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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 21 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April" : 21 Documents clear

Concrete Beams Strengthened with Jute Fibers Yaseen Ali Salih; Nadia Nazhat Sabeeh; Mohammed Faeq Yass; Ahmed Shihab Ahmed; Ektiffa Saleh Khudhurr
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Nowadays, the reinforcement of concrete with natural fibers can consider being an effectual scheme to achieve the global demand for sustainable development. Due to sustainability, bio degradability, and environmental friendly, natural fibers are preferred as compared to synthetic fibers. The present study investigated the effect of width and thickness of jute fiber strips on the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams (RC beams). The experimental program consisted testing of twenty-four RC beams (150*150*1000 mm) comprised of four groups. The first group consisted of three reference RC beams, the second group consisted of three RC beams strengthened longitudinally with carbon fiber strip (CFRP) of 15 cm width, the third group included nine RC beams strengthened longitudinally with one layer of jute fiber strips (JFRP) having variable width, 5, 10, and 15 cm, and lastly the fourth group which was same as the third group except using double layer of jute fiber strips. Generally, the results showed that toughness, ultimate flexural strength, and load carrying capacity of RC beams strengthened with JFRP were increased with the increase of the strip width and thickness. On the other hand, ductility and stiffness were decreased with the increase of the strip width. Test results showed that load carrying capacity was improved by 5.56 and 11.1% for one layer of jute fiber strips of 5 and 15 cm width respectively as compared with the reference specimens. On the other hand, the load carrying capacity was improved by 3.95 and 8.75 % for two layers of jute fiber strips of 10 and 15 cm width respectively as compared with the one layer strengthened specimens. Concerning the CFRP strengthening, the load carrying capacity was improved by 77.76% as compared with the reference specimens.

A Study on the Quality of Campus Landscape on Students' Attendance at the University Campus Mojgan Ghorbanzadeh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Considering the expansion of higher education program in Iran to meet the needs of youth in recent years, there have been many institutes of higher education in closed spaces. This need is balanced now and it is time to highlight the importance of the impact of open spaces on higher education and improving its quality. The purpose of this study is to review landscape designing theories in University of Bojnord and investigating the role of these components in students’ attendance in the university environment. The ultimate goal is to extract and prioritize the desirability factors of the open spaces of campus and the students' attendance at the university. -The findings of the extraction have been analyzed based on the access to landscape design patterns. It is conducted by designing a visual questionnaire based on the components of landscape desirability such as understanding, exploration, compatible with the desire for participation and relaxation and enjoyment of the landscape. The questionnaire was given to 55 Students of University of Bojnord. The statistical population was all students of University of Bojnord. The sampling method was random clustering from the faculties of based on their gender and major. The data was stored, analyzed and processed in SPSS software. Data analysis shows the priority of the main factors of the desirability of open spaces on campus. The landscape desirability of Bojnurd University and students’ attendance at university is low and it requires a serious review of the architectural design of the university landscape.

Predictive Modeling for Developing Maintenance Management in Construction Projects Noor S. Omar; Wadhah A. Hatem; Hafeth I. Najy
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Maintenance is one of the most important global issue and it taking an increasing recognition in numerous study field. Meanwhile, in Iraq with the absence of an efficient building maintenance management and a lack of appropriate predictive maintenance tool of the current buildings can have a significant negative impact on future building development. Currently, there is a paradigm shift in management of building maintenance from corrective to preventive and predictive approaches that is attainable through creating of an evaluative model to evaluate a variety of alternative decisions. This paper aimed at developing mathematical models for the buildings maintenance. This was achieved through the division of building according to the methods of division based on a number of global maintenance manuals and previous studies. Consequently, based on literature review and interviews with experts on building maintenance, questionnaire was designed that included most of the maintenance items of building. Then, the results of the questionnaire were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), to determine the most important maintenance items, the Weighted Sum Model (WSM) technique was used. Finally, this research recommended adoption the model for quick evaluation and appropriately monitoring of buildings. It will also help architects and engineers to make predictions throughout scientific methods instead dependence on personal decisions.

Combined Influence of Fly Ash and Recycled Coarse Aggregates on Strength and Economic Performance of Concrete Babar Ali; Liaqat Ali Qureshi; Muhammad Asad Nawaz; Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and fly ash (FA) are materials with least to very low global warming potential. Considering long term strength and durability, various studies have suggested to use RCA in concrete with FA. This research paper deals with the strength and economic performance of concrete made with individual and combined incorporation of FA and RCA. Nine different mixtures of concrete were prepared by varying the incorporation levels of RCA and FA. 0% RCA, 50% RCA and 100% RCA were used in concrete with three different levels of FA (0%FA, 20%FA, and 40%FA). The compressive strength of each mixture of concrete was determined at the age of 3, 28, 90 and 180 days. To evaluate economic performance cost of 1 m3 of each mixture of concrete was compared to that of the control mixture having 0% RCA and 0% FA. Results showed that RCA was detrimental to the compressive strength of concrete at all ages, whereas, FA reduced early strength but improved the strength at later ages of testing i.e. 90 and 180 days. FA plus RCA mixes also showed lower early age strength but gained higher strength than conventional concrete at the age of 180 days. RCA did not reduce the cost of concrete effectively. FA despite having a very high transportation cost, it reduced the cost of concrete efficiently. FA did not only reduce the cost of binder but also lower the demand of plasticizer by improving workability. Cost to strength ratio (CSR) analysis also indicated that FA significantly improve the combined economic and strength performance of RCA concrete mixes.

