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INDONESIA
Jurnal Purifikasi
Published by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
ISSN : 14113465     EISSN : 25983806     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science
Jurnal Purifikasi was published since January 2000 by Division of Journal Purifikasi Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environment and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya in collaboration with the Association of Indonesian Sanitary and Environmental Techniques (IATPI) East Java. Jurnal Purifikasi is published twice a year in July and December, covers topics on technology and management related to environmental engineering field.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 385 Documents
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DINAMIKA AIR TANAH DAN INTER RELASINYA DENGAN AIR SUNGAI DI CEKUNGAN BANDUNG Satrio Satrio
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 1 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i1.143

Abstract

At the present time, water scarcity in Bandung Basin has reached its critical point, marked with springs that stop discharging and lowering water table. The same condition can be seen on river water that heavily exposed by industrial waste along the river. Through environmental isotopes (2H, 18O and 14C) approach, the condition of deep and shallow groundwater wells alongside the river can be known. This research was conducted by taking some samples of shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and river water (Citarum, Cikapundung, Cikeruh and Citarik). The amount of water sample needed for 2H and 18O isotopes analysis was 20 ml, whereas for 14C isotope analysis, 60 liters of water sample needed to extract into BaCl­3 precipitation. Based on isotopes 2H, 18O and graphic 2H vs 18O data show that there are three of resident groundwater (shallow groundwater) which its groundwater have been mixing by river water. Whereas the result of isotope 14C, does not show inter relation, either by shallow groundwater or river water. From iso-age contour, it could be concluded that the dynamics pattern of deep groundwater show movement derived from north and south mountains to north-west direction (Cimahi and Leuwigajah). These locations are industrial area with very high groundwater exploitation.
PENGARUH LIMBAH CUCIAN PERAK TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKROANATOMI HEPATOPANKREAS IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus Trewavas) Alpha Olivia Hidayati
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 1 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i1.144

Abstract

The wastewater from the washing unit of silverwork industries may contain toxic substances, such as lead, copper, silver, nickel, and mercury. The waste water is generally discharged to a nearby ditch or canal without any treatment. The waste water might cause a harmful effect to the aquatic organisms in the canal. This research was aimed to determine the effect of silver waste water to the microanatomy structure of the hepatopancreas of nila fish (Oreochromis niloticus Trewavas), and to measure the concentration of the waste water which caused the effect. The method used in this research consisted of acclimation of test animals, toxicity tests (orientation test, preceeding test, actual test) for determining the LC50-96 hours. Waste concentration levels of 0; 0,06 %; 0,07 %; 0,07 %; 0,08 %; and 0,09 % were used during this research. The experiment used 25 nila fishes which were divided into five groups. The next steps was preparing the hepatopancreas microanatomy using paraffin method. The cells were dyed with hematoxylin-eosin. The cell damage was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of hepatopancreas microanatomy observation showed that the increase of nila fish hepatopancreas cell damage was proportional to the increase of silver wastewater concentration. The damage was shown as the occurence of cloudy swelling, hydrophic degeneration, fatty degeneration, and necrosis. Results of this research also showed that the waste water of the silverwork industry contained lead, copper, silver, nickel, and mercury, which exceeded the waste water quality standards.
PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI PLASTICIZER DENGAN PENAMBAHAN OKSIDATOR KUAT Unggul Baskoro
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.145

Abstract

This research was aimed to analyze the effect of strong oxidator addition for COD and isopropanol removals in plasticizer wastewater. This research used wastewater from the inlet and outlet of DV-03 in PT Petronika Gresik. Strong oxidators were added into the reactor with a coagulation rate of 100 rpm for 10 minutes. The flocculation mixing rate was 40 rpm for 60 minutes. The wastewater samples were collected within 1 hour and 24 hours after the mixing process for COD and isopropanol measurements. The results showed that the COD removal was 46% and that of for isopropanol was 82% with the addition of H2O2. The addition of fenton reagent (Fe2+ and H2O2 1:4) at dose of 40 g/L removed 96% of COD and 93% of isopropanol in the outlet DV-03 wastewater samples.
BIOKONVERSI SELULOSA DARI LIMBAH TONGKOL JAGUNG MENJADI GLUKOSA MENGGUNAKAN JAMUR ASPERGILLUS NIGER Soeprijanto Soeprijanto
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.146

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to obtain glucose from corn-cob through enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase from Aspergillus niger, and to study the effects of enzyme dose and particle size on the hydrolysis processes. The experiment was started with enzyme preparation from A. niger and cellulase examination. The experiment was then continued with corn-cob composition analysis. Hydrolysis with acid was conducted by immersing the corn-cob in FeTNa solutions. Cellulose hydrolyses using enzyme from A. niger at various particle sizes and enzyme doses were performed and compared. The best activities of cellulase was observed at a concentration 2.257 IU/mL with incubation time of 4 days. Conversion of cellulose to glucose was best (51.01%) at corn-cob particle size of 100 mesh and enzyme volume of 50 mL.
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ADDITION ON THE PACT PROCESS UNDER DIFFERENT ADSORPTION/DESORPTION AND BIODEGRADATION CONDITIONS Tri Widjaya
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.147

