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INDONESIA
Akta Kimia Indonesia
Published by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
ISSN : 18584586     EISSN : 25493736     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Akta Kimia Indoneisa publishes peer-reviewed open access articles in all areas of chemistry, including: Analytical Chemistry Physical Chemistry Organic Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry Biological Chemistry To submit an article, you need to register first. Please click register in the menus above.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025" : 5 Documents clear
Analisis Peran Na, K, Ca, dan Fe Terhadap Potensi Slagging dan Fouling pada Pembakaran Lignit, Sub-Bituminus, dan Ampas Tebu: Analisis Peran Na, K, Ca, dan Fe Terhadap Potensi Slagging dan Fouling pada Pembakaran Lignit, Sub-Bituminus, dan Ampas Tebu Dhafin Umara
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/aki.v10i2.8869

Abstract

Slagging and fouling are major operational challenges in coal and biomass combustion, often reducing thermal efficiency and shortening equipment lifespan. This study investigates the roles of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and iron (Fe) in influencing slagging and fouling tendencies across three fuel types: sub-bituminous coal, lignite, and sugarcane bagasse. Proximate, ultimate, and XRF analyses were used to derive several predictive indices, including the Base-to-Acid Ratio (B/A), Bed Agglomeration Index (BAI), Slag Viscosity Index (Sr), Fouling Index (Fu), Dolomite Ratio (Dol), and Simplified Base/Acid Ratio (B/As). The results indicate that Na and K play dominant roles in increasing fouling propensity, while Ca and Fe contribute to improving ash thermal stability. Sub-bituminous coal exhibits low slagging potential, lignite shows a high tendency, and sugarcane bagasse demonstrates intermediate behavior. These findings suggest that higher concentrations of basic oxides (CaO, Fe₂O₃) mitigate slagging risks, whereas elevated alkali oxides (Na₂O, K₂O) enhance fouling formation.
Skrining Fitokimia serta Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera, Lam) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-Pikrilhidrazil) Ni Luh Putu Junita Kusuma Dewi; Ni Made sukma Sanjiwani; I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma Wardani; I Wayan Surya Rahadi; I Wayan Sudiarsa; Ni Putu Ayu Mirah Mariati
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/aki.v10i2.8870

Abstract

All parts of the moringa plant, from the roots, seeds, stems to the leaves, are known to have medicinal properties. Its reported uses include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and diuretic properties. This study focused on examining the presence of secondary metabolites and assessing the antioxidant potential of 96% ethanol extracts of moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera, Lam). The type of research conducted was a laboratory experiment. Moringa leaves were extracted using the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The resulting extract was then evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated extract of 34.8 grams. The secondary metabolite content was evaluated through phytochemical screening, and the antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) method. The antioxidant strength was determined by calculating the IC₅₀ value, which indicates the percentage of free radical scavenging by the test sample, and by the AAI value, which describes the antioxidant activity index of the extract. Based on the phytochemical screening results, the 96% ethanol concentrated extract of moringa leaves contained secondary metabolite compounds such as saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and steroids. The IC₅₀ value obtained from the extract was 75.428 ppm with an AAI of 0.530. As a comparison, ascorbic acid showed an IC₅₀ of 14.295 ppm and an AAI of 2.798.
Transformasi Lignoselulosa Ampas Kopi melalui Perlakuan Beku–Cair untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Biokonversi Margareta Cahyanti; Diki Anggaran; Yefta A Steefian; Vincentia N. P. Kristanti
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/aki.v10i2.8900

