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IKAT : The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies

ikat
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 25806580 EISSN : 25979817 DOI : -

Core Subject : Economy, Education,

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Other

The Journal strives to provide new, rigorous and comprehensive knowledge and understanding of Southeast Asia through inter-disciplinary perspectives. Its scopes includes but is not limited to economic welfare, institutional knowledge production, history, political transformations and the social development of information and communication technology in the region. Contributors may focus on an in-depth individual country analysis or on comparing a multi-country case study. Given the mission statement of CESASS, contributors are encouraged to submit empirical, methodological, theoretical, or conceptual articles about Southeast Asia through the eye of social sciences.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 87 Documents

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History of Rakhine State and the Origin of Rohingya Muslims Mohajan, Haradhan Kumar
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 2 (2019): January
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Myanmar is a resource-rich country especially in oil and gas. The country is involved in ethnic conflicts since its independence in 1948. Recently violation of human rights against the Rohingya Muslims become severs. The main cause of Rohingya crisis is a question about its origin. Rakhine (or Arakan) is a State located in the west coast of Myanmar. The population of Arakan State is largely agrarian and more than 43.5% live below the poverty line. The Rohingya, a Muslim ethnic minority group in Rakhine, consider as the most persecuted, vulnerable, and oppressed minorities around the globe. Recently, the persecution on Rohingya Muslims has increased due to Buddhist nationalism in Myanmar. Rohingyas are continued to suffer from several forms of restrictions and human rights violations in Myanmar due to deny Myanmar citizenship. They are victim of various oppressions, such as, arbitrary taxation, land confiscation, destruction of mosques, torture and ill-treatment, extrajudicial executions, restrictions on movements, forced eviction and house destruction, forced laborers on roads and at military camps, and financial restrictions on marriage. Oppression on Rohingya started since 1962, when General Ne Win took power of Myanmar after a coup. Since the 1970s, a number of crackdowns on the Rohingya in Rakhine have forced hundreds of thousands to flee to neighboring countries. Sever Rohingya oppression took place in 2017 and 2018. More than one million Rohingya have migrated in Kutupalong-Balukhali, and Nayapara refugee camps, respectively, in Ukhia, and Teknaaf of Cox?s Bazar district of Bangladesh. This article deals with the origin of Rohingyas and their citizenship in the Rakhine State of Myanmar.

Postcolonial Hermeneutics: Concepts and Contribution to Understanding Socio-Religious Problems in Southeast Asia Dewi, Novita
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 2 (2019): January
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Scrutiny of unequal power-relations between the ?East? and the ?West? in politics, culture, economy, and various aspects of life is the concern of postcolonial studies. Foucault's concept of power is central in postcolonial theory with which Edward Said is celebrated for his dismantling of Orientalist views. Postcolonial literature, likewise, has contributed to the growth and development of postcolonial criticism. The first objective of this article is to give a brief overview of different terms attached to the word ?postcolonial?, i.e. postcolonial literary criticism, postcolonial literature and postcolonial theory, since these terms enrich one another theoretically. The second objective is to discuss postcolonial hermeneutics as a reading tool to examine various mundane practices in Southeast Asian postcolonial society. The purpose is to achieve a balanced, reciprocal exchange of perspectives while providing legitimacy for alternative interpretations to the hegemony shown in ?Western? discourse. Citing traditional ways of conflict resolution and eco-friendly land management as examples, this article concludes that postcolonial reading may shed light on how socio-religious conflicts, hybrid experiences of faiths, and other social practices operate and get their respective meanings in postcolonial countries across Southeast Asia.

