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Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Nusa Bangsa
ISSN : 20863446     EISSN : 2621508X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Sains Natural is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication with the objectives to explore the knowledge about natural sciences. This journal incorporates not only all branches of chemistry and biology, but also sub-disciplines like Biochemistry, Polymer, Agricultural chemistry, Environmental chemistry, etc.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural" : 5 Documents clear
KANDUNGAN KIMIA DARI LIMBAH LUMPUR INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM UNTUK BETON GEOPOLIMER DENGAN XRF Nuryanti Nuryanti; Ridha Arizal; Dian Arrisujaya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.279 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.254

Abstract

Chemical Containt of Waste Water Installation of Drinking Water Treatment for Geopolymer Concrete by XRF Preparation of geopolymer concrete from waste water installation of drinking water treatment (WIDWT) was manufactured in accordance with SNI. Specimen of size 5 x 5 x 5 cm cubes was used for the concretes. The mortar material consisted of binders, activator, aggregate (fine sand) and water (60% of aggregate and 40% of activators and binders). The composition of the activator and binder mixture were 1: 2; 1: 1,5; 1: 1; 1.5: 1; and 2: 1. The results of the comparison of binders A and B were 4.2: 1 and 6.5: 1. The binders were divided into 2 types: A binder (sludge of WIDWT was dried with oven at 105oC for 24 hours) and B Binder (sludge of WIDWT was dried by kiln at 650oC for 6 hours). The highest compressive strength test was 10.00 MPa on binder A with the ratio of activator and binder 1: 1 and Si: Al ratio (4.2: 1). Binder B with a compressive strength of 9.87 MPa with the ratio of activator and binder 1.5: 1 and Si: Al ratio (6.5: 1). Samples of IPAM sludge waste were tested by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), compressive strength testing of mortar geopolymer with Toni-Technik compressive strength test. The highest value of compressive strength appropriated to SNI 03-0691-1996 in class D which can be applied for City Park.Keywords: geopolymer, WIDWT, XRF, activator, binder ABSTRAK Pembuatan beton geopolimer dari limbah instalasi pengolahan air minum (IPAM) telah dilakukan. Beton geopolimer dibuat sesuai dengan SNI pembuatan mortar geopolimer dengan ukuran 5 x 5 x 5 cm. Bahan mortar terdiri dari binder, larutan aktivator dan agregat (pasir halus) serta air dengan perbandingan 60% (agregat) dan 40%(aktivator dan binder). Parameter variasi campuran aktivator dan binder yaitu 1:2; 1:1,5; 1:1; 1,5:1; dan 2:1. Binder dibagi menjadi 2 jenis yaitu Binder A (lumpur IPAM yang dikeringkan dengan oven pada suhu 105oC selama 24 jam) dan Binder B (lumpur IPAM yang dikeringkan dengan tanur pada suhu 650oC selama 6 jam). Hasil perbandingan binder A dan B adalah 4,2:1 dan 6,5:1. Hasil uji kuat tekan tertinggi sebesar 10,00 Mpa pada binder A dengan perbandingan aktivator dan binder 1:1 dengan perbandingan Si:Al (4,2:1). Binder B dengan kuat tekan 9,87 Mpa dengan perbandingan aktivator dan binder 1,5:1 dengan perbandingan Si:Al (6,5:1). Sampel limbah lumpur IPAM diuji dengan X-Ray Flourescene (XRF), pengujian kuat tekan mortar geopolimer dengan alat uji kuat tekan merk Toni-Technik. Nilai kuat tekan tertinggi memasuki persyaratan mutu SNI 03-0691-1996 pada kelas D yang bisa diaplikasikan untuk taman kota.Kata Kunci: geopolimer, IPAM, XRF, aktivator, binder
UJI SIFAT FISIKA-KIMIA DAN IDENTIFIKASI FENIL ETIL ALKOHOL MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA MAWAR HASIL EKSTRAKSI PELARUT Nur Malasari; RTM Sutamihardja; Amry Syawaalz
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (772.037 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.258