Abstract

Many kinds of hazardous waste water contain a variety of different biologically inhibitory compounds that affect the efficiency of biological treatment. The majority of the components in complex waste water may be easily biodegraded if the inhibitory compounds are removed by physical adsorption. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) has been used to decrease the concentration of inhibitory compounds in the powdered activated carbon treatment (PACT) process. The combined biological and physical adsorption mechanisms decrease the concentration of inhibitory compounds using the large adsorptive capacity of PAC in the PACT reactor making the reactor resilient to changes in operation and wastewater composition. The main aims of the study were to evaluate the performance of PACT process for shock loading of substances with different adsorbility/desorbility to PAC and biodegradability. This experiment used synthetic wastewater with polypepton as the main component. A continuous bioreactor was used, with a flow rate of 7 l h-1. The pH value was adjusted from 6.5 to 7.5 by the addition of 0.01 N-sodium hydroxide or 0.01 N sulphuric acid. Dissolved oxygen concentration was maintained at around 2 mg/L by aeration. Coal-based PAC (Mitsubishi chemical: Diahope 008 N) at a concentration of 1,500 mg/L was added to the aeration tank of PACT reactor. Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in the aeration tank were maintained at 4,500 mg/L (biomass = 3,000 mg/L, PAC = 1,500 mg/L) and at 3,000 mg/L for the control reactor. Solid retention time (SRT) was about 15 days. The 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP), bromo phenol (BP) and bromo acetic acid (BAA) were chosen as toxic compounds. The PACT reactor showed high performance for 3,5-DCP, 3-BP and BAA removals. In the PACT process, 3,5-DCP was removed only by adsorption, but the 3-BP was removed by biodegradation and adsorption. This is due to the difference in biodegradabilities between 3,5-DCP and 3-BP irrespective of similar absorbilities. Although adsorption was the main mechanism to remove 3,5-DCP with low desorbility, both adsorption and biodegradation contributed to remove of 3-BP and BAA with high desorbilites. In the PACT reactor, the 3-BP and BAA were biodegraded both directly and indirectly. For indirect biodegradation, both substances were adsorbed on PAC and then desorbed from PAC after the shock loading, and finally they are biodegraded. Although the biodegradability and desorbility of BAA was higher than that of 3-BP, the biodegraded BAA was 54% smaller than that of 3-BP. This is because the biodegradability of BAA in the PACT process was due to the chemical desorbility. The performance of the PACT processes was affected by adsorbility and desorbility of the chemicals, in which the desorbility of the chemicals had significant impacts on the biodegradability.
PENGARUH LUMPUR PT LAPINDO BRANTAS TERHADAP KOROSI PADA STRUKTUR BAJA Herman Pratikno
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.149

Abstract

The natural gas mine owned by PT Lapindo Brantas failed to be operated. This has caused the hot mud to blow out from the exploration well in Porong, Sidoarjo, East Java. The mud contains corrosive substances, which can cause corrosion to the steel structure. This research was aimed to determine the corrosion rate and types of corrosion, which could be caused by the mud. The results were compared to those caused by the rice field mud. Railway steel ASTM A-607, water pipe JIS G3106, lighting pole ASTM A572 Gr 65, oil and gas pipe ASTM A53 steel materials were tested during this research. The corrosion tests were done according to ASTM G 48 at normal temperature for 72 hours. The results showed that the corrosion rate was about 4.53 times faster than the corrosion rate which was caused by the rice field mud. The most resistant steel structure was the gas pipe.
PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KINERJA LINGKUNGAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN GREEN PRODUCTIVITY PADA RUMAH PEMOTONGAN AYAM Moses L. Singgih
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.150

Abstract

Chicken slaughter industry generates waste water and solid wastes, which are rich in organic component, and known as potential environmental pollutant source. Green productivity should be used for finding a solution to increase the productivity and preservation of natural resources. This research was initiated by identifying the pollutant source, defining the goal and target, and selecting resources and information that were available for creating a green productivity alternative solution in a chicken slaughter house, which was located in the city of Magetan, East Java Province. The alternative green productivity in this research was developed by modifying the waste management and manufacturing device and facilities. Modification of waste water management was carried out by flushing the blood containing waste water into a digester for biogas production. The manufacturing devices and facilities were proposed by applying a technology concept, which eased washing process, created waste pool filter, built catfish breeding tank, and created biogas digester. The selected alternative solution was estimated to be able to increase productivity index from 120.51% to 121.53%. The modification of wastewater management and waste filter production will increase the EPI value from 0.18 to 5.13. The use of selected alternative solution for water consumption could save 6.3 m3 of water a year. Conclusively, using the proposed alternative green productivity pattern, the chicken slaughter house can act as an environment- friendly industry.
PENGARUH KANDUNGAN SULFAT TERHADAP PARAMETER KINETIKA MIKROBA DALAM PEMBUATAN BIOGAS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SULFAT REDUCING BACTERIA (SRB) Nuniek Hendrianie
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.151

