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Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26154854     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas (e-ISSN:2615-4854) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in epidemiology, health and life science and related areas. JEKK has 1 volume with 2 issues per year. This journal was published by the Master of Epidemiology, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 251 Documents
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Analysis of Factors Influencing Measles Incidence Among Children Under Five in Tangerang City in 2023 Katrin Widarni; Martini Martini; Mateus Sakundarno Adi
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 2: Mei 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31964

Abstract

Background: Tangerang City experienced a significant increase in measles cases in 2023, with 114 laboratory-confirmed cases out of 484 suspected cases, despite achieving a complete basic immunization coverage of 106.4%. This phenomenon suggests that additional factors may have contributed to the occurrence of measles and warrant further investigation. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing measles incidence among children under five years of age in Tangerang City in 2023.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 137 children under five who underwent laboratory examination. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test to identify associations between independent variables—namely immunization status, nutritional status, history of contact, parental education, parental occupation, and family income—and measles incidence.Result: Factors significantly associated with measles incidence were immunization status (PR = 1.62; p = 0.045 for unvaccinated children and PR = 2.22; p = 0.021 for children with incomplete immunization) and a history of contact with measles cases (PR = 4.17; p < 0.001). Other factors, including nutritional status, parental education, parental occupation, sex, and family income, were not statistically significant.Conclusion : Incomplete immunization status and a history of close contact with measles patients are the primary risk factors for measles incidence in Tangerang City. Recommended measures include strengthening immunization coverage, enhancing surveillance, and improving community education to prevent measles transmission.
Pengaruh Akupresur Terhadap Depresi, Kecemasan, dan Stress pada Caregiver Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa di Kecamatan Sawit, Kabupaten Boyolali Eva Fitriana Susanti; Bagoes Widjanarko; Suhartono Suhartono
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.33213

Abstract

Background: Caregivers of individuals with severe mental disorders provide daily care, emotional support, and medication management, placing them at risk of psychological distress and reduced quality of life. Acupressure, a healing touch therapy, may help reduce psychological distress and promote relaxation. This study aimed to examine the effect of acupressure therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress among caregivers of individuals with severe mental disorders in Sawit District, Boyolali Regency.Methods: This quantitative study used a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design. Participants were assigned to an intervention group (n = 36), which received acupressure therapy at the EX-HN3, HT7, GV20, LR3, PC6, and GB21 acupoints for three weeks, or a control group (n = 36) that received no intervention. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed before and after the intervention using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-42).Result: Acupressure did not significantly reduce depression (p-value = 0.108) or anxiety (p-value = 0.550), based on changes between pre-test and post-test scores (Δ), suggesting a possible Hawthorne effect. However, it significantly reduced stress among caregivers of individuals with severe mental disorders (p-value= 0.013), with the intervention group showing a greater reduction in stress than the control group.Conclusion: Further studies controlling for potential confounding variables are needed. Training in self-administered acupressure may enable caregivers to use acupressure as a non-pharmacological coping strategy for stress management.
Do Media and Family Planning Communication Matter? Evidence on Contraceptive Use among Productive Age Women Using Propensity Score Matching Daris Saputra; Estro Dariatno Sihaloho
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31276

Abstract

Background: Indonesia continues to face stagnation in contraceptive use and high maternal mortality despite long-standing family planning programs. The effectiveness of family planning communication varies across information channels, and existing studies largely rely on conventional regression methods that are vulnerable to selection bias.Methods: This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey, focusing on married women aged 15–49 with a total 49,627. A Propensity Score Matching approach is applied to reduce selection bias by constructing comparable socio-demographic characteristics. The analysis evaluates exposure to six family planning information channels: radio, television, newspapers or magazines, family planning field officers, internet use, and frequency of internet use.Result: The findings indicate substantial variation in the effectiveness of communication channels. Television exposure and direct communication from family planning field officers significantly increase the likelihood of contraceptive use with 95% CI 0.0318-0.0568 and 0.0425-0.1123. Internet-based exposure is associated with a lower probability of contraceptive use, suggesting challenges related to misinformation and unverified digital content.Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the impact of family planning communication depends strongly on the modality and credibility of information sources. Interpersonal counseling and audiovisual media remain the most effective strategies for promoting contraceptive adoption. These results provide new causal evidence to inform more targeted and effective family planning communication strategies in Indonesia.
Urban Pm2.5 Exposure And Placental Dysfunction And Its Impact On Fetal Development Murni Lestari; Muhammad Fachri; Nurmalia Lusida
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.32541