Abstract

Test of Physical and chemical Properties  and Identification of Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol of Essential Oil Roses from Solvent ExtractionThe technology of extraction of roses oil currently is developed in small scale industries through distillation. However, this technology has many disadvantages. To overcome these obstacles, it is necessary to do research by using solvent extraction vapor (solvent extraction).This study was conducted to determine the type of solvent and the right ratio of solvent to obtain the highest "concrete" and "absolute" yields on the extraction of roses. The solvents chosen in this study were n-hexane, petroleum ether and ethanol with a ratio of 1: 3, 1: 4 and 1: 5 w / v. The 1: 5 w / v n-hexane solvent was the right solvent for extracting roses with the highest "concrete" and "absolute" yield levels for the perfume making of 0.85% and 0.07%. The main chemical component of rose essential oil detected by KGSM is phenyl ethyl alcohol with the highest phenyl ethyl alcohol content found in "absolute" of 1: 4 w / v n-hexane extraction of 6.53%.Keywords: Rose Flower, Essential Oil, Ekstraksi pelarutABSTRAK Teknologi ekstraksi minyak bunga mawar saat ini yang berkembang pada industri skala kecil yaitu penyulingan. Namun, teknologi ini memiliki banyak kelemahan. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan ekstraksi pelarut mudah menguap (solvent extraction). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui  jenis pelarut dan perbandingan pelarut yang tepat untuk memperoleh rendemen “concrete” dan “absolut” tertinggi pada hasil ekstraksi bunga mawar. Pelarut yang dipilih pada penelitian ini adalah  n-heksana, petroleum eter dan etanol dengan perbandingan 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5 b/v. Pelarut n-heksana 1:5 b/v  adalah pelarut yang tepat untuk mengekstraksi bunga mawar dengan kadar rendemen “concrete” dan “absolut”  tertinggi untuk pembuatan parfum sebesar  0,85 % dan 0,07%. Komponen kimia utama minyak atsiri bunga mawar yang terdeteksi oleh KGSM adalah fenil etil alkohol dengan kadar fenil etil alkohol tertinggi terdapat pada “absolut” hasil ekstraksi n-heksana 1:4 b/v sebanyak 6,53%.Kata kunci: Bunga Mawar, Minyak Atsiri, Solvent Extraction
PENETAPAN NILAI KALORI DALAM BATUBARA DENGAN KALORIMETER PARR 6200 Finda Pratiwi Istomo; Ameylia Tristiasti
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (567.619 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.257

Abstract

Determining Calory Value of Coal With Calorimeter Parr 6200 Coal is a source of energy utilized by the process of making cement. This type of coal determines the quality and calorific value of the coal. Determination of calorific value on coal is done by using calorimeter. Coal types studied were A and B coal mixture with ratio 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The results showed that the mixture of A and B coal with a ratio of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 can be used for combustion in the manufacture of cement in the furnace because it has a calorific value above 6000 in accordance with the standards of the cement factory . Water content affects the calorific value of coal, the higher of moisture content, the lower the heating value.Keywords: Coal, Calorimeter, Heat valueABSTRAK Batubara merupakan sumber energi yang dimanfaatkan oleh proses pembuatan semen. Jenis batubara menentukan kualitas dan nilai kalor dari batubara tersebut. Penentuan nilai kalor pada batu bara dilakukan dengan menggunakan kalorimeter. Jenis batubara yang diteliti yaitu Campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran batubara A dan B dengan perbandingan 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, dan 50:50 dapat digunakan untuk pembakaran dalam pembuatan semen di tanur bakar karena memiliki nilai kalori diatas 6000 sesuai dengan standar perusahan pabrik semen. Kadar air mempengaruhi nilai kalori batubara, yaitu semakin tinggi kadar air semakin rendah nilai kalor.Kata Kunci: Batu Bara, Kalorimeter, nilai kalor
PERBANDINGAN HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIS DAN ASAM TERHADAP PATI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L.) DALAM PEMBUATAN GULA CAIR RTM Sutamihardja; Mia Azizah; Bekti Dwisepti Mafiana
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (584.315 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.255

Abstract

Comparison Hydrolisis of Enzymatic and Acid of  Sweet Corn Starch (Zea mays L.) in Liquid Sugar ProductionSweet corn starch (Zea mays L.) contains high carbohydrate that can be used for food and industrial purposes. Sweet corn starch can be used for liquid sugar as alternative sweetener by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed by treating the starch with alpha amylase for liquefaction and glucoamylase for saccharification, while acid hydrolysis was performed by mixing the starch with 1,0 N hydrochloric acid. According to the results, the yield of enzymatic hydrolysis is higher than acid hydrolysis. The highest yield of liquid sugar is 91,73% produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using alpha amylase 42µL and glucoamylase 42µL and 59,40% of reducing sugar. The yield of liquid sugar produced by acid hydrolysis using HCl 1,0 N is 78,55% and 31,48% of reducing sugar.Key words: Zea mays, starch, liquid sugar, hydrolisis of hydrochloric acid, hydrolisis of alpha amylase, hydrolisis of glucoamylaseABSTRAKPati jagung manis (Zea mays L.) mengandung karbohidrat cukup tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pangan dan industri. Pati jagung manis dapat diolah menjadi gula cair dan digunakan sebagai pemanis alternatif melalui hidrolisis pati baik secara enzimatis atau asam. Hidrolisis enzimatis melalui tahap likuifikasi menggunakan alfa amilase dan tahap sakarifikasi menggunakan glukoamilase. Hidrolisis asam dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida 0,1 N. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gula cair hasil hidrolisis enzimatis menghasilkan rendemen lebih tinggi dibandingkan hidrolisis asam. Rendemen gula cair paling tinggi dihasilkan pada proses hidrolisis enzimatis menggunakan alfa amilase 42µL dan glukoamilase 42µL sebesar 91,73% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 59,40%. Rendemen gula cair hidrolisis asam menggunakan HCl 1,0 N sebesar 78,55% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 31,48%.Kata kunci: Zea mays, pati, gula cair, hidrolisis HCl, hidrolisis enzim alfa-amilase, hidrolisis enzim glukoamilase
KUALITAS AIR SUMUR MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH (TPAS) RAWA KUCING KOTA TANGERANG Wahyuni Wahyuni; Supriyono Eko Wardoyo; Ridha Arizal
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (843.657 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v7i2.256