Abstract

The global energy crisis that has occurred recently made engineers and policy makers to realize that dependency on natural oil should be reduced. In order to respond to this situation, development of technology for alternative non-oil fuel production, which is environmental friendly, should be generated. Biogas is an alternative energy, which has been widely researched by many scientists. The purpose of this research is to optimize biogas production from industrial wastewater treatment sludge of PT SIER by reducing sulphate content using Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) and to determine the kinetics parameters for reactor design. The SRB which was used in this research was Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. The SRB reduced the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from sulphate. From former research, it was obtained that the addition of 0.1% SRB resulted in high CH4 and low H2S contents. In this research batch digesters with COD/sulphate ratios of 2:1 and 2.5:1 and addition of 0.1% SRB were used for 15 days. The results showed that digester with COD/SO42- ratio of 2:1 showed better performance than that with COD/SO42- ratio of 2.5:1. The gas compositions in the reactor with COD/SO42- ratio of 2:1 were: CH4 = 78.4 %, H2S = 0.16%, and CO2 = 15.90% . The measured heat value in this reactor was 11,980 Kcal/kg; and the percentage of H2S reduction was 94.30%. The gas compositions in the reactor with COD/SO42- ratio 2.5:1 were CH4 = 76.82%, H2S = 0.22%, CO2 = 16.42%. The heat value in this reactor was 11,820 Kcal/kg, and H2S reduction was 92.10%. The sulphate reduction in the reactor with COD/SO42- ratio of 2:1 is 89.2%, with kinetics velocity (µm) = 0,008 L/day, Km = 5907.943 mg/L, and Yield = 5.668. Additionally, in reactor with COD/SO42- ratio 2.5:1, the sulphate reduction was 86.6% with kinetics velocity (µm) = 0.002 L/day, Km = 6179.315 mg/L, and Yield = 2.626.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK LOKASI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL) SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN PERKOTAAN DI SURABAYA Sri Amiranti; Erwin Sudarma
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.153

Abstract

The existence of the street vendor (PKL) in Surabaya evidently emerges urban environmental problem, i.e. traffic jam, and environmental dirtiness. The incompatibility of location with the city spatial order and the negative environmental impact, has pushed the local government to remove the location to other place. These relocation efforts were failed evidently, indicated by the return of the street vendor to the formerly location or moving to other location. The reason is: the new location is not suitable for the street vendor’s activity. In order to determine the most suitable location for this street vendor, a characterization of the street vendor location being considered as “the correct location” for this informal sector activities, is needed. Behavior setting approach will be used to reveal the synomorphy between activity and the place. Results of the characterization of street vendor location study can be used as a basic determinant for street vendor location selection, as a part of urban environmental management
PENGARUH BEBAN GAS TERHADAP PENYERAPAN GAS CO2 DALAM ABSORPSI CAMPURAN UDARA DAN GAS CO2 OLEH LARUTAN K2CO3 PADA PACKED COLUMN Kusnarjo Kusnarjo
Purifikasi Vol 9 No 2 (2008): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v9.i2.154

Abstract

This research was aimed to study the influence of gas loading on CO2 absorbance quantity in CO2 and air flow. Potassium carbonate solution was contacted counter currently in a 10 cm diameter and 150 cm high raschig ring packed column. The packing was prepared from 1.0 cm diameter and 2 cm high aluminium alloy, which was filled in a column of 100 cm high. CO2 was applied from the bottom and K2CO3 solution was added counter currently from the top of the column. The inlet gas consisted of pure CO2 and mixture of CO2 and air containing 20% mole CO2. The gas flow rate varied from 8 to 24 L/minute, and the liquid flow rate was varied from 3 to 7 L/minute. The concentration of K2CO3 in liquid inlet varied from 1 M and 1,5 M. The research result showed that in pure CO2 and 1M K2CO3 concentration, the CO2 absorption efficiency increased from 3.79 to 13.54 % and in 1.5 M K2CO3 concentration, the CO2 absorption efficiency increased from 3.90 to 13.80 %. In CO2 concentration of 20% with K2CO3 solution of 1 M concentration the, CO2 absorption efficiency increased from 7.88 to 16.37 %. The CO2 absorption increased from 11.22 to 16.87% in K2CO3 concentration of 1.5 M.

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