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INDONESIA
Mediasi: Journal of International Relations
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 26210924     EISSN : 27461122     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21111/mediasi.v5i2.10020
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Aim and Scope Mediasi is a journal published by the University of Darussalam Gontor with its focus and scope related to International Affairs such as: Islamic Contemporary Issues International Relations Studies Diplomacy Islamic Diplomacy Political Economics International Law International Security Foreign Policy
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Sosiologi dan Ilmu Politik
Articles 122 Documents
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SEPARATIST MOVEMENT: UNITED LIBERATION MOVEMENT FOR WEST PAPUA IN PACIFIC ISLAND FORUM 2014-2018 Sarah Jasmine Az Zahra Sigar
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the pattern of separatist movements that occurred in West Papua in 2014- 2018, this movement is called the United Liberation Movement for West Papua. The internationalization of issues related to human rights violations has become the spotlight of the international community, especially the Pacific Island Forum countries. Vanuatu brought cases of human rights violations in Papua to the UN Council on behalf of the Pacific Island Forum. This separatist movement was formed in Vanuatu, and has the main agenda is solidarity on the equality of Melanesian tribes, cultures and races as well as geographical location between the PIF (Pacific Island Forum) and nearby West Papua. The United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP) is the place for the aspirations of West Papua votes. The existence of the New York Agreement in 1962 is one of the historical needs of the land of Papua for the transfer of power from the land of Papua from the Netherlands to Indonesia without the participation of representatives from Papua. A lot of support has been made by the Pacific Island Forum countries for the achievement of independence for the Papuan people. This study used a qualitative method, the data collection technique was done by looking for literature reviews, official websites, and primary data from the ULMWP secretariat, as well as official documents as supporting data. Using two helpful and strengthening concepts in this research, the concept of Human Security and Social Movement is used as a reference for developing research. There is a close correlation between Human Security which is based on the freedom to fear to maintain peace and prosperity and human rights violations that have occurred in Papua. The concept of the Social Movement is one of the efforts made by the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) in dealing with human rights issues in Papua until the formation of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP).Keywords: Separatism Movement, United Liberation Movement for West Papua, Human Rights, Human security
CLEAN CLOTHES CAMPAIGN (CCC) EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF FAST FASHION INDUSTRY WORKERS IN BANGLADESH 2016-2019 Veta Setya Lambiombir
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the efforts made by the Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) in improving the human rights of fast fashion industry workers in Bangladesh in 2016-2019. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using the concept of human rights and transnational social movements. The researcher obtained the data from various scientific journals, books, news, and articles related to the object under study. The research findings show that the efforts made by the Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) are campaigning for changes in the work environment to be more humane for workers in the fast fashion industry by voicing various human rights violations that befallen workers on the international stage. This effort was pursued by establishing the standard pledge of The Transparency Pledge and an invitation to use #GoTransparent on social media for the international society to help urge companies to sign The Transparency Pledge. In order to gather people's attention in one collective action for its campaign, Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) takes three steps in framing the issue of human rights violations of fast fashion workers in Bangladesh, namely: (a) diagnostic framing (b) prognostic framing (c) motivational framing.Keywords: Bangladesh, Clean Clothes Campaign, Fast Fashion, Human Rights, Transnational Social Movement.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHT (ICCPR) AS AN INTERNATIONAL REGIME IN INDONESIA DURING THE JOKO WIDODO ERA (2014- 2019) Nadiyah Munisah Hamelia
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