Abstract

Background : Exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) measuring ≤2.5 micrometers in Indonesia continues to increase. Particularly in urban areas, severe air pollution is a significant issue in maternal and perinatal health due to its potential for adverse effects during pregnancy. Exposure to PM2.5 is known to be associated with impaired placental function through inflammatory mechanisms, increased oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction, which can reduce uteroplacental perfusion and inhibit optimal fetal growth and development Objective This systematic review aims to evaluates the correlation between PM2.5 exposure and placental dysfunction and the impact of fetal development based on a systematic review based on the latest literature review.Methods : A systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted across PubMed and Scopus, ScienceDirect databases 2021-2026, using the PECO framework.Result : Of the 2,845 articles, 21 met the inclusion criteria. The most consistent research evidence indicates that exposure to PM2.5 in the first to mid-trimester of pregnancy is associated with placental inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and impaired uteroplacental perfusion. These conditions can inhibit fetal growth and development, increasing the risk of low birth weight (LBW), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and preterm birth.Conclusion : Exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy is associated with placental dysfunction through inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms which ultimately have a negative impact on fetal growth and developmen.
Urban Environmental Exposures, Air Pollution, and Maternal–Offspring Outcomes: A Systematic Review Siti Mardhatillah Musa; Muhammad Fachri; Nurmalia Lusida; Ika Oktaviani
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.32399

Abstract

Background: Urban ambient air pollution and various co-occurring environmental stressors during pregnancy contribute to systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired placental perfusion, thereby increasing the risk of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to systematically synthesize the evidence on the associations between ambient air pollution and co-occurring urban environmental exposures and pregnancy complications affecting maternal and child health, based on the available evidence.Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and a defined PECO framework, comprehensive searches were executed on Scopus and ScienceDirect (April 23, 2026; updated May 06, 2026) for literature published between 2022 and 2025. Of 3,547 records identified, 20 articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising 16 empirical observational studies and 4 supporting conceptual articles. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and JBI critical appraisal tools.Results: Moderate-certainty evidence indicated that exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 during the preconception and early-to-mid pregnancy periods increased the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Multi-pollutant models consistently provided stronger risk estimates than single-pollutant models. Evidence linking air pollution with gestational hypothyroidism, postpartum mental distress, and offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes remained limited and heterogeneous.Conclusion: Ambient air pollution and related urban environmental exposures are important determinants of maternal and child health. Integrating environmental exposure assessment into antenatal care and strengthening urban emission reduction policies are essential to reduce pregnancy-related health risks.
Association between Physical Inactivity and Hypertension among Adults with Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia: A National Cross-Sectional Analysis Sely Anggraini; Feranita Utama
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.32189

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension frequently coexist and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. Although physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor, national evidence on its association with hypertension among adults with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia remains limited. Aims: To examine the association between physical inactivity and hypertension among adults with diagnosed diabetes mellitus in Indonesia.Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed Riskesdas 2018 data from 9,807 adults with diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, while physical inactivity was defined as <3,000 MET-minutes/week based on GPAQ. Survey-weighted logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Overall, 38.2% of adults with diabetes mellitus had hypertension, and 58.0% had insufficient physical activity. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, duration of diabetes, anti-diabetic medication use, obesity, and central obesity, participants with insufficient physical activity had higher odds of hypertension than those with sufficient physical activity (aOR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.06–1.35; p = 0.004).Conclusion: Physical inactivity was significantly associated with higher odds of hypertension among adults with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. These findings support the importance of promoting physical activity as part of comprehensive diabetes management.
Analysis of Stunting Incidence Among Toddlers in Rural Areas of Indonesia Siti Najla Zalfa Raihanti; Agus Samsudrajat S; Eka Hariani; Ria Risti Komala Dewi
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.32566

Abstract

Background: According to data from the Ministry of Health, the prevalence of stunting in 2022 was 21.6%, in 2023 was 21.5% and in 2024, it fell significantly to 19.8%. Although the prevalence of stunting has continued to decline over the past three years, this remains a concern that needs to be addressed, given that the target set to reduce the prevalence of stunting has not yet been achieved.Methods: This study is quantitative in nature and employs a cross-sectional design. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, including the chi-square test and prevalence ratio (PR). This study utilized data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey to examine the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age living in rural areas of Indonesia.Result: The results of the bivariate analysis indicate that there is a significant association between infectious diarrhea (p=0.007, PR=1.261, 95% CI=1.074–1.480), low birth weight (p=0.000, PR=1.960, 95% CI=1.673–2.296), and parity (p=0.008, PR=1.151, 95% CI=1.038–1.277) and the outcome under study. Meanwhile, respiratory tract infections (p=0.309), animal protein consumption (p=0.588), handwashing behavior (p=0.175), and maternal age at first pregnancy (p=0.127) did not show a statistically significant association (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study examines the factors associated with stunting using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The findings are intended to assist the government and healthcare workers in their efforts to prevent and address stunting, particularly in rural areas of Indonesia.
Faktor Risiko Filariasis pada Provinsi Endemis dan Nonendemis di Indonesia: Analisis Data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2023 Nazwa Nisella Salsabila; Tika Dwi Tama; Supriyadi Supriyadi; Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.32560

