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Dian Arrisujaya
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Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Nusa Bangsa
ISSN : 20863446     EISSN : 2621508X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Sains Natural is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication with the objectives to explore the knowledge about natural sciences. This journal incorporates not only all branches of chemistry and biology, but also sub-disciplines like Biochemistry, Polymer, Agricultural chemistry, Environmental chemistry, etc.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural" : 5 Documents clear
INSIDENSI SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG PADA PERSEMAIAN KALIANDRA DI PT.USAHA TANI LESTARI SUMBA BARAT NTT. Wida Darwiati Jusuf; Mira Yulianti
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (619.249 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.259

Abstract

Stem borers at Kaliandra Nursery In PT Usaha Tani Lestari, Sumba Barat NTT.       Pest attack is the major problem in the cultivation of energy-producing wood plants, one of which is a stem borer that attacks Kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus) plant. The information regarding the level of stem borer attack is needed as a material consideration in the management of the energy-producing timber plant. The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence, calculate the percentage and intensity of attacks and identify the stem borer. This research was conducted at Kaliandra Nursery PT. Sustainable Farming in West Sumba, NTT. The results showed that the identification of stem borer pests of the Xyleborus sp (Scolytidae: Coleoptera) species. 7-month-old seedlings have been attacked with an average stem diameter of 1.21 cm and a stem height of 63.7 cm. The holes produced by the pest Xyleborus sp by 2 mm with the highest number of hole holes 30 points per seed. the distance of the first drill hole from the base is 3.01 cm and the final distance of the drill hole is 56.96 cm. The results of the percentage of attacks reached 90% with the category of severe attacks, the incidence of stem borer pests are also driven by very extreme weather factors/heat.Keywords: Stem Borer, Kaliandra, Percentage, And Intensity of The AttackABSTRAK      Serangan hama merupakan masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam budidaya tanaman penghasil kayu energi, salah satunya adalah hama penggerek batang yang banyak menyerang tanaman kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus). Informasi mengenai tingkat serangan hama penggerek batang diperlukan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam pengelolaan tanaman penghasil kayu energi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji insidensi, menghitung persentase dan intensitas serangan serta mengidentifikasi hama penggerek batang tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di persemaian kaliandra PT. Usaha Tani Lestari Sumba Barat, NTT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identifikasi hama penggerek batang adalah dari jenis Xyleborus sp (Scolytidae : Coleoptera). Bibit umur 7 bulan sudah terserang dengan rata-rata diameter batang 1,21 cm dan tinggi batang 63,7 cm. Lubang gerek yang dihasilkan hama Xyleborus sp sebesar 2 mm dengan jumlah lubang gerek terbanyak 30 titik per bibit. Jarak lubang gerek pertama dari pangkal bawah 3,01 cm dan jarak terakhir lubang gerek sepanjang 56,96 cm. Hasil persentase serangan mencapai 90% dengan kategori serangan yang berat, insidensi hama penggerek batang tersebut juga dipacu oleh faktor cuaca yang sangat ekstrem /panas.Kata Kunci : Hama penggerek batang, kaliandra, persentase, dan intensitas serangan
KARAKTERISTIK MEMBRAN KOMPOSIT BERBASIS KITOSAN/PVA TERMODIFIKASI LEMPUNG DARI BABAKAN MADANG BOGOR Thria Kharisma; Nina Ariesta; Dian Arrisujaya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (604.439 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.276

Abstract

The use of natural polymers as membranes of DMFC from chitosan was developed because it is more environmentally friendly and has high thermal stability, but the proton conductivity is low. The Clay from Babakan Madang, which contained of SiO2 50% was expected to increase proton conductivity and improve the characteristics of the polymer membrane. Chitosan / PVA based membrane synthesis was carried out by adding clay weight variations of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 g. The spectra of membranes investigated by FT-IR  confirmed the presence of functional groups from chitosan/PVA/clay. Morphological analysis using SEM showed that there were granules of clay dispersed on the membrane. The determination of membran conductivity using EIS  showed the highest proton conductivity value was a membrane with the addition of 0.6 g clay, it was 6.96 x 10-7 S / cm. The membrane water swelling produced on the three membranes tended to be high, with the smallest value of 56.69% on the membrane with the addition of 0.9 grams of clay. The methanol uptake data found that the conductivity of membrane with the addition of 0.6 grams of clay was 346.11%.
STUDY OF GELATIN FROM DUCK BONE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF HALAL GELATIN Muhammad Habbib Khirzin
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (857.769 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.237