This research departs from the problems in the implementation of the protection of civil and political rights in Indonesia. After ten years of the ICCPR ratification, especially during the Joko Widodo era, there some regression in the score for freedom of expression as a crucial instrument for a democratic country's human rights issue. Specifically, this study aims to analyze the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) application as an international regime in Indonesia during the Joko Widodo administration in 2014-2015. This study used a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques through literature study. The data was taken from the official website of the organization as the responsible for supervising the fulfillment of human rights, such as; Kontras, ICJR, HRWG, and others, then through interview sessions with related parties, as well as several official documents, laws, reports and quarterly records. This thesis is analyzed based on the concept of human rights based on an Islamic perspective, the international regime's theory, and the concept of compliance and enforcement. This theoretical framework will help analyze how international treaties work as international regimes in binding participating States, especially Indonesia, to comply with the articles contained therein. This international regime will also later provide the formation of patterns of behavior in Indonesia and how Indonesia's compliance in implementing regulations in fulfilling its people's civil and political rights will result in two possible decreases or increases. Finally, it was found that in its implementation after ten years of ratification, the ICCPR experienced a regression in the fulfillment of its civil and political rights, several factors namely cause the obstacles to its implementation: lack of strength of norms created by the ICCPR against participating countries, the rules governing participating countries still have barriers and obstacles, which have implications for the decision making process in participating countries, Weak international coercion in taking action against mistakes Indonesia, As well as Indonesia has its logic of compliance in complying with the ICCPR as an international regime.Key Words: International Covenant on Civil and Political Right, International Regime, Indonesia
PERBANDINGAN UPAYA GASTRODIPLOMASI INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA DALAM MENJADI HALAL FRIENDLY COUNTRY Novi Rizka Amalia; Sena Maulana
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

Praktik diplomasi melalui pangan dalam pemanfaatannya sebagai salah satu instrument dalam bernegosiasi merupakan hal yang baru dalam dunia diplomasi. Asia Tenggara yang terdiri dari berbagai negara dengan budaya yang berbeda-beda dengan sumber daya yang kaya, terkhusus Malaysia, dan Indonesia, yang menjadi salah satu wilayah dengan kekuatan menengah ingin meningkatkan reputasi wilayahnya dengan mempromosikan makanan khas halal-nya. Dalam rangka mempromosikan makanan halal-nya untuk mengupayakan Halal Friendly Country, pemerintah negara Malaysia dan Indoneisa melakukan beberapa upaya untuk mempromosikan negaranya kepada dunia. Gastro-tourism, Kitchen for the World, Diplomasi Rendang, dan Festival Indonesia merupakan beberapa upaya yang dilakukan untuk mempromosikan halal-food tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yang disajikan dengan menggunakan jenis data sekunder yang diperoleh dari jurnal, buku, situs resmi negara dan situs yang lainnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan perbandingan upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan citra Halal Friendly Country di Indonesia dan Malaysia, yang salah satu upayanya dengan melakukan Gastrodiplomasi.Kata Kunci : Gastrodiplomasi, Indonesia, Malaysia, Halal-Friendly Country.
RESPON IRELAND PALESTINE SOLIDARITY CAMPAIGN (IPSC) TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN RUU LARANGAN IMPOR PRODUK ISRAEL TAHUN 2018 Fiani Nurmalasari
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

This study examines how the response of the Ireland Palestine Solidarity Campaign (IPSC) to Irish foreign policy, namely the Bill on the Prohibition of Importing Israeli Products in 2018. This research aims to understand how the significance of the role of transnational networks carried out by IPSC in the perspective of International Relations studies in terms of the framework Thoughts of CSOs and the Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN) especially leverage politics and accountability politics. This study applies a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis techniques sourced from primary data and secondary data. The results show that horizontally, IPSC as a CSO has a positive impact on the creation of awareness of the Irish public to support the Palestinian cause. As for vertically, the IPSC response has become significant in advocating for various transnational network actors, especially in influencing the legal level of the Irish Government to pass the legal products of the Prohibition of Importing Israeli Products Bill 2018. In the realm of international relations, civil society has a significant role in changing levels. International politics. This shows that currently international actors are not only countries but also the international community, both individually and in organizations, having a big share in the process of making a country's foreign policy.Keywords: IPSC, Israeli Products Import Prohibition Bill Policy, Civil Society Organization, Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN), Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS).
