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Analisis Manajemen Stres Kerja Pada Pengajar Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) Negeri 1 Padang Tahun 2020 Azyyati Ridha Alfian; Rosidah Zahrah; Putri Nilam Sari; Nizwardi Azkha
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.275-282

Latar belakang: Berdasarkan survey profesi guru/ pengajar merupakan salah satu profesi dengan tingkat stres paling besar, apalagi seorang pengajar SLB yang memikul beban kerja yang tidak ringan. Pengajar menyatakan sering merasa cemas, sakit kepala, dan gejala lainnya karena pekerjaannya sehingga hal tersebut dapat memperngaruhi pekerjaan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian stres dan manajemen stres kerja pada pengajar SLB. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan teknik kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian dilakukan di SLBN 1 Padang bulan Januari - April 2020 melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 7 informan. Informan dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis isi dan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil: Menunjukan adanya gejala stres kerja pengajar seperti, pusing, kelelahan, sering melamun yang disebabkan oleh faktor beban kerja, keterbatasan dan tingkah laku anak didik (faktor pekerjaan) dan waktu kerja yang terlalu lama (faktor non-pekerjaan). Simpulan: Pengelolaan stres kerja dengan pendekatan individu yaitu sharring, pengelolaan waktu, menegur bagi anak yang tidak bisa patuh, dan selebihnya memilih untuk diam. Pendekatan organisasi seperti meningkatkan komunikasi pengajar dalam organisasi, dan adanya bentuk dukungan sosial. Manajemen stres sangat membantu dalam pengelolaan stres kerja bagi pengajar di SLB Negeri 1 Padang. Sehingga perlu dipahami oleh para pengajar agar tidak terjadi penurunan potensi kinerja.ABSTRACT Title: Analysis of Work Stress Management in Teachers of Public Extraordinary Schools 1 Padang in 2020Background: A teacher sometime feels anxious, dizziness, and other symptoms because of their work so that it could affect the job if it was not managed properly. This study aims to analyze the incidence of stress and work stress management of teachers in special school.Method: This research used qualitative techniques with a phenomenological approach. The research was conducted at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Padang from January to April 2020 through in-depth interviews with 7 informants. The informants were selected by the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed by content analysis and triangulation of sources and methods. Result: The result of this study showed that there were symptoms of teacher work stress such as dizziness, fatigue, frequent daydreaming caused by workload factors, limitations and student behavior (work factors), and too long working time (non-work factors).Conclusion: The management of work stress with an individual approach, namely sharing, time management, reprimanding children who cannot obey, and the rest choose to remain silent. Organizational approaches such as improving teacher communication within organizations, and the existence of forms of social support. Stress management is very helpful in managing work stress for teachers at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Padang. So, it needs to be understood by the teachers that there is no decrease in potential performance.Keywords: Extraordinary Schools, Job stress, Stress Management, Students, Teacher

Selama Era Pandemi Covid-19, Bagaimana Puskesmas Mertoyudan 1 Melaksanakan PHBS? Sintia Mashitoh; Septo Pawelas Arso; Nurhasmadiar Nandini
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.291-299

ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Selama dua tahun berturut turut pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 Kabupaten Magelang menjadi kabupaten/kota yang memiliki presentase rumah tangga sehat terrendah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan presentase 59.69%. Puskesmas Mertoyudan 1 merupakan puskesmas di Kecamatan Mertoyudan yang memiliki PHBS tatanan Rumah Tangga cukup baik. Namun terdapat dua indikator penilaian yang tergolong masih rendah serta cakupan pendataan rumah sehat yang belum maksimal yakni indikator aktivitas fisik dan tidak merokok dengan presentase masing masing 53.7% dan 42.0%. Selain itu, Puskesmas Mertoyudan 1 merupakan puskesmas dengan kasus konfirmasi Covid-19 yang tinggi. Dari hal tersebut maka diperlukan evaluasi mengenai bagaimana pelaksanaan PHBS rumah tangga pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dari aspek konteks, aspek input, aspek proses dan aspek produk.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif menggunakan metode indepth interview yang dipilih berdasarkan Teknik purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian merupakan Kepala Puskesmas, Koordinator Program PHBS dan Kader Kesehatan sebagai informan utama. Sedangkan informan triangulasi yaitu Penanggung Jawab Program PHBS Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Magelang dan Masyarakat. Aspek yang dianalisis terdiri dari aspek konteks, aspek input, aspek proses dan aspek produk.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses pelaksanaan masih mengalami beberapa kendala. Pada aspek konteks, masih terdapat kendala kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat, pada aspek input masih terdapat kendala pada jadwal pelaksanaan, jumlah dan kompetensi tenaga PHBS, pada aspek proses mengalami kendala pada proses pendataan, perencanaan, dan pelaksanaan.Simpulan: Pelaksanaan PHBS pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Mertoyudan 1 belum berjalan dengan maksimal karena terkendala dengan situasi dan kondisi pandemi yang membatasi kegiatan lapangan. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain aspek konteks, aspek input, aspek porses dan aspek produk.Kata kunci: PHBS, Covid-19, Evaluasi, Kabupaten Magelang ABSTRACTTitle: Analysis of the Implementation of the Clean and Healthy Behavior Program (PHBS) at Mertoyudan 1 Public Health Center, Magelang Regency during the Covid-19 Pandemic PeriodBackground: For two consecutive years in 2017 and 2018 Magelang Regency became the district/city that had the lowest percentage of healthy households in Central Java Province with a percentage of 59.69%. Mertoyudan 1 Public Health Center is a health center in Mertoyudan District which has a fairly good PHBS household arrangement. However, there are two assessment indicators that are still low and the coverage of healthy home data collection is not maximized, namely indicators of physical activity and not smoking with a percentage of 53.7% and 42.0%, respectively. Based on data obtained from the Mertoyudan 1 Health Center in 2019, there were 12,893 households that should have been included in the household PHBS data collection, but only 7,454 households were recorded. That means that there are still 42.2% of households that have not been recorded. Based on data obtained from the Magelang District Health Office on November 25, 2020, it is known that Mertoyudan District is the sub-district with the highest confirmed COVID-19 cases in Magelang Regency with details of 166 people confirmed to have recovered, 13 people confirmed dead, 98 people confirmed isolation and 10 people. confirmed to be treated. PHBS activities during the COVID-19 pandemic have not been carried out as well as before the pandemic. High-risk activities allow the spread of COVID-19 such as house-to-house data collection and activities that involve large numbers of people. From this, it is necessary to evaluate how to implement household PHBS during the Covid-19 pandemic from the context aspect, input aspect, process aspect and product aspect.Method: This research was a qualitative research with a descriptive approach using in-depth interview method which is selected based on purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were the Head of the Puskesmas, the PHBS Program Coordinator and the Health Cadre as the main informants. Meanwhile, the triangulation informants were the person in charge of the PHBS program at the Magelang regency health office and the community. The aspects analyzed consist of context aspects, input aspects, process aspects and product aspects.Result: The results of the study show that the implementation process is still experiencing several obstacles. In the context aspect, there are still obstacles to the lack of public awareness, in the input aspect there are still obstacles in the implementation schedule, the number and competence of PHBS staff, in the process aspect there are obstacles in the data collection, planning, and implementation processes.Conclusion: The implementation of PHBS during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Mertoyudan 1 Puskesmas has not run optimally because it is constrained by the pandemic situation and conditions that limit field activities. This is influenced by several factors including context aspects, input aspects, processing aspects and product aspects.Keywords: PHBS, Covid-19, Evaluation, Magelang Recency

Hubungan Pelatihan Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) dengan Tingkat Kepercayaan Diri Dokter dalam Penanganan Kasus Kegawatdaruratan Jantung di IGD Rumah Sakit Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Syarifah Nora Andriaty; Teuku Aditya Kemal
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.264-267