Abstract

The Quality of Well Water around Final Garbage Dump (FGD)  Rawa Kucing, Tangerang, IndonesiaFGD Rawa Kucing is located at Sultan Iskandar Muda Street, Kedaung Wetan, Neglasari, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. It serves 1000 tons of garbage per day from 13 districts in Tangerang. The volume of garbage in Kota Tangerang increases from 1,212,264 m3 in 2008 to 4,590,724 m3in 2012.Well water is the main source of water for people around the FGD RawaKucing. They use well water for bath, wash,  and toilet (BWT) and other needs. Garbage decomposition which makes pollution around FGD Rawa Kucing can accur in air, water, and soil. Waste accurs in water and soil caused by leachate. Leachate can easily  spread through rainwater runoff and it absorbs to the ground and polluting it including well water around it. Contaminated well water can decrease the quality of water physically, chemically, and microbiologically.Groundwater samples taken from residents' well water around FGD Rawa Kucing  and they were represented by three groups which have distance 100 m - 3 km from FGD. Each group consisted of three samples which were taken from well water having depths between 8-18 m. The examination of the quality of well water should be made in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.416/MENKE /PER/IX/1990 on the Conditions and Control of the Quality of Clean Water and Quality Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/ on Requirements and Quality Control of Drinking Water.The quality of well water around FGD Rawa Kucing showed that there were the decreased quality water after testing with several parameter tests. There were six examination parameters which concentrate on exceeding the required quality standards that of TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrates (10.5-37.8 mg/L), Ammonia (3.50-66.21 mg/L), Iron (1.054-7.063 mg/L), Manganese (1.085-10.130 mg/L), and Total Coliform (80-130 colonies/100 mL).Keywords : Well water, leachate, TPAS, pollution, water qualityABSTRAKTPAS Rawa Kucing berada di Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Kelurahan Kedaung Wetan, Kecamatan Neglasari, Kota Tangerang, Banten dan mengangkut 1000 ton sampah/hari dari 13 kecamatan.Volume sampah di Kota Tangerang terus meningkat dari tahun 2008 sebesar 1.212.264 m3 sampai pada tahun 2012 telah mencapai 4.590.724 m3. Air sumur merupakan sumber air utama bagi masyarakat sekitar TPAS, karena hampir semua kebutuhan air dipenuhi dari air sumur yaitu untuk Mandi Cuci Kakus (MCK) dan kebutuhan lainnya. Pencemaran akibat dekomposisi sampah dapat terjadi di udara, dapat pula terjadi pada air dan tanah yang disebabkan oleh adanya rembesan air lindi. Lindi tersebut mudah disebarkan melalui limpasan air hujan dan meresap mencemari air tanah termasukair sumur yang ada di sekitarnya. Air sumur yang terkontaminasi lindi berakibat terjadinya penurunan kualitas air secara fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi. Air tanah sampelyang diambil berasal dari sumur penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing diwakili oleh 3 pengelompokkan dengan jarak 100 m – 3 km dari TPAS. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 sumur pompa dengan kedalaman sumur antara 8 – 18 m. Pemeriksaan kualitas air sumur dilakukan  mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Bersih dan Peraturan MenteriKesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 tentang Syarat-syaratdan Pengawasan Kualitas Air minum.  Kualitas air sumur masyarakat di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap beberapa parameter. Ada 6 parameter pemeriksaan yang mempunyai konsentrasi  melebihi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan yaitu TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrat (10,5-37,8 mg/L), Amonia (3,50-66,21 mg/L), Besi (1,054-7,063 mg/L), Mangan (1,085-10,130 mg/L), dan Total Coliform (80-130 koloni/100 mL).Kata kunci : Air sumur, air lindi, TPAS, pencemaran, kualitas air

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