Abstract

Spent coffee grounds are an abundant waste material that also holds great potential as a renewable biomass resource. In this study, a simple freeze–thaw treatment was applied repeatedly to investigate its effect on the extractive content and fiber composition of spent coffee grounds. Furthermore, the reducing sugar content obtained after acid hydrolysis was measured to evaluate its potential for microbial conversion. The results showed that the extractive content reached its lowest value after five freeze–thaw cycles, at 10.59%. Hemicellulose content increased with the number of treatment cycles but decreased again at the fifth cycle. Cellulose content exhibited a fluctuating trend across treatments, whereas lignin content remained relatively stable after one and three cycles and increased after five cycles. The reducing sugar concentration increased by more than 16%, from 38.21 g/kg in the untreated sample to 44.70 g/kg after five cycles of treatment. This increase indicates cell wall disruption and the removal of extractives, which enhanced cellulose accessibility during hydrolysis. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the freeze–thaw treatment is an effective, environmentally friendly, and economical approach to enhance the saccharification potential of coffee grounds, offering a promising route for biomass valorization and sustainable bioenergy production.
SKRINING DAN EVALUASI STABILITAS NANODISPERSI TURUNAN IMIDAZOLE SEBAGAI OBAT POTENSIAL ANTI KANKER Grasianto Grasianto; Amelia Bahetha; Ita Ulfin; Harmami
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/aki.v10i2.8901

Abstract

Cancer is one of the deadliest complex diseases. Based on data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), cancer patients have reached almost 20 million people, with 9.7 million deaths. Nano drugs nano drugs are proposed as a superior alternative as cancer treatment with targeted drug delivery to tumor tissue and controlled release of the intended drug, in this study nano drugs derived from imidazole derivatives that are proven to have good pharmacological activity for cancer treatment will be used, in this study screening will be carried out for potential imidazole derivatives, namely compounds 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole (IMD 1), 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole (IMD 2), 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4,5 diphenyl-1H-imidazole (IMD 3) and 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol (IMD 4) as nanodrugs and evaluated their stability, and obtained the following results. At the screening of coating materials that are suitable for imidazole derived nanodrugs, namely gelatin, it is analyzed on the stability screening of nanodrug compounds in the biological environment, it is obtained that the IMD 4 nanodrug compound is the most potential nanodrug to be used, because it is still in the EPR size, which is 203.3 nm with the optimal concentration of coating at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. Then in the results of the BCA Assay, it was found that the gelatin that coated the surface of the IMD 4 nanodrug had a maximum coating capacity in the range of 50 μg/mL due to the depletion of the active site on the surface layer of the IMD 4 nanodrug, in the pH stability test of the most potential IMD 4 nanodrug still underwent aggregation, namely with a size of 575.1 nm at pH 5 and with a size of 995 nm at pH 7. The final results of FESEM characterization revealed the surface morphology of IMD 4 nanodrugs in the form of a box, with a size within the EPR range.
Studi Komposisi Kimia Produk Pirolisis Kilat Off-grade Rubber dengan Katalis Ni/Ga-SBA-15 Three Uli Sevilla Sitohang; RR Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono; Veliyana Londong Allo
Akta Kimia Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/aki.v10i2.8912

Abstract

This study investigated the chemical composition of flash pyrolysis products from off-grade rubber, a low-quality byproduct of natural rubber processing, with and without Ni/Ga-SBA-15 catalyst. The flash pyrolysis was conducted under helium using pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) at 200 °C and 300 °C. The off-grade rubber contained 23.62 ± 2.26 wt. % moisture and 11.24 ± 1.09 wt. % ash. FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups in the rubber sample, including =C–H, -CH₂, C=O, C=C, -CH₃, C–O–C, and C–O. Py-GC/MS identified major pyrolysis products at both temperatures, before and after catalyst addition, as terpenoid derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons. At 200 °C, the catalyst reduced the percent area of n-hexadecanoic acid while increasing the percent area of squalene, indicating enhanced deoxygenation activity. At 300 °C, the catalyst increased the percent areas of d-limonene, cyclohexane derivatives, and azulene. Overall, Ni/Ga-SBA-15 promoted the formation of terpenoid derivatives, while reducing the production of less desirable fatty acid derivatives. These results demonstrate that catalytic flash pyrolysis can modify product distribution from off-grade rubber.

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