ABSTRAK Latar belakang: ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) adalah aktivitas sistem tanggap darurat yaitu resusitasi jantung paru (RJP) yang menggunakan pengenalan segera serangan jantung mendadak atau Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) serta keterampilan untuk menyelamatkan jiwa. Kepercayaan diri merupakan suatu sikap dan keyakinan atas kemampuan diri sendiri, sehingga dapat meningkatkan rasa tanggung jawab atas perbuatan dan tindakan yang dilakukan, serta dapat mengenal kelebihan dan kekurangan diri sendiri.Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik Acidental sampling, dengan sampel 71 orang yang dilakukan dalam rentang waktu 1 bulan. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang telah divalidasi. Lembaran kuesioner berisi 13 pertanyaan mengenai penerapan dan manfaat pelatihan ACLS. Responden menerima lembar informed consent sebagai lembar persetujuan mengikuti penelitian. Pengisian kuesioner menggunakan google form.Hasil: Setelah data dianalisis didapatkan hasil tingkat kepercayaan diri dokter IGD sangat percaya diri (90.1%), percaya diri (5.6%), dan tidak percaya diri (4.2%). Dokter IGD yang mengikuti pelatihan ACLS (80.3%) dan yang tidak mengikuti pelatihan ACLS (19.7%).Simpulan: Dilakukan uji chi-square didapatkan nilai (Pvalue=0.000) yang berarti terdapat hubungan pelatihan Advanced Cardiac Life Support dengan tingkat kepercayaan diri dokter dalam penanganan kasus kegawatdaruratan jantung di IGD RS. Kata kunci: ACLS, Dokter, Kegawatdaruratan Jantung ABSTRACT Background: ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) is an emergency response system activity, namely cardiac pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) which uses immediate recognition of sudden cardiac arrest or Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) and life-saving skills. Self-confidence is an attitude and belief in one's own abilities, so that it can increase a sense of responsibility for the actions and actions taken, and can recognize one's own strengths and weaknesses.Method: This research was conducted by using the Acidental sampling technique, with a sample of 71 people who were conducted within a period of 1 month. The data collection method in this study used a validated questionnaire. The questionnaire sheet contains 13 questions regarding the implementation and benefits of ACLS training. Respondents received an informed consent form as a consent form to participate in the study. Filling out the questionnaire using google form.Result: After the data were analyzed, the results showed that the emergency room doctor's confidence level was very confident (90.1%), confident (5.6%), and not confident (4.2%). IGD doctors who attended ACLS training (80.3%) and who did not attend ACLS training (19.7%).Conclusion: The chi-square test was conducted to obtain a value (Pvalue = 0.000), which means that there is a relationship between advanced cardiac life support training and the level of confidence of doctors in handling cardiac emergency cases in emergency room hospitals Keywords: ACLS, Doctor, Cardiac Emergency

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Merokok Pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Grobogan Anisya Herawardhani; Bagoes Widjanarko; Priyadi Nugraha Prabamurti
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.268-274