Abstract

Gelatin is an intermediate ingredient which is oftenly used in many field such as food, pharmacy, and cosmetics. It is usually extracted from pig and cow. Halal issue of gelatin sources and the outbreaks of mad cow diseases encouraged people to find an alternative sources of gelatin. One of the alternative sources of gelatin was duck bone. The aim of this research was to describe physicochemical properties of duck bone gelatin which is extracted by using acid extraction method as an alternative sources of halal gelatin. The extraction of duck bone gelatin used 5% concentration of HCl (hydrochloric acid). The extraction process consisted of four steps, they were degreassing, defating, demineralization, and acid extraction. The result showed that gelatin which was extracted from duck bone had these several characteristic: yield of 6.24%, pH 4.0, water content of 13.43%, ash content of 13.42%, protein content of 65.43%, and whiteness degree of 30.35%. Generally, gelatin which was extracted from duck bone had similar characteristic with commercial gelatin and SNI standard. Further researcher had been suggested to reoptimized extraction method in order to reduce ash content.
VIABILITAS PROBIOTIK Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 SETELAH MIKROENKAPSULASI Benni James Stepen Silaban; Lany Nurhayati; Apriliana Wahyu Hartanti
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.999 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.266

Abstract

Viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 after Microencapsulation      This study was aim to select the viability the Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 during the spray drying method, to produce a fermented milk powder containing probiotic. Since spray drying process use the high temperature, suitable encapsulation material will increase the vaibility of probiotic and the quality of the final product. Three different encapsulation materials which were maltodextrin, whey protein isolate, and inulin with several formulations were used. The spray drying temperature used in this study was 130°C (inlet) and 60°C (outlet). The quality of the fermented milk powder containing L.acidophilus DLBSD102 bacteria strain was evaluated by measure the bacterial viability, bacterial cell resistance from hot temperatures, bile salts (0.5%) low pH (pH 2.0), and the presence of possible pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the additional encapsulation material of inulin yielded a good quality fermented milk powder, compared with a mixture of encapsulation materials of maltodextrin: whey protein isolate (3:1), based on viability of probiotics after spray drying was increased, bacterial cell resistance to hot temperature, bile salt (0.5%) low pH (pH 2.0), and resistance to the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The addition of encapsulation material in the form of inulin yielded viability of BAL bacteria with log decrease of 0.20 ± 0,01 log CFU/g whereas without inulin addition decreased by 0.51± 0.36 log CFU/g when dried. Therefore, the mixture of encapsulation materials :maltodextrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1) is used in the microencapsulation process of BAL by yielding 8.93% heat resistance, bile salt resistance of 78.55%, resistance to pH 2 of 77.25%, total titrated acids by 2.38%, moisture content during storage of 4.33% (4°C) and 3.96% (25°), pH value during fermentation process was 3.59±0,35 and no pathogenic bacteria was detected during production, packaging and storage for 4 weeks.Keywords: L. acidophilus DLBSD102, microenkapsulation, enkapsulation material, spray dryingABSTRAK      Penelitian ini tentang viabilitas Lactobacillus acidophilus DLBSD102 menggunakan bahan enkapsulan yang sesuai dengan metode pengeringan semprot. Tujuannya menghasilkan sediaan produk probiotik berupa serbuk susu fermentasi. Efektivitas mikroenkapsulasi dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemilihan jenis bahan enkapsulan yang tepat saat akan dikeringkan. Suhu pengeringan semprot yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 130°C (inlet) dan 60°C (outlet). Bahan enkapsulan yang digunakan adalah campuran dari maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1). Kualitas serbuk susu fermentasi dari strain bakteri L.acidophilus DLBSD102 yang diperoleh dievalusi termasuk viabilitas bakteri, ketahanan sel bakteri terhadap suhu panas, garam empedu (0,5%) pH rendah (pH 2,0) dengan metode cawan tuang, dan evaluasi kemungkinan adanya bakteri patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan enkapsulan tambahan berupa inulin menghasilkan serbuk susu fermentasi dengan kualitas yang baik, dibandingkan dengan campuran bahan enkapsulan berupa maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate (3:1), yang didasarkan pada viabilitas probiotik setelah pengeringan semprot dan meningkatkan, ketahanan sel bakteri terhadap suhu panas, garam empedu (0,5%) pH rendah (pH 2,0), dan ketahanan terhadap adanya bakteri patogen. Penambahan bahan enkapsulan berupa inulin menghasilkan viabilitas bakteri BAL dengan log penurunan sebesar 0,20±0,01 log CFU/g sedangkan tanpa penambahan inulin mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,51±0,36 log CFU/g saat dikeringkan. Oleh sebab itu, campuran bahan enkapsulan maltodekstrin:whey protein isolate:inulin (3:1:1) digunakan dalam proses mikroenkapsulasi BAL dengan menghasilkan ketahanan terhadap panas sebesar 8,93%, ketahanan terhadap garam empedu sebesar 78,55%, ketahanan terhadap pH 2 sebesar 77,25%, total asam tertirasi sebesar 2,38%, kadar air selama penyimpanan sebesar 4,33% (4°C) dan 3,96% (25°), nilai pH selama proses fermentasi sebesar 3,59±0,35 dan serbuk susu fermentasi tidak mengandung bakteri patogen selama proses produksi, pengemasan hingga penyimpanan selama 4 minggu.Kata kunci: Probiotik L. acidophilus DLBSD102, mikroenkapsulasi, bahan enkapsulan
EFEKTIVITAS KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI SIRSAK GUNUNG (Annona montana Macf.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS RAYAP TANAH (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren., Rhinotermitidae Agus Ismanto; Moerfiah Moerfiah; Achmad Supriadi; Muhamad Nizar Zulfikar
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (444.985 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v10i1.279