Effect of Waste Marble Powder and Fly Ash on the Rheological Characteristics of Cement Based Grout Muhammet Çınar; Mehmet Karpuzcu; Hanifi Çanakcı
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

This paper shows the results of an experimental study conducted to research the impact of waste marble powder (WMP) and fly ash (FA) on the fluidity (marsh cone flow time (MCFT), mini-slump diameter and plate cohesion meter (PCM)) and the rheological properties (viscosity and yield stress) of cement based grout (CBG) mixtures. The experiments were applied with the CBG mix including 1.00 water-binder (w/b) ratios and combined use of WMP (5-25%), FA (5-25%) and WMP+FA (10-30% + constant 25%). Test results illustrated that the rheological properties of the CBGs importantly have been improved by the addition of WMP, FA and WMP+FA to grout mix at w/b=1 ratio. Strongly shear thickening behaviour was got from the CBG mixtures the all WMP, FA and WMP+FA content. The increase in the percentage of WMP (5-25%) amount reduced the mini-slump flow diameter. Moreover, the increment in the percentage of FA (5-25%) amount increments the mini slum flow. According to the control sample, the increment in the percentage of WMP (10-25%) amount increased the mini-slump flow diameter for constant FA (25%) content. Also, the increase in WMP amount in the CBG mix, there is no effect on MCFT. Also, MCFT decreased with the increase of FA amount. Especially, FA increased the fluidity of CBG, when the WMP showed negative effect in increase the MCFT in WMP+FA content.

New α-Aminophosphonates as Corrosion Inhibitors for Oil and Gas Pipelines Protection Evgeny Nikitin; Georgy Shumatbaev; Dmitriy Terenzhev; Kirill Sinyashin; Kamila Kazimova
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The problem of corrosion of metal equipment is one of the most actual problems in oil industry. One of the methods to solve this problem is the development of new low-toxic, accessible and effective corrosion inhibitors. For this purpose, we carried out the synthesis of the new α-aminophosphonates based on syntanyl phosphites, formalin and diethanolamine according to the Kabachnik-Fields reaction. The resulting products are characterized by 1H, 31P, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy methods. The obtained compounds contain a long radical chain of industrial (poly)ethoxylated alcohol residue with different length of the hydroxyethyl fragment, as well as an active center containing O-P-C-N fragment, which impart them inhibitory properties toward corrosion processes. The anticorrosive activity of the new aminophosphonates was studied by gravimetric analysis method. In the article the effect of concentration, time and degree of ethoxylation of the hydrocarbon radical in alpha-aminophosphonates on the protective effect of inhibitors was studies. It was shown that the obtained aminophosphonates exhibit high values of the protective effect of steel in a highly mineralized medium containing 250 g/m3 СО2 and 200 g/m3 Н2S. The high value of the protective effect (82-85 %) at inhibitor concentration of 25 mg/l was found. The maximum protective effect at 50 mg/ml dosage of the inhibitor is 94.3 %, while there is a decrease of the corrosion rate (less than 0.04 mm/year).

Determining the Role of Pedestrian-Orientation, Concerning the Public Places: Improvement of Urban Social Capital Quality Mohammad Moayedi; Reza Kheyroddin; Ismail Shieh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Studying the status of urban social capital indicates that it is declining in contemporary cities. The experts in the field of social science have seriously warned on the consequences of this decline, by examining the components of social capital which is the result of forming norms of collective life and social interaction. In this regard, urbanization knowledge seeks to strengthen social capital through targeted interventions and efforts to improve the quality of urban life. Social interactions are significantly important factors contributing to the social capital and one of the most effective ways of realizing social interactions is making and developing of "public urban places". Regarding the previous studies which show that public places are created for people's presence and social mobility, this study seeks the ways for strengthening social capital by interventions in public places and increasing their quality by determining the role of urban spaces in improving the status of social capital. For a better study of the subject, using a desk research method, field observation and scrolling through a questionnaire, the market pedestrian located in the central area of Tehran was studied. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and the results showed that interventions with the aim of pedestrianizing and attempts to make a high quality place increase presence of people and cause a high tendency to establish social interactions.in fact pedestrian-orientation of urban areas has facilitated face-to-face and collective communication by influencing the social trust and solidarity, also it has helped with strengthening the tendency to participate and cooperate. Hence, adoption of the pedestrian-orientation policy and efforts to improve the quality of public places, have enhanced the social capital of city.