Jathilan Horse Dance: Spirit Possesion Beliefs and Practices in The Present-day Java Rapoport, Eva
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2018): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ikat.v2i1.34873

Jathilan is one of the names for traditional Javanese trance dance which takes its roots in the most archaic levels of local culture but remains very popular nowadays. It is also described as a horse dance for the horse effigies made of woven bamboo are the hallmark props used by the performers. Horse dance is a part of the folk culture, still untouched by institutionalization or commodification; it can be performed for both ritual and entertainment purposes. Trance is its main attraction, though through the lens of local beliefs it is interpreted in terms of spirit possession thus it is understood that spirits can enter performers? bodies and fulfill their needs while being manifest in material world, but also allow the dancers to perform various feats demonstrating invulnerability to physical harm (like eating glass, walking over hot coals, being whipped or even ran over by a motorcycle).The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough description of how trance in jathilan is performed and understood, based on existing literature, practitioners? first-hand accounts and numerous performances observed and documented; but also to consider it in the wider context of Javanese beliefs and practices involving spirits, possession, and exorcism, which persist alongside with Islam.

Asia Pacific Report: A New Zealand nonprofit journalism model for campus-based social justice media Robie, David
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2018): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

For nine years, the Pacific Media Centre research and publication unit at Auckland University of Technology has published journalism with an ?activist? edge to its style of reportage raising issues of social justice in New Zealand?s regional backyard. It has achieved this through partnerships with progressive sections of news media and a nonprofit model of critical and challenging assignments for postgraduate students in the context of coups, civil war, climate change, human rights, sustainable development and neo-colonialism. An earlier Pacific Scoop venture (2009-2015) has morphed into an innovative venture for the digital era, Asia Pacific Report (APR) (http://asiapacificreport.nz/), launched in January 2016. Amid the current global climate of controversy over ?fake news? and a ?war on truth? and declining credibility among some mainstream media, the APR project has demonstrated on many occasions the value of independent niche media questioning and challenging mainstream agendas. In this article, a series of case studies examines how the collective experience of citizen journalism, digital engagement and an innovative public empowerment journalism course can develop a unique online publication. The article traverses some of the region?s thorny political and social issues?including the controversial police shootings of students in Papua New Guinea in June 2016.

ONLINE PERSPECTIVES ON ASEAN-JAPAN RELATIONS: Study of ASEAN-related Japanese Tweets Pratidina, Indah Santi
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2018): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

ASEAN targets internal integration and strong external relations with its partner countries. Japan has stressed its long-standing support for ASEAN. The year 2013 saw the 40th anniversary of Japan-ASEAN relations when Japanese state actors put considerable efforts into marking this anniversary. Although Japan remains one of ASEAN's largest trading partners and sources of foreign direct investment, recent years has witnessed power relations dynamic in the region with China and South Korea actively engaging as well. State actors? statements on ASEAN-Japan relations had been the heavy focus of scholars interested in the field. However, insights from all levels of society are important for a more comprehensive observation. An analysis of social media, and in particular Twitter, offers one way to accomplish this purpose. The total of 3.29 million tweets containing the word ?ASEAN? were collected from November 2013 to December 2015. From the dataset, it was identified that tweets using Japanese language are the third highest in volume after Indonesian and English. Content analyses were conducted to answer the questions on how ASEAN as an entity is viewed by the populations of its partner countries; which aspects of the integration project attract Twitter users? interests also, in the relation to strong external relations that ASEAN want to pursue, which countries are mentioned in the tweets and on which aspects? Using keywords from the Blueprints of ASEAN Community?s integration aspects, the tweets were categorized as related to economics, political-security and socio-cultural topics. Countries mentioned in the dataset were counted and then categorized according to these aspects as well. The study finds economic and political-security themed tweets are the largest in volume with heavy mentioning of Japan, China and South Korea. Results suggest that online conversations about ASEAN are still strongly influenced by government and mainstream media?s agenda.