Abstract

One of the insects that cause a lot of damage are termites. Forms of damage that can be caused by termites include damage to building components that made of wood and the contents of the building in the form of furniture, books, cloth, and even securities. One example of a termite species that is dangerous as a pest is Coptotermes curvignathus. Mountain soursop seeds have bioactive compounds that are very cytotoxic, so they have potential as insecticides. This research Used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of controls and 5 treatments (P1) 20%, (P2) 40%, (P3) 60%, (P4) 80% (P5) 100% mountain soursop seed extract. The parameters observed were retention, termite mortality, and weight reduction in the test sample. Mountain soursop seed extract is effective as an insecticide against subterranean termites. The concentration of mountain soursop seed extract 40% (P2) causes termite mortality of 100% and a decrease in sample weight by 0.43%. Mountain soursop seed extract has the potential to be developed as an anti-termite species Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The retention value produced in the test sample based on SNI 03-5010.1-1999 shows that the mountain soursop seed extract with a concentration of 20% (P1) meets the standard retention of interior wood use, while extracts with a concentration of 40% (P2) meet the standard of retention of exterior wood use.Keywords: Mountain soursop seeds, Retention, mortality, weight decrease, Subterranean TermiteABSTRAKRayap banyak menimbulkan kerugian seperti rusaknya komponen bangunan yang terbuat dari kayu, beserta isi bangunannya seperti furnitur, kertas, bahan kain dan lain-lain. Salah satu contoh spesies rayap yang berbahaya sebagai hama adalah Coptotermes curvignathus. Biji sirsak gunung memiliki senyawa bioaktif bersifat sitotoksik yang sangat kuat, sehingga memiliki potensi sebagai insektisida. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu (P1) 20%, (P2) 40%, (P3) 60%, (P4) 80% (P5) 100% dan kontrol. Parameter yang diamati meliputi retensi, mortalitas rayap, dan penurunan berat sampel. Ekstrak biji sirsak gunung efektif sebagai insektisida terhadap rayap tanah. Konsentrasi ekstrak biji sirsak gunung 40% (P2) menyebabkan mortalitas rayap sebesar 100% dan penurunan berat contoh uji sebesar 0,43%. Ekstrak biji sirsak gunung berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai anti rayap tanah jenis Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji sirsak gunung dengan konsentrasi 20% (P1) memenuhi standar retensi penggunaan kayu interior, sementara ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 40% (P2) memenuhi standar retensi penggunaan kayu eksterior.

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