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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry Energy
The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy Architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and Tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen Production Technology, Energy Policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency and management The journal was first introduced in February 2012 and regularly published online three times a year (February, July, October).
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 573 Documents
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The feasibility of utilizing microwave-assisted pyrolysis for Albizia branches biomass conversion into biofuel productions Abd, Maha Faisal; Al-Yaqoobi, Atheer Mohammed
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.56907

Abstract

The consumption of fossil fuels has caused many challenges, including environmental and climate damage, global warming, and rising energy costs, which has prompted seeking to substitute other alternative sources. The current study explored the microwave pyrolysis of Albizia branches to assess its potential to produce all forms of fuel (solid, liquid, gas), time savings, and effective thermal heat transfer. The impact of the critical parameters on the quantity and quality of the biofuel generation, including time, power levels, biomass weight, and particle size, were investigated. The results revealed that the best bio-oil production was 76% at a power level of 450 W and 20 g of biomass. Additionally, low power levels led to enhanced biochar production, where a percentage of 70% appeared when employing a power level of 300 W. Higher power levels were used to increase the creation of gaseous fuels in all circumstances, such as in 700 W, the gas yield was 31%. The density, viscosity, acidity, HHV, GC-MS, and FTIR instruments were used to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of the bio-oil. The GC-MS analysis showed that the bio-oil consists of aromatic compounds, ketones, aldehydes, acids, esters, alkane, alkenes and heterocyclic compounds. The most prevalent component was aromatic compounds with 12.79% and ketones with 12.15%, while the pH of the oil obtained was 5, and the HHV was 19.5 MJ/kg. The pyrolysis productions could be promising raw materials for different applications after further processing.
Computational prediction of green fuels from crude palm oil in fluid catalytic cracking riser Agus Prasetyo Nuryadi; Widodo Wahyu Purwanto; Windi Susmayanti; Himawan Sutriyanto; Bralin Dwiratna; Achmad Maswan
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.54032

Abstract

Fluid catalytic cracking could convert crude palm oil into valuable green fuels to substitute fossil fuels. This study aimed to predict the phenomenon and green fuels yield in the industrial fluid catalytic cracking riser using computational fluid dynamics. A three-dimensional transient simulation using the Eulerian-Lagrangian with the multiphase particle-in-cell is to investigate reactive gas-particle hydrodynamics and the four-lump kinetic network model with the rare earth-Y catalyst for crude palm oil cracking behaviors. The study results show that the fluid and catalyst velocity profile increase in the middle of the riser reactor because the cracking reaction process that produces OLP and Gas products has a lighter molecular weight. The endothermic reaction causes the temperature profile to decrease because the heat of the reaction comes from the catalyst. This analysis shows that the simulation accurately predicts green fuel products from crude palm oil. As a result, the crude palm oil conversion, organic liquid product yield, and Gas yield correspond to 70 wt%, 28.8 wt%, and 27.5 wt%, respectively. Compared to the experimental study, the computational prediction of yield products showed good agreement and determined the optimal riser dimension. The methodology and results are guidelines for optimizing the FCC riser process using CPO.
Performance evaluation of the novel 3D-printed aquatic plant-microbial fuel cell assembly with Eichhornia crassipes Mel Patrick D. Malinis; Herna Jones F Velasco; Kristopher Ray Pamintuan
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.53222

