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INDONESIA
Berkala Bioteknologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022" : 5 Documents clear
Antibacterial Activity Tests of Endophytic Bacteria Isolates From Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) Againts Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Sari, Suli Arum; Pujiyanto, Sri; Suprihadi, Agung
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

Staphylococcus is one of the most common types of bacteria in Asia that causes local infectious diseases of the skin, nose, urethra, vagina, digestive tract, pneumonia, endocarditis, septic arthritis, and septicemia. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most common types of Staphylococcus in Asia. Tea plants contain bioactive compounds and endophytic bacteria which are widely used as antimicrobial agents. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that exist in plant tissues, not pathogenic, and have the ability as the host plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The antibacterial activity test of endophytic bacteria of tea plants includes a series of processes such as sample selection, surface sterilization of samples, isolation of endophytic bacteria in agar medium, purification, screening, suspension of endophytic bacteria in 0.9 % NaCl and standardized with 0.5 McFarland, making endophytic bacterial culture in nutrient borth, making endophytic bacterial supernatant and antibacterial activity test with paper disc diffusion method. The results obtained are the antibacterial activity of the endophytic bacterial supernatant isolates B23, B14, and A2 on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The best antibacterial activity was found in endophytic bacterial B14 isolates with inhibition zones of 7.75 mm and 12.5 mm followed by B23 isolates with 7.5 mm and 8.25 mm inhibition zones and A2 isolates with large inhibition zones of 7.42 mm and 8.16 mm. Endophytic bacteria isolates of tea plant show better antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus than Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Isolasi Khamir Fermentatif dari Batang Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum. L) dan Hasil Identifikasinya Berdasarkan Sekuens Internal Transcribed Spacer Anggraini, Ika; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

Yeast is a single-celled fungus that acts as epiphytes, endophytes or parasites. Yeast is divided into fermentative yeast and oxidative yeast. Fermentative yeast can produce primary and secondary metabolites. The role of fermentative yeast is widely used in the food industry, health and energy, so necessary to be explore fermentative yeast from sugarcane stems. The purpose of this study was to isolate fermentative yeast from sugarcane stems and identify molecular yeast based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer sequences (ITS). Isolation of epiphytic and endophytic yeast was carried out by spread plate of water soak sugarcane and sugar cane juice. Yeast isolation using 2 media, PDA and YGP with chloramphenicol. Morphological characterization was carried out by observing macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Biochemical characterization was carried out by carbohydrate fermentation test and 50% glucose media growth test. Selected isolates were molecularly identified using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequences. Primers used are ITS 1 and ITS 4. Phylogenetic analysis using Neighbor Joining from MEGA-6 program. The results of isolation obtained 7 yeast isolates characterized morphologically and biochemically. The based result of morphology and biochemical characterization were found 1 selected isolate with name Ed 1B. Selected yeast isolate have characteristics are round colonies, creamy white, shiny surface, raised elevation, wavy edges, ovoid cell shape, cell diameter 4,74µm, budding, glucose fermentation and sucrose fermentation, but not for lactose and grow well of 50% glucose media. The results of the Basic Alignment Search Tools (BLAST) are Ed 1B isolates had 99% homology with Kodamaea ohmeri species.
The Expression of Glucanase Encoding Gene (CaβGlu) in Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) As a Response to Fusarium oxysporum Infection. Rahmandanni, Yunnia; Pujiyanto, Sri; Ferniah, Rejeki Siti
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

Indonesia is a tropical country with highest level of biodiversity, especially in the agricultural sector. Chili (Capsicum annumm. L) is a very well-known and widely used agricultural product in the world, which makes chili becomes one of the most considerable national product. The chili production is oftentimes very susceptible to some diseases caused by virus, fungi, or bacteria. One of the most common diseases in chili cultivation is Fusarium wilt, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This disease can cause a major loss and up to 50% crop failure. Many procedures have been done to find the best cultivar with a resistance trait to Fusarium oxysporum, including by observing and testing the chili’s genetic resistance. One of the resistance genes in chili is β -1, 3- glucanase-encoding gene, which produces an enzyme to hydrolize the cell wall of pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to determine the expression of the glucanase-encoding gene (CaβGlu) in chili as a response to Fusarium oxysporum infection. The methods including chili cultivation, F. oxysporum inoculation, isolation of chili leaves RNA, glucanase-encoding gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR, and data analysis. The result of CaβGlu gene expression is higher than the control in the first 6 hours after inoculation, and decreasing in the 48th and 96th hours. The conclusion was the infection of Fusarium oxysporum is activating the expression of CaβGlu gene which was expressed best in the first 6 hours after inoculation.
Biofilm Inhibition Activity from Obligate Marine Fungi Against Pathogenic Vibrio Bacteria in Whiteleg Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei Kristina, Kristina; Soowanayan, Chumporn; Suetrong, Satinee; Budiharjo, Anto; Rukmi, Isworo
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

Early mortality syndrome (EMS) is caused by toxic strains of Vibrio bacteria that are produced when bacteria colonize and form biofilm in the digestive tract of cultivated shrimp. One possible control strategy for shrimp Vibriosis is biofilm inhibition. In the present study we tested cell-free culture broth (CF-CB) of 31 strains obligate marine fungi for its ability to inhibit growth and biofilm formation with 2 isolates of Vibrio bacteria, Vibrio harveyi (VH1) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (3HP). CF-CB with the highest biofilm inhibitory activity were then prepared as feed additives and mixed with commercial feed (1 ml to 1 g ratio) to examined its potency on Vibrio-challenged shrimp. The supplemented feed were administered to post-larvae (PL) shrimps for 7 days before and after they were challenged with VH1 and 3HP which shrimp health and mortality were monitored. Overall, CF-CB from 9 out of 31 isolates examined inhibited biofilm formation by VH1 and 17 out of 31 isolates inhibited biofilm formation by 3HP. Survival rate in the un-challenged negative control was 66% while PLs fed with MCR00984 (Linocarpon appendiculatum) and challenged with VH1 and 3HP were 42% and 60% which was not significantly different (p≥0,05). This results shows some promise for possible application against Vibriosis in shrimp.
Identifikasi Chaetoceros sp. Secara Molekular dan Uji Antioksidan Karotenoid Susetyo, M A; Kusumaningrum, H P; Jannah, S N
Berkala Bioteknologi Vol. 5, No. 2, November 2022
Publisher : Berkala Bioteknologi

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Abstract

Chaetoceros is one of the largest genus of microalgae that have more than 400 species and it is the primary producers in the marine ecosystem. Chaetoceros sp. have some of the pigment which are very important for their survival include chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. The purposes of this study are to know the results of Chaetoceros sp. molecular identification using ITS fragments, to know its kinship and to test the ability of the antioxidant activity of pigments carotenoids. The results of ITS fragments identification of Chaetoceros sp. are used to develop the further research, namely to complete morphological information with molecular information intended in the kinship of Chaetoceros sp. Antioxidant test results are used to determine antioxidant activity in Chaetoceros sp. The methods in this research was microalgae isolation of Chaetoceros sp. that used the Doyle method and Doyle, amplification of ITS4 and ITS5 fragments, sequencing analysis and antioxidant activity test. The results of DNA isolation showed a concentration of 2842.1 ng / µl and purity of 1.97. PCR products from amplification of the ITS fragment produced 882 bp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Chaetoceros sp. has a kinship close to C. muelleri KF 998567.1 and antioxidant activity test showed IC50 values of 72,386 ppm.

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