Evaluation the Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Demolished Concrete Waste Materials Hala Hamza Nazal; Mohammed Qadir Ismael
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The distress of moisture induced damage in flexible pavement received tremendous attention over the past decades. The harmful effects of this distress expand the deterioration of other known distresses such as rutting and fatigue cracking. This paper focused on the efficiency of using the waste material of demolished concrete to prepare asphalt mixtures that can withstand the effect of moisture in the pavement. For this purpose, different percentages of waste demolished concrete (0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100) were embedded as a replacement for coarse aggregate to construct the base course. The optimum asphalt contents were determined depending on the Marshall method. Then after, two parameters were founded to evaluate the moisture susceptibility, namely: the tensile strength ratio (TSR) and the index of retained strength (IRS). To achieve this, the indirect tensile strength test and the compressive test were performed on different fabricated specimens. The results show that mixtures with a higher percentage of demolished concrete possess higher optimum asphalt content as this parameter increased from 3.9 % for control mixture to 4.5 % for mixture with coarse aggregate that fully replaced by demolished concrete. This work indicated that optimum percent of waste demolished concrete that can be utilized in the asphalt mixtures is 30 %, whereas this percent recorded higher value of increased increments for TSR and IRS by 10.6 % and 7.9 % respectively.

New Sintanyl Phosphonates for Protection of Oil and Gas Pipelines from Steel Corrosion Nikitin, Evgeny; Shumatbaev, Georgy; Terenzhev, Dmitriy; Sinyashin, Kirill; Rastergaev, Egor
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Many corrosion inhibitors are economically disadvantageous or toxic to the environment. Additionally, there are certain requirements for corrosion inhibitors. Therefore, the development of new corrosion inhibitors is one of the important problems in the oil-producing and oil-refining industry. The purpose of this work is the synthesis of new corrosion inhibitors with high inhibitory activity, the establishment of the structure of the compounds obtained and the determination of the anti-corrosion effect with respect to aggressive media. This paper presents the results of research on the development of new iron corrosion inhibitors. New Î±-aminophosphonates were synthesized based on the Kabachnik-Fields reaction. Formalin, morpholine, phosphite containing residues of industrial non-ionic surfactants - syntanols as radicals were used as a raw material. The compounds obtained were isolated in high yield. The structure of the compounds obtained is established by modern methods of physico-chemical analysis. The protective effect of the compounds obtained was studied by a gravimetric method for 6, 24, 72 hour exposure and an inhibitor concentration of 10, 25, 50, 100 ppm. As an aggressive medium, a highly mineralized medium containing Ð¡Ðž2 and Ð2S was used in simulated formation water. The dynamics of changes in the protective effect of the resulting aminophosphonate from time to time, at dosages of 2.5-100 ppm, were studied using electrochemical analysis methods. The protective effect of syntanyl-O-ethyl- (N-morpholinyl) methylphosphonate obtained at 25 ppm and a shutter speed of 6 hours is 73-82%. The article shows that with increasing concentration, an increase in the protective effect is observed. The greatest protective (89,6) effect showed O-2- [2- [2- [2- [2- [2- [2- [2- [2- [2- (dodecyloxy) ethoxy] ethoxy] ethoxy] ethoxy ] ethoxy] ethoxy] ethoxy] ethoxy] ethoxy] ethyl-O-ethyl- (N-morpholinyl) methylphosphone at a dosage of 100 ppm.

Investigating Factors of Safety Culture Assessment in Construction Industry Projects Tehrani, Vahid Zeinalabedin; Rezaifar, Omid; Gholhaki, Majid; Khosravi, Yahya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2019): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Early signs of an organizational commitment to safety policies are manifested in the safety culture in that organization. Improving the safety culture of contractors can reduce occupational accidents in construction industry projects. Many scholars tend to research on this concept in order to achieve an approach to reducing occupational accidents. Numerous studies have attempted to identify the components affecting the safety culture using various methods and tools for measuring and assessing the safety culture; nevertheless, none of these studies measured the impact level of each of the evaluated factors on the safety culture. Hence, this study, assess the influence of each of these factors on the safe culture of contractors working in the construction industry. This study used a structural equation modeling approach to examine the safety culture assessment factors. Accordingly, ten factors affecting the safety culture were scrutinized to provide a conceptual model with ten predictable paths for evaluating the relationships between the variables. The data collected from thermal power plant construction projects were applied to test the hypothesized model experimentally using SEM-PLS method. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the factors of management commitment, appraisal of work hazards, supportive environment and communication among the factors influencing the safety culture of contractors in the studied projects had respectively the most impact on the safety culture of contractors operating in the thermal power industry, as well as the work pressure had the least impact on the safety culture..

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