Abstract

Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells (PMFCs) are a sustainable derivative of fuel cells that capitalizes on plant rhizodeposition to generate bioelectricity. In this study, the performance of the novel 3D-printed aquatic PMFC assembly with Eichhornia crassipes as the model plant was investigated. The design made use of 1.75 mm Protopasta Conductive Polylactic Acid (PLA) for the electrodes and 1.75 mm CCTREE Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) filaments for the separator. Three systems were prepared with three replicates each: PMFCs with the original design dimensions (System A), PMFCs with cathode-limited surface area variations (System B), and PMFCs with anode-limited surface area variations (System C). The maximum power density obtained by design was 82.54 µW/m2, while the average for each system is 26.99 µW/m2, 36.24 µW/m2, and 6.81 µW/m2, respectively. The effect of variations on electrode surface area ratio was also examined, and the results suggest that the design benefits from increasing the cathode surface area up to a cathode-anode surface area ratio of 2:1. This suggests that the cathode is the crucial component for this design due to it facilitating the rate-limiting step. Plant health was also found to be a contributing factor to PMFC performance, thereby suggesting that PMFCs are an interplay of several factors not limited to electrode surface area alone. The performance of the novel PMFC did not achieve those obtained from existing studies. Nevertheless, the result of this study indicates that 3D-printing technology is a possible retrofit for PMFC technology and can be utilized for scale-up and power amplification.
Theoretical study of a double-slope solar still with solar air heater condenser Ghazy, Ahmed
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.53928

Abstract

Despite their limited water production and efficiency, double-slope solar stills are an appropriate solution for water scarcity in hot arid regions. Numerous studies have focused on enhancing the effectiveness of double-slope solar stills. In this context, this study introduces a double-slope solar with a solar air heater condenser (DSSS-SAHC). The back cover of a conventional double-slope solar still was replaced by a glass air heater in order to recover the still’s thermal losses in heating air. The transient performance of the DSSS-SAHC was investigated numerically under real weather conditions and compared to the performance of a conventional double-slope solar still (CDSSS) with the same aspects. The impact of various weather and operation factors on the DSSS-SAHC performance was investigated at air flows of 0.01 and 0.1 kg/s to account for both natural and forced air circulation, respectively. The results revealed an increase of about 15% and 6% in the thermal efficiency of the DSSS-SAHC over that of the CDSSS, respectively, at air flows of 0.1 and 0.01 kg/s despite the DSSS-SAHC distillate was insignificantly greater than that of the CDSSS at both air flows. In addition, the water distillate of the DSSS-SAHC increased as the solar irradiance increased, the ambient wind and ambient temperature had contrary effects on the efficiency, and the initial saline water level had a negligible impact on the overall performance
Transition metal-based materials and their catalytic influence on MgH2 hydrogen storage: A review Gbenebor, Oluwashina Philips; Popoola, Abimbola Patricia Idowu
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.57805

Abstract

The dependence on fossil fuels for energy has culminated in its gradual depletion and this has generated the need to seek alternative source that will be environmentally friendly and sustainable. Hydrogen stands to be promising in this regard as energy carrier which has been proven to be efficient. Magnesium hydride (MgH2) can be used in storing hydrogen because of its availability, light weight and low cost. In this review, monoatomic, alloy, intermetallic and composite forms of Ti, Ni, V, Mo, Fe, Cr, Co, Zr and Nb as additives on MgH2 are discussed. Through ball milling, additive reacts with MgH2 to form compounds including TiH2, Mg2Ni, Mg2NiH4, V2O, VH2, MoSe, Mg2FeH6, NbH and Nb2O5which remain stable after certain de/hydrogenation cycles. Some monoatomic transition metals remain unreacted even after de/hydrogenation cycles. These formed compounds, including stable monoatomic transition metals, impart their catalytic effects by creating diffusion channels for hydrogen via weakening Mg - H bond strength. This reduces hydrogen de/sorption temperatures, activation energies and in turn, hastens hydrogen desorption kinetics of MgH2. Hydrogen storage output of MgH2/transition metal-based materials depend on additive type, ratio of MgH2/additive, ball milling time, ball –to combining materials ratio and de/hydrogenation cycle. There is a need for more investigations to be carried out on nanostructured binary and ternary transition metal-based materials as additives to enhance the hydrogen storage performance of MgH2.  In addition, the already established compounds (listed above) formed after ball milling or dehydrogenation can be processed and directly doped into MgH2. 
Effect of the non-uniform combustion core shape on the biochar production characteristics of the household biomass gasifier stove Chaiyalap, Somchet; Chai-ngam, Ritthikrai; Saengprajak, Juthaporn; Piamdee, Jenjira; Putkham, Apipong; Saengprajak, Arnusorn
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.56575

