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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 2 (2021)" : 25 Documents clear
Polyvinyl Alcohol Food Packaging System Comprising Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Ahmed Elsayed Abdelhamid; Eman AboBakr Ali Yousif; Manal Mohamed Talaat El-Saidi; Ahmed Ali El-Sayed
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.55483

Abstract

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous Moringa extract and their incorporation in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as food packaging materials have been performed. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized via Ultraviolet-visible spectra and transmission electron microscope, and the results revealed the formation of silver nanoparticles in a semi-spherical shape with an average size ranged from 2 to 5 nm. The addition of different ratios of the nanoparticles onto the PVA matrix and their crosslinking via citric acid to obtain nanocomposite sheets were performed. The nanocomposite sheets were characterized using FT-IR, UV-Vis, and TGA. In addition, their mechanical properties were evaluated. Water vapor permeability rate and water content were also determined. The composite sheets showed good thermal and optical performance. Antibacterial activities of the prepared nanocomposite sheets were evaluated, and the results exhibited good resistance to bacterial growth.
Hydrocracking of Coconut Oil on the NiO/Silica-Rich Zeolite Synthesized Using a Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant Sriatun Sriatun; Heru Susanto; Widayat Widayat; Adi Darmawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.55522

Abstract

NiO/silica-rich zeolite catalysts were used for coconut oil hydrocracking. The catalyst was prepared with a mixture of Na2SiO3, Al(OH)3, NaOH, and quaternary ammonium surfactants. The surfactant was varied of types like as tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The acidity of the silica-rich sodalite zeolites enhances with the increase in nickel oxide added through a wet impregnation. The hydrocracking process was carried out by a semi-batch method. Liquid products were analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the addition of surfactants increased the catalyst surface area and acidity. Meanwhile, the presence of nickel oxide increases the acidity of the catalyst. The hydrocracking results showed an increase in gas products when the surface area was high, i.e., 23.781% in silica-rich sodalite zeolite without template (Z), 32.68% in silica-rich sodalite zeolite with tetrapropylammonium (ZTPA), and 39.673% in silica-rich sodalite zeolite with cetyltrimethylammonium (ZCTA). The presence of NiO increased the liquid product and the selectivity of the bioavtur fraction (C10-C15), where the highest percentage of liquid product was 60.07% at NiO/ZTPA.
Microwave-Assisted Preparation of Zinc-Doped β-Tricalcium Phosphate for Orthopedic Applications Ali Taha Saleh; Dheyaa Alameri
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.55931

Abstract

A novel two-step methodology delivering zinc into the structure of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has been investigated. Incorporating wet precipitation of calcium-deficient apatite [Ca9-xZnx(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH)] (x = 0.00–1.00 mol) using a microwave-assisted process followed by two-hour calcination at 1000 °C has been conducted to generate a ratio of 1.48 of Zn doped β-TCP. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Our results confirmed that the product was crystalline Zn2+-doped β-tricalcium phosphate. The incorporation of Zn+2 into the β-TCP lattice resulted in a shifting of diffraction peaks to higher 2θ values, which were attributed to the substitution of larger-sized Ca+2 ions with smaller-sized Zn2+ ions. A reduction in the intensity of the XRD peaks was also observed due to the reduction in the degree of crystallinity of the samples. Lattice parameters along the a and c-axis showed a gradual decrease in length with an increase in the amount of Zn2+ doping. This decrease was attributed to the replacement of Ca+2 ion by the smaller-sized Zn2+ ions. The microstructure of the powders consisted of microscale aggregates fused together. EDX analysis of all samples showed that the Zn2+ doping had successfully taken place and the amount of Zn2+ present in the samples was in good agreement with the theoretical values.
Stability, Hydrogen Bond Occupancy Analysis and Binding Free Energy Calculation from Flavonol Docked in DAPK1 Active Site Using Molecular Dynamic Simulation Approaches Adi Tiara Zikri; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Winarto Haryadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56087