Abstract

Background: Filariasis remains a public health issue and is endemic in 32 provinces in Indonesia. However, cases have also been reported in six non-endemic provinces, indicating that the potential for transmission persists and cannot be ignored.Methods: This study aims to identify risk factors for filariasis in endemic and non-endemic provinces in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) with a cross-sectional design. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using a complex samples approach.Result: No significant association was found between sex, age, education, and occupation and the incidence of filariasis in both regions. In endemic provinces, larvicide use (AOR = 1.643, 95% CI: 1.164–2.294), disposal of discarded items (AOR = 1.438, 95% CI: 1.081–1.912), and the use of household insecticides (AOR = 1.399, 95% CI: 1.056–1.853) were significantly associated with filariasis incidence. In non-endemic provinces, no statistically significant risk factors were identified.Conclusion: These findings highlight a clear divergence in the dominant risk factors between endemic and non-endemic settings. Therefore, filariasis control strategies need to be tailored to regional characteristics by strengthening behavior change interventions in endemic areas and enhancing active surveillance and monitoring of population mobility in non-endemic areas to support filariasis elimination efforts in Indonesia. 
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit pada Penderita Pertusis di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Zaskia Amirarosa Firdaus; Yusri Yusri; Rico Januar Sitorus; Disa Hijratul Muharramah
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.33486

Abstract

Background: In the South Sumatra Provincial Health Office surveillance data, disease severity was operationally identified based on the presence of apnea, which was the available clinical indicator of severe disease. This study aims to analyze factors associated with disease severity among patients with pertussis in South Sumatra Province.Methods: This analytical retrospective cross-sectional study used surveillance data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Office collected from 2022–2024. Using total sampling, 197 laboratory-confirmed pertussis cases that met the inclusion criteria were included, while cases with incomplete data were excluded. Severe pertussis was defined based on the presence of apnea. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariable analyses (multiple logistic regression) to estimate ORs with 95% CIs.Result: Among the 197 laboratory-confirmed pertussis cases, 21.2% had severe pertussis. Most patients were aged  ≤ 4 months (49.7%) and female (55.3%). Bivariat analysis using the chi-square test showed a significant relationship between age PR 2,02 (95%CI 1,13 - 3,60), p-value 0,022;  immunization status PR 3,97 (95%CI 1,12 - 14,7), p-value 0,032; and antibiotic administration PR 1,93 (95%CI 1,12 – 3,35), p-value 0,025 with severe pertussis. The result of multivariate analysis showed that variable of immunization completeness OR 5,45 (95%CI 1,21 – 24,4), p-value 0,027 was the most dominant variable in influencing disease severity.Conclusion : Strengthening age-appropriate DPT immunization programs and improving parental education on the importance of complete and timely DPT immunization are recommended.
Malaria Prevention Through Bed Net Use: A Community-Based Study in Kaligesing, Central Java Farindira Vesti Rahmasari; Ekorini Listiowati
Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas Vol 11, No 3: Agustus 2026
Publisher : Master of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jekk.v11i3.33016

Abstract

Background: Malaria is a potentially fatal disease caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. This study aimed to identify factors associated with malaria knowledge, bed-net use, and bed-net quality in a high-risk area.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2020 in the Kaligesing Primary Health Center catchment area, Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Individuals aged 5–55 years who had suspected malaria symptoms, lived in a predefined high-risk area, or had travelled to a malaria-endemic area. Individuals with severe or complicated falciparum malaria, malnutrition, non-malarial infections, pregnancy, or breastfeeding were excluded. Of 35 recruited participants, 32 with complete questionnaire data were analysed. Variables included sociodemographic characteristics, malaria knowledge, bed-net use, and bed-net physical quality. Data were summarized using frequencies and percentages, and associations were tested using the chi-square test.Result: Participants aged 20–40 years comprised 50.0% (16/32). Females accounted for 40.6% (13/32), 40.6% had completed high school, and 34.4% were employees. Good malaria knowledge was observed in 93.8% (30/32). Bed nets were used by 59.4% (19/32), and 89.5% (17/19) of users had good-quality nets. Occupation was significantly associated with bed-net use (p-value=0.007) and showed a moderate positive association (  = 0.469).Conclusion : Occupation was associated with bed-net use. Despite good malaria knowledge and bed-net quality, use remained suboptimal, highlighting the need for targeted interventions among high-risk occupational groups.

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