Abstract

The global demand for biochar in agricultural and carbon sequestration applications is increasing; nevertheless, biochar production using the 50-liter household biomass gasifier stove (50L-HBGS) in Thailand found major issues that need to be improved. The objective of this study was to study the effects of the airflow in the non-uniform combustion core shape (NCCS) on the biochar production characteristic of the 50L-HBGS. The new design of the NCCS was constructed and studied to replace the existing combustion core shape (ECCS) at Mahasarakham University. The height, air inlet, and air outlet diameters of the NCCS were designed at 45, 24, and 11.4 cm, respectively. The NCCS with 21 holes of the pyrolysis gas outlet, a diameter of 4 mm for each, was integrated into the 50L-HBGS and performed comparative tests to the ECCS using 9 kg of bamboo wood chunks in three consecutive experiments. The airflow and the combustion behavior were studied through the stove temperature profiles, which were recorded every 5 minutes using a digital data logger. The biochar products were studied using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the proximate analysis technique. The study indicated that the 50L-HBGS with the NCCS made significantly improved the airflow rates in the combustion core, resulting in better continuous burning during the ignition state than with the ECCS. Moreover, the pyrolysis temperatures were significantly improved, it was provided temperatures during the pyrolysis process reached higher than 500 oC, resulting in the liquid tar being removed and no unburned wood chunks remaining at the end. The characterization result demonstrated that the 50L-HBGS with the NCCS had created biochar within a range of micropore and macrospore sizes and high fixed carbon content, which could be advantageously used for different agricultural and carbon sequestration applications.
HOMER optimization of standalone PV/Wind/Battery powered hydrogen refueling stations located at twenty selected French cities Oueslati, Fakher
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.58218

Abstract

The current study proposes a model of autonomous Hydrogen Refuelling Stations (HRFS) installed on different sites in twenty French cities powered by renewable clean energy sources. The station is fully powered by photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines with battery storage and involving an electrolyzer and hydrogen tank for producing and storing hydrogen. Using Homer simulation, three scenarios are investigated to propose an optimized model, namely Scenario 1 containing (PV-Wind-Battery) system, Scenario 2 with (Wind-Battery) technologies and Scenario 3 with (PV-Battery) components. The otimization process executed demonstrates very competitive levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) especially for the third scenario solely based on PV power with LCOE in range $0.354-0.435/kWh and a LCOH varying within $13.5-16.5/kg, for all 20 cities. An average net present cost (NPC) value of $ 1,561,429 and $ 2,522,727 are predicted for the first and second architectures while least net present cost of $1,038,117 is estimated for the third combination solely based on solar power according to all sites considered. For instance, minimum values are obtained for Marseille city with LCOE=$ 0.354/kWh and a LCOH=$ 13.5 /kg in conformity with the minimum obtained value of NPC value of $886,464 with respect to the winner third scenario. In addition, more costly hydrogen production is expected for Grenoble city especially for scenario 1 and 2 where wind turbine technology is introduced. On another hand, thorough analysis of PV/wind hydrogen techno-economic operation is provided including improvements recommendations, scenarios comparison and environmental impact discussion.
Estimating mixture hybrid Weibull distribution parameters for wind energy application using Bayesian approach Agbassou Guenoupkati; Adekunlé Akim Salami; Yao Bokovi; Piléki Xavier Koussetou; Seydou Ouedraogo
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.54452