Abstract

Stability and hydrogen bond occupancy analysis of flavonol derivative docked in DAPK1 have been carried out using molecular dynamics simulation approach. Six flavonol derivatives were docked in DAPK1 as protein target, then continued with molecular dynamics simulation. NVT and NPT ensembles were used to equilibrate the system, followed by 20 ns sampling time for each system. Structural stability and hydrogen bond occupancy analyses were carried out at the NVT ensemble, while free binding energy analysis was done at NPT ensemble. From all compounds used in this work, compound B (5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one) has a similar interaction with reference ligands (quercetin, kaempferol, and fisetin), and the most stable complex system has the maximum RMSD around 2 Å. Compound C complex has -48.06 kJ/mol binding free energy score, and it was slightly different from quercetin, kaempferol, and fisetin complexes. Even though complex C has similar binding free energy with the reference compound, complex B shows more stable interactions due to their hydrogen bond and occupancy.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Properties of Nickel(II) Complex with 4-Aminoantipyrine Ligand Yusica Amalia Rasyda; Mudhita Kusuma Widowati; Soerya Dewi Marliyana; Sentot Budi Rahardjo
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56552

Abstract

The novel nickel(II) complex has been successfully synthesized through the reaction of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O with 4-aminoantipyrine (AAP) ligand in a 1:3 mole ratio of Ni(II) to AAP. The complex was characterized using UV-Vis, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Infrared spectrophotometry (IR), Thermogravimetry/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC), conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. The complex formula was [Ni(AAP)3](NO3)2·5H2O. AAP was a bidentate ligand that coordinated through the primary amine nitrogen and the carbonyl oxygen to the nickel ion. The electronic spectra of the complex displayed two peaks at 646 nm and 385 nm in accordance with the 3A2g(F) → 3T1g(F) and 3A2g(F) → 3T1g(P) transitions, respectively. This complex gave a paramagnetic property with the effective magnetic moment (µeff) of 2.96 BM and the shape of an octahedron. The antibacterial test of this complex showed higher activity than the metal and its free ligand.
Formulation and Characterization of a Kinetically Stable Topical Nanoemulsion Containing the Whitening Agent Kojic Acid Gan Yi Yun; Nur Azzanizawaty Yahya; Roswanira Abdul Wahab; Mariani Abdul Hamid
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56587

Abstract

The research was carried out to synthesize a stable kojic acid (KA) encapsulated nanoemulsion as a whitening agent for topical skin usage. In this study, the oil-in-water (O/W) KA nanoemulsion was formulated using integrated low and high energy methods that combined ultrasonic and hot temperature inversion methods. Several different combinations of parameters were screened, viz. xanthan gum amount (1.0 to 2.0 g), kojic acid (KA) amount (0.5 to 1.5 g), and surfactant-to-water ratio (1:10.75 to 1:4.875), to prepare a stable KA nanoemulsion. The identified best parameters to design the O/W KA nanoemulsion were then subjected to different stability tests: storage and pH stability (freeze-thaw and centrifugal tests). Results revealed that the Trial 6 formulation, with the highest ratio of Tween 80 to water (1:4.875 v/v), yielded the best polydispersity index at 0.255 ± 0.006 with an average particle size of 90.57 ± 1.401 nm. The formulation retained the recommended pH range (pH 4.95–5.18) for topical skin applications within six-week storage under room condition. The nanoemulsions were also kinetically stable as proven by the absence of phase separation after the centrifugation, freeze-thaw cycle, and storage temperature (2 and 25 °C) tests, except at the 37 °C three-week extended storage. The results collectively showed that the formulated O/W KA nanoemulsion is suitable for topical application on human skin.
Development of a Simple Fe(II) Ion Colorimetric Sensor from the Immobilization of 1,10-Phenanthroline In Alginate/Pectin Film Nindya Tri Muliawati; Dwi Siswanta; Nurul Hidayat Aprilita
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56759