â€˜As if it was something spoken by a friendâ€™: Digital vote-canvassing networks on Facebook during the 2013 Bangkok Gubernatorial Election Campaign Pratheepwatanawong, Mukda
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2018): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ikat.v2i1.35441

Vote-canvassers are a central part of Thai elections and this role has been integrated into the digital age. The relationships among the election candidates, vote-canvassers and voters are fundamental in managing the network of communication during election campaigns. Adapting the idea of the traditional vote-canvassing network for the analysis of electoral politics in the digital arena and using the concept of two-steps flow, this paper explores the way in which Facebook was used to establish and develop ?digital vote-canvassing networks? during the 2013 Bangkok gubernatorial election campaign, with the use of multimodal analysis and interviews election candidates and their public relations personnel for data collection. This paper argues that vote-canvassing systems become ?digital? when a candidate?s public relations personnel acted as core vote-canvassers to manage and transmit campaign messages on the candidate?s Facebook page on behalf of the candidate, while the candidate?s followers interacted and spread the candidate?s campaign message to their own networks, enabling more SNSs users to be exposed to the campaign content. The mediation of election campaign is no longer only dominated by candidates or political parties, but public relations personnel who demonstrated their value and skills in managing as well as personalising the dissemination and interaction of messages that candidates aimed to communicate to their followers. The development of relationships among people connected to the digital vote-canvassing networks was integrated through the coordination and dissemination of campaign content on Facebook to enhance the electoral ties between candidates and voters. Thus, the spreading of content on Facebook in part mirrors the traditional ?vote-canvassing system? in terms of the importance of networks. Both the networks of SNSs and traditional ?vote-canvassing system? involve the idea of network expansion, influential communication and development of relationships between people connected on the network. The core idea of digital vote-canvassing networks is to make campaign messages on SNSs reach as many SNS users as possible.

Editorial Foreword For IKAT, Number 2 Reid, Anthony
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 2, No 1 (2018): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ikat.v2i1.36544

It is a pleasure to introduce this second issue of the enterprising new journal, IKAT. It is breaking new ground in opening Indonesia to its region, and establishing a high standard of scholarly publication in English. It is good to see Southeast Asians taking up the challenge of understanding their own region. As the Orientalist tradition of Europe weakens, institutions and individuals in the region must take up the challenge of understanding, preserving and analysing Southeast Asian cultures, many of them endangered. Southeast Asian Studies must return to Southeast Asia, and IKAT is certainly helping this process.

Remembering the Forgotten Past: A Case Study of Bali's First Governor, Anak Agung Bagus Sutedja Nyoman Wijaya
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 3, No 1 (2019): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

This article explores the way forgetting and remembering a dark past takes place in Balinese society. To do so, it takes the case of Anak Agung Bagus Sutedja, the first Governor of Bali, who was appointed in 1959 but 'disappeared' in 1965 or 1966. He has been systematically forgotten by Balinese society and, more specifically, by and within the academic community of Udayana University. Applying a historical approach, this article argues that the process of forgetting in the community is deeply entangled with the New Order's embodied official narratives about the 1965 tragedy

Secularism and Religious Nationalism: A Historical Study of Ethnic Conflict in Myanmar Ram Hlei Thang
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 3, No 1 (2019): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

Myanmar, also known as Burma, has been plagued by ethnic conflict and civil war for decades since its independence in 1948. Applying historical method, this study examines the relationship between the issue of secularism and ethnic conflict in the country by focusing on the rise of religious nationalisms. This study finds that the rise of Buddhist nationalism among Burmese majority, as well as the rise of Christian nationalism among minority ethnics-have challenged peaceful coexistence and vision of a secular state as aspirated by Burmese founding fathers. This study argues that this failure to adopt the principles of secularism was the root cause of ethnic conflict that has raged the country for over six decades.

A Relation Shaped by Geopolitical Ambitions: The United States and Cambodia during the Cold War Vibol Neak
IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Vol 3, No 1 (2019): July
Publisher : Center for Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS)

The diplomatic relation between the United States and Cambodia began during the Cold War, before Cambodia achieved independence from France in 1953. This article examines the political constellation between the two states during the Cold War. The United States had been an ally and a firm supporter of Cambodia at certain times, while also being controversial enemies in other moments. The relationship worsened during the Cold War, and the two countries had gone from allies to enemies. It could be argued that the relationship deteriorated due to several reasons: the US’ foreign policy, which was crafted to contain communism, Cambodia’s failure to be truly neutral as it was often biased to the communist bloc, and the impact of third-party states.

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