PERBANDINGAN STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR KOPI INDONESIA DAN VIETNAM DI PASAR EROPA TAHUN 2012-2019 Choirinnisa Navisatus Shalechah
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Abstract

bahan makanan, minuman dan berbagai macam obat kesehatan. Dalam satu dekade ini kopi sudah menjadi bagiam dari gaya hidup masyarakat dunia dan menjadi favorit di berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Kopi dibudidayakan lebih dari di-50 negara, diantaranya adalah Indonesia dan Vietnam ynag mengekspor lebih dari 1 juta ton/tahun. Pasar kopi potensial dan dinamis adalah pasar Eropa, yang merupakan negara dengan tingkat konsumsi kopi tertinggi dunia dan populer dengan budaya minum kopinya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah studi Komparatif dengan Metode analisis Porter Diamond Theory dan Analisis SWOT (Strenght, Weakness, Oppourtunity, Threat).  Hasil analisis dari komparasi daya saing ekspor kopi Indonesia dan Vietnam ke pasar Eropa menunjukkan bahwa, kedua negara memiliki keunggulan kompetitif pada produk kopi diatas rata-rata pasar kopi dunia. Hasil analisis dari Porter Diamond Theory menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki keunggulan pada faktor keragaman kopi khas daerah Indonesia dengan daya saing tinggi dan faktor kondisi terkait sumber daya alam, sehingga Indonesia populer dengan sabuk kopi “The Coffee Belt”. Kelemahan Indonesia terletak pada faktor kondisi terkait SDM, IPTEK serta ketersediaan infrastruktur. Adapun kopi Vietnam memiliki keunggulan pada faktor produksi yang melimpah dengan harga yang rendah dan keagresifan Vietnam dalam mencari pasar Internasional. Kelemahan Vietnam terletak pada faktor kondisi IPTEK, SDA dan SDM, Varietas kopi yang monotonic, ketersediaan infratsruktur dan banyak kesenjangan antar petani. Kata Kunci : Kopi, Indonesia, Vietnam, Daya Saing, Porter Diamond Theory, Pasar Eropa.
HAMBATAN PROSES ADVOKASI HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH (HRW) DALAM UPAYA MEMBONGKAR PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP ETNIS MUSLIM UIGHUR XINJIANG TAHUN 2016 – 2018 Yusika Brilliantama Mayang Tristanty
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hambatan upaya advokasi yang dilakukan Human Rights Watch (HRW) sebagai salah satu Organisasi Internasional non-Pemerintah dalam membongkar tindak pelanggaran hak asasi manusia di Etnis Muslim Uighur Xinjiang tahun 2016 – 2018. Dengan menggunakan tiga konsep dasar yaitu Konsep Hambatan Advokasi yaitu menggunakan pola Boomerang Pattern menurut Margaret E. Keck dan Kathryn Sikkink yang akan menjelaskan potensi kegagalan dari suatu pihak dalam upaya advokasinya. Kemudian Konsep Organisasi Internasional non-Pemerintah menurut Clive Archer yang akan menjelaskan upaya Human Rights Watch (HRW) yang berlandaskan prinsip – prinsipnya. Dan yang terakhir adalah Konsep Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Islam sesuai dengan pandangan Syed Abu A'la Maududi. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yaitu pendekatan Kualitatif dalam penulisan deskriptif - analisis, data didapatkan dari studi pustaka yang berasal dari berbagai sumber literasi. Setelah pengumpulan data, teknik analisis data dengan bersumber pada data primer seperti website resmi Human Rights Watch (HRW), dan data sekunder dari jurnal, artikel, buku dan lain sebagainya. Kesimpulannya, dalam upaya advokasi Human Rights Watch (HRW) terdapat beberapa hambatan yang muncul yaitu klaim pemerintah China atas permasalah domestic mereka, dan juga pengaruhnya di koridor global.Kata Kunci : Hambatan Advokasi, INGOs, Human Rights Watch (HRW)
THE EFFECT OF TURKISH OLIVE BRANCH OPERATION ON SYRIA’S NATIONAL SECURITY STABILITY IN 2018 Zaklyyah Widad Zaenal
: 2621-0924
Publisher : Mediasi: Journal of International Relation

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This paper explains how the Olive Branch Operation exerted influence on Syria's national security stability throughout 2018 using the concept of security stability incurred by Barry Buzan in analyzing the influences exerted by Olive Branch Operation. The method used in this study was a qualitative research method with analytical descriptive writing techniques. This research shows that the Olive Branch Operation conducted by Turkey exerts a negative influence on the stability of Syria's national security in 2018. It is based on several indicators in the military, political, economic, social, and environmental sectors. In addition, the results of this study also show that Turkey's actions to protect its territory are in accordance with Islamic teachings that allow carrying out attacks if attacked first. However, Islamic teachings have not been fully implemented in the Olive Branch Operation because there are still many adverse impacts on civilians who do not participate in the war.Keywords: Afrin; National Security; Olive Branch Operation; PYD-YPG; Turkey