Abstract

An optical analytical sensor was proposed based on the complexation reactions of 1,10-phenanthroline derivative in aqueous solutions. This study aims to synthesize a metal ion sensor for detecting Fe(ll) ion from the immobilization of 1,10-phenanthroline compound in alginate/pectin film. This was carried out by characterizing the films using the Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The determination of the optimal condition for Fe(II) ion detection and validation of the parameters was conducted by measuring the absorbance of the films using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. After the addition of Fe(II) ion, the color of the alginate/pectin-phenanthroline film changed from transparent yellow to orange-red, showing its potential as a visual colorimetric sensor for iron(II) ion. It was found that the optimum condition for Fe(II) ion sensing was at 513 nm after 2 min of detection at pH 2. The alginate/pectin-phenanthroline film had good linearity, precision, selectivity, and accuracy with a detection limit as low as 0.446 mg L–1, which was remarkable.
High Reusability of NiAl LDH/Biochar Composite in the Removal Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Aldes Lesbani; Neza Rahayu Palapa; Rabelia Juladika Sayeri; Tarmizi Taher; Nurlisa Hidayati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56955

Abstract

Ni/Al layered double hydroxide was used as a starting material for composite formation with biochar as a matrix. The materials were characterized using X-ray, FTIR, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, thermal, and morphology analyses. The NiAl LDH/Biochar material is then used as an adsorbent of methylene blue from an aqueous solution. The factor that was influencing adsorption such as pH, time, methylene blue concentration, and temperature adsorption was studied systematically. The regeneration of adsorbent was performed to know the stability of NiAl LDH/Biochar under several cycle adsorption processes. The results showed that NiAl LDH/Biochar has a specific diffraction peak at 11.63° and 22.30°. NiAl LDH/Biochar has more than ten-fold surface area properties (438,942 m2/g) than biochar (50.936 m2/g), and Ni/Al layered double hydroxide (92.682 m2/g). The methylene blue adsorption on NiAl LDH/Biochar follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic adsorption model and classify as physical adsorption. The high reusability properties were found for NiAl LDH/Biochar, which was largely different from biochar and Ni/Al layered double hydroxide.
Total Mercury (THg) Concentration in Indian Scad (Decapterus russelli) and Torpedo Scad (Megalaspis cordyla) from Southern Waters of Binuangeun, Banten Suratno Suratno; Zahriza Purnadayanti; Hilda Novianty; Selvia Oktaviyani
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.56967

Abstract

The high level of fish consumption was the main factor in the vulnerability of Hg exposure to the human body. The preliminary information of the total mercury (THg) concentration of Indian scad (Decapterus russelli) and Torpedo scad (Megalaspis cordyla) from Binuangeun fish auction in Lebak, Banten, Indonesia, was presented in this research. The objective of this research was to understand the distribution of THg in each organ of D. russelli (muscle, gut tissues, gonad, and eggs) and M. cordyla (muscle, liver, and gut contents). The results showed that THg in all samples were below the National Regulation limit from the National Agency of Drug and Food in mg/kg ww. THg gonad from D. russelli was showed highly significant (P < 0.01) lower compare THg in muscle, gut tissues, and eggs. Pearson’s correlation from THg in each organ of D. russelli compare to total weight and total length showed that concentration of THg in gonad highly significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with total body weight (r2 = 0.97) and total length (r2 = 0.96). M. cordyla was showed no correlation of THg in muscle compare to total length and total weight. The present study showed that D. russelli could accumulate higher mercury compare to M. cordyla and need caution while consuming this fish.
Synthesis and Characterization of 2,3-Diaminomaleonitrile Derivatives by One-Pot Schiff Base Reaction and Their Application in Dye Synthesized Solar Cells Saifaldeen Muwafag Abdalhadi; Asmaa Yahya Al-Baitai; Hazim Abdulrazzaq Al-Zubaidi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.57535

Abstract

In a one-pot reaction, three new 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN) derivative dyes were prepared by simple Schiff base reaction. The compounds were designed as a sensitizer in dye synthesizes solar cells (DSSCs). Many conditions have been used to provide the methodology to get the best yield. The prepared dyes were characterized by melting point, elemental microanalysis, mass spectroscopy, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. A computational study was carried out to support our results. The DSSC data was shown the best performance for SA3 dye with 0.38% efficiency at AM 1.5 then SA2 with 0.22% and the last dye is SA1 with 0.09%, compared to control cell (N719) 5.4%.

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