete mixes.Â Core samples for demolished concrete were tested to determine its compressive strength. The core test results can be thought of as aggregate properties for the new concrete. Then, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the new recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were determined experimentally by casting a cubes and cylinders, respectively. It was found that the evolution of compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete is similar in behavior to the concrete with natural aggregate, except that it is about 10% lower in values. It was also seen that water absorption for recycled aggregate is noticeably higher than that for natural aggregate, and should be substituted for in the mix design.

Enhancing the Behavior of One-Way Reinforced Concrete Slabs by Using Laced Reinforcement Ali Faiq Hallawi; Ali Hussein Ali Al-Ahmed
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This paper studies experimentally the behavior of laced reinforced concrete one-way slabs under monotonic load. The experimental program included testing three simply supported one-way slabs of dimensions (1500 mm length, 600 mm width, and thickness 130mm. One of these slabs was the control specimen which was designed without lacing reinforcement steel and the other two specimens designed were with two variable lacing reinforcement ratio (0.27% and 0.52%). All specimens were cast with normal of 22 MPa compressive strength. Specimens were tested under two equal line loads applied at the third parts of the slab (monotonic load) gradually applying up to failure. The specimens showed an enhanced in ultimate load capacity up to 40% as a result of increasing the lacing steel ratio to 0.52 %. Also, decreasing in deflection at service and at ultimate load levels by 42% and %57 respectively. In addition, the results showed that specimen with lacing reinforcement are more ductility than specimen without lacing reinforcement so using of lacing steel reinforcement leads to significant improvements in ductility index which reached to about 49% with increasing the lacing steel ratio to (0.52%).

Generalized Review on EVD and Constraints Simplex Method of Materials Properties Optimization for Civil Engineering Onyelowe, Kennedy C; Alaneme, George; Bui Van, Duc; Nguyen Van, Manh; Ezugwu, Charles; Amhadi, Talal; Sosa, Felix; Orji, Francis; Ugorji, Benjamin
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Extreme vertex design (EVD) has been adapted to be used in the modeling of the behavior of mixture experiments in civil engineering. This method has been in use since the 1970s and has be prevalent in the field of medical science. Various other methods of design of experiments have been used in engineering but neither has EVD being used particularly in civil engineering. This review is presented to serve as a hub or guide for subsequent exercise where concrete production, asphalt production or modification, soils stabilization and concrete improvement or water treatment would be studied with the help EVD. Its ability to fix design points and centroids has been reviewed in this work. EVD operates with various algorithms and depends on the order or condition of problems to be solved. The XVERT algorithm working on Minitab and Design Expert platform was adopted in this review work because of its efficiency in handling quadratic model problems like the four cases reviewed in the present work. From the four special cases, it can be asserted that there is a confidence in the use of EVD to develop the constraints, design the experimental factor space, design the mix proportions, and validate the models resulting from these procedures after experimental specimens are tested to determine the responses.

Study on Bond Strength of Alccofine Based Normal and High Strength Concrete Balamuralikrishnan R.; Saravanan J.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Plenty of research works in India and abroad focusing on the reuse or recycling of waste materials from many industries. Among that finding out suitable cementitious material for the replacement of cement is significant. Many waste materials such as fly ash, silica fume, GGBS, metakaoline, micro materials, quartz power, etc. are tried out for replacing partially or full of cement in concrete. A new ultrafine material called Alccofine is tried out for replacing partially in this research. M20 and M60 grade of concrete is intended to study the performance of normal and high strength concrete by replacing the cement with alccofine of different dosages. Previous researches showed that the replacement of alccofine increases the strength. Design mix made for M20 and M60 grade and cubes casted with various percentage of alccofine with cement. Hence the study is aimed to assess the bond behavior of M20 and M60 grade of concrete structures as an alternate to the conventional materials. The cubes are prepared initially for the design mix and determined the strength of concrete. Then specimens are prepared for the bond test and tested using pullout test methods. The results are analyzed and observed that the bond strength is increased with increase of alccofine replacement to certain dosage.

Assessment of Change Orders Attributes in Preconstruction and Construction Phase Khoso, Ali Raza; Khan, Jam Shahzaib; Faiz, Rizwan Ullah; Akhund, Muhammad Akram
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Construction projects are very complex in nature. Each activity involves multiple varying tasks. Construction industry is the main source of economic growth. When change order occur performance of projects momentously affected.Â Change orders often have a serious impact on the quality, time and cost. Eventually it results in disputes, delays, and dissatisfactions among stakeholders and ultimately results in failures of projects. In past several studies have been done to evaluate the causes of change order and its effects. Attempts have been made to quantify these impacts by many researchers, but the aim of this study is to identify the causes of change order in two different phases i.e. preconstruction and construction stage. Views were taken from relevant experts over included factors after in-depth literature review from past researches. A questionnaire was made and floated with different construction players from clients, consultants and contractors side. The data was analyzed by SPSS using average index technique. The analysis of data showed that, Mistakes in specifications, Mistakes in design and Lack of experience in selecting construction team by client are the most critical factors during preconstruction phase. Whereas, Design modification by owner, change in scope at later stage and Delays in payment by client are most critical factors of construction phase, responsible for change order. The extensive discussion of these factors revealed various parameters related to Pakistan construction. This study will enable the clients, consultants and contractors to be aware of factors which causes changes in orders and their consequences on project completion. By the identification of possible reasons, the right decisions can be made to mark the project successful.

The Impact of Vibration on the Accuracy of Digital Surveying Instruments Hossam El-Din Fawzy
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2019): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2019-03091264

A digital surveying instrument has a crucial and effective role in civil engineering. These digital surveying instruments have contributed to providing quick and simplified solutions to solve many surveying problems: particularly accuracy, saving time, and effort .Therefore, the main objective of this research is the study of the vibrations effect on digital devices efficiency during the observation process, which occur frequently especially when the devices occupy the bridges during observation or when the occupation of the device is set nearby the railways, as well as in construction sites with heavy equipment movement. Although most digital surveying instruments contain a compensator device, this research find out through the experimental test that the effect of vibration on the accuracy of observation results and the noticed errors may extend to many centimeters. In case of using the digital level devices (SOKKIA SDL-30) under exposure to vibration (up to 20 KHZ/Sec), the average error of elevation was 36.9 mm in 80 m distance and the maximum standard deviation elevation error was 18.26 mm. But in the case of using the reflector-less total station (SOKKIA SET330RK) under exposure to vibration (from 7.5 to 15 KHZ/Sec), the average error of positioning was 79.95 mm in 85 m distance and the maximum standard deviation positioning error was 43.41 mm.

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