ANALYSIS OF BILATERAL COOPERATION OF REPUBLIC OF KOREAN AND INDONESIA TO DEVELOPING KOREAN’S HALAL INDUSTRY Rayi Adita Sabrina
: 2621-0924
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The development of Korean Wave or Hallyu around the world gave rise to the phenomenon of bilateral cooperation between South Korea and Indonesia in the development of halal industry which is currently a popular issue in the international industry and has improved the economy in the field of industry with the concept of halal. To develop the Korean halal industry, Korea needs to conduct bilateral diplomacy and halal certification to improve the development of the Korean halal industry that is guaranteed halal. This study discusses the bilateral relationship between the Republic of Korea and Indonesia in the development of the Korean halal industry. The analysis used in this study to answer the focus of the problem is how is the strategy of Korea and Indonesia in the development of the Korean halal industry?. With the cooperation of Korea and Indonesia can know the strategy issued by Korea in developing the Korean halal industry, namely through the Korean Muslim Federation (KMF) and the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and the cooperation of the Government of South Korea with several halal certification institutions to enter the competition in the Halal market industry (Global Halal Market). South Korea's efforts in promoting themselves as a Muslim Friendly Country and knowing the potential of increasing the halal market in Indonesia. Bilateral cooperation established by the two countries has been able to improve the country's economy in the field of industry. South Korea also received a positive response in expanding its halal market and increasing investment in Indonesia. Thus, bilateral cooperation conducted by the two countries to meet the national interest is not influenced by the religious background factor of a country. It is precisely the interest factor in improving the country's economy that plays an important role in cooperation relations.Keywords: South Korea, Indonesia, Halal Industry, Bilateral Cooperation
PENURUNAN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT DI VENEZUELA TAHUN 2015-2017 Miavania Sitompul
: 2621-0924
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Amerika Latin merupakan salah satu tujuan utama Foreign Direct Investment global. Negara yang termasuk dalam kawasan ini yaitu Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chili, Ekuador, Kolombia, Meksiko, Peru dan Venezuela. Sejak awal abad 90an Foreign Direct Investment sudah memasuki pasar Amerika Latin dan sering kali mengalami perubahan yang fluktuatif. Pasar Foreign Direct Investment Amerika Latin didominasi oleh Amerika Serikat. Menjadi kawasan yang didominasi oleh ideologi sosialis, salah satu negara di Amerika Latin, Venezuela berusaha melepaskan cengkeraman kapitalisme Amerika Serikat dari hegemoni kawasan. Venezuela kemudian menerapkan suatu kebijakan untuk mencapai tujuannya dengan merangkul negara-negara tetangganya di kawasan. Sejak tahun 2014 hingga 2017 Foreign Direct Investment di Amerika Latin mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dan berdampak pada sosial ekonomi, politik serta pembangunan kawasan, salah satunya Venezuela. Penelitian ini mengkaji penyebab penurunan Foreign Direct Investment di Venezuela tahun 2015-2017 dan dampaknya pada kawasan regional. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep Nasionalisasi dan Foreign Direct Investment untuk membangun perspektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data dari dokumen-dokumen, buku, arsip, jurnal, skripsi serta thesis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penurunan Foreign Direct Investment di Venezuela disebabkan karena kebijakan nasionalisasi perusahaan asing yang diterapkan pemerintah Venezuela. Penurunan Foreign Direct Investment berdampak pada bidang ekonomi, sosial, politik dan pembangunan di Venezuela tahun 2015-2017.Kata-Kata Kunci: Amerika Latin, Venezuela, Foreign Direct Investment, Nasionalisasi, Multinational Corporation.

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