Abstract

The Weibull distribution function is essential for planning and designing wind-farm implementation projects and wind-resource assessments. However, the Weibull distribution is limited for those areas with high frequencies of calm winds. One solution is to use the hybrid Weibull distribution. In fact, when the wind speed data present heterogeneous structures, it makes sense to group them into classes that describe the different wind regimes. However, the single use of the Weibull distribution presents fitting errors that should be minimized. In this context, mixture distributions represent an appropriate alternative for modelling wind-speed data. This approach was used to combine the distributions associated with different wind-speed classes by weighting the contribution of each of them. This study proposes an approach based on mixtures of Weibull distributions for modelling wind-speed data in the West Africa region. The study focused on mixture Weibull (WW-BAY) and mixture hybrid Weibull (WWH-BAY) distributions using Bayes' theorem to characterize the wind speed distribution over twelve years of recorded data at the Abuja, Accra, Cotonou, Lome, and Tambacounda sites in West Africa. The parameters of the models were computed using the expectation-maximization (E-M) algorithm. The parameters of the models were estimated using the expectation-maximization (E-M) algorithm. The initial values were provided by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The results obtained from the proposed models were compared with those from the classical Weibull distribution whose parameters are estimated by some numerical method such as the energy pattern factor, maximum likelihood, and the empirical Justus methods based on statistical criteria. It is found that the WWH-BAY model gives the best prediction of power density at the Cotonou and Lome sites, with relative percentage error values of 0.00351 and 0.01084. The energy pattern factor method presents the lowest errors at the Abuja site with a relative percentage error value of -0.54752, Accra with -0.55774, and WW-BAY performs well for the Tambacounda site with 0.19232. It is recommended that these models are useful for wind energy applications in the West African region.
Numerical assessment of meshless method for studying nanofluid natural convection in a corrugated wall square cavity Youssef Es-Sabry; Mohammed Jeyar; Elmiloud Chaabelasri; Dris Bahia
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 5 (2023): September 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.53277

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of various factors, such as wall shape, Rayleigh number, and volume fraction of nanoparticles, on natural convection in a square cavity that is filled with a mixture of Al2O3 solid particles and liquid water. The research employs numerical simulations based on the radial basis function meshless method and the artificial compressibility technique. The results of the study showed that the temperature distribution in the cavity was mostly uniform, except in the vicinity of the hot wall, while the flow was primarily dominated by convection as the Rayleigh number increased. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate increased with the volume fraction of nanoparticles, indicating the significance of nanoparticles in improving the thermal performance of the system.  Additionally, the study found that the average Nusselt number, which characterizes the heat transfer efficiency, was highest when the cavity had a wavy wall. For single and double wavy walls, there were respective enhancements of 32% and 6% compared to a regular wall. Additionally, the Nusselt number increased as the volume fraction of nanoparticles, indicating a significant influence of nanoparticle concentration and wall geometry on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in the square cavity. Consequently, this study's outcomes provide crucial insights into designing and optimizing thermal management systems, particularly those utilizing nanofluids.
Kinetic and thermodynamic study of composite with jute fiber as reinforcement Assanvo, Edja Florentin; Toure, Kicoun Jean-Yves N’Zi; N’Gatta, Kanga Marius; Boa, David
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.54407

Abstract

In the present work, engineered by compression molding process via a hydraulic press, the A and B composite samples were carried out with 5% and 10% ratio respectively of Ricinodendron heudelotii oil-based alkyd resin in bio-based matrix made of unsaturated polyester using jute fibers as reinforcement material. The samples’ thermal decomposition was performed through thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) analyses. Both composite samples exhibit two stages of decomposition, where the main occurs at 200 - 550°C. Aiming to study and being able to model the thermal degradation of the elaborated composites, finding the kinetic triplets appears the best option to describe the kinetic process undergo by the composites in order to evaluate the performance application of the composites. Two non-isothermal techniques, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger have been used to assess the activation energy Ea, and it is found that the apparent activation energy varies with the degree of conversion indicating that both composites decompose with a multiple step mechanism process. The appropriate reaction model for the second stage of decomposition was best suited with Johnson-Mel-Avrami (n<1) model and has been established, allowing us to model thermal degradation behavior of our elaborated composite material and set predictions. The estimated Arrhenius factor values were respectively about A and B composites, 4.12.1015 min-1 and 10.42.1015 min-1, allowing us to set the final equation characterizing the degradation process for the second and main decomposition stage. Finally, as a result of comparison between A and B composites, A appears to be the more thermally stable due to its lower values of Arrhenius pre-exponential factor over the main stage of decomposition and higher calculated the activation energy values.

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