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Merokok merupakan salah satu perilaku berisiko dalam jangka panjang. Tidak hanya perokok aktif yang merasakan dampak dari perilaku merokok, namun juga dirasakan oleh perokok pasif yang ada di sekitarnya. Perilaku merokok menyebabkan berbagai penyakit degeneratif hingga menyebabkan kematian. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Grobogan merupakan salah satu instansi kesehatan, dimana perilaku yang tidak mendukung kesehatan harusnya dapat dihindari seperti perilaku merokok, karena perilaku merokok memiliki dampak merugikan bagi kesehatan. Dalam hal perilaku merokok, pegawai yang bekerja di instansi kesehatan merupakan role model bagi masyarakat pada umumnya guna meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok pada pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Grobogan. Metode : Penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi yaitu seluruh pegawai yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi berjumlah 34 pegawai. Sampel penelitian menggunakan total sampling. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan, latar belakang pendidikan, sikap, ketersediaan fasilitas, ketersediaan informasi, kemudahan akses mendapatkan rokok, ketersediaan KTM, dan sikap dan perilaku rekan kerja. Variabel terikat yaitu perilaku merokok. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode angket. Analisis data menggunakan uji univariat dan uji bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi Square Test dengan SPSS. Hasil : Sebesar 68% responden berpengetahuan baik, 53% responden dengan latar belakang pendidikan kesehatan, 74% responden dengan sikap mendukung perilaku merokok di kantor, 65% KTM (Kawasan Terbatas Merokok) telah tersedia, 65% informasi mengenai bahaya rokok telah tersedia, 85% akses mendapatkan rokok mendukung, 59% fasilitas merokok telah tersedia, 74% sikap dan perilaku rekan kerja yang mendukung untuk berperilaku merokok. Sebesar 35% responden dengan perilaku merokok dan 25% diantaranya tergolong dalam perokok berat dengan jumlah konsumsi rokok harian tertinggi mencapai 32 batang/hari. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok yaitu pengetahuan (p-value = 0,005) serta sikap dan perilaku rekan kerja (p-value = 0,000).Simpulan : Pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Grobogan mayoritas tidak merokok. Predisposing factor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok yaitu Pengetahuan dan reinforcing factor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok yaitu sikap dan perilaku rekan kerja. Kata Kunci : Perilaku, Merokok, Pegawai ABSTRACT Title: Factors Related to Employee Smoking Behavoiur Grobogan district Health Office Background: Smoking is a risky behavior in the long term. Not only active smokers who feel the impact of smoking behavior, but also passive smokers who are around them which cause various degenerative diseases to cause death. Grobogan District Health Office is one of the health agencies, where behavior that does not support health should be avoided like smoking behavior, because smoking behavior has a detrimental impact on health. In terms of smoking behavior, employees who work in health institutions can be role models for the community in general in order to improve public health. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with smoking behavior in the employees of the Grobogan District Health Office.Method: Observational research with Cross Sectional approach. The population is all employees who meet the inclusion criteria, totaling 34 employees. The research sample used a total population sampling consisting of 34 respondents. The independent variables in this study were knowledge, educational background, attitudes, availability of facilities, availability of information, ease of access to cigarettes, availability of KTM, and attitudes and behavior of co-workers. The dependent variable is smoking behavior. Data collection using the questionnaire method. Data analysis using univariate test and bivariate test using Chi Square Test with SPSS.Result: 68% of respondents with good knowledge, 53% of respondents with health education background, 74% of respondents with an attitude of supporting smoking behavior in the office, 65% of KTM (Restricted Smoking Areas) are available, 65% of information about the dangers of smoking is available, 85% access to cigarettes supports, 59% smoking facilities are available, 74% attitudes and behavior of coworkers that support smoking behavior. 35% of respondents with smoking behavior and 25% of them are classified as heavy smokers with the highest number of daily cigarette consumption reaching 32 cigarettes/day.Conclusion: The majority of Grobogan District Health Office employees do not smoke. The related predisposing factor is knowledge and the related reinforcing factor is the attitude and behavior of coworkers. Keywords: Behavior, Smoking, Employee

Analisis Kebutuhan Pelatihan Berdasarkan Kemampuan Kerja Jabatan (KKJ) dan Kemampuan Kerja Pribadi (KKP) Petugas Klinik Satmoko Yoga Dwi Ardianto; Sutopo Patria Jati; Nurhasmadiar Nandini
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.283-290

ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan, didapatkan beberapa keluhan pasien yang disampaikan melalui media sosial, menyatakan bahwa kurangnya keramahan petugas Klinik Satmoko dalam memberikan pelayanan. Temuan lain yang didapatkan dari studi pendahuluan yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2020, diketahui bahwa dalam dua tahun terakhir Klinik Satmoko hanya melaksanakan satu kali pelatihan bagi petugas klinik. Mengingat masih adanya keluhan dari pasien terkait keramahan, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa petugas Klinik Satmoko masih membutuhkan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi. Pelatihan yang telah dilaksanakan dirasa kurang cukup dan belum mampu untuk mengatasi masalah kinerja. Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan pelatihan untuk menentukan kegiatan pelatihan yang sesuai dengan masalah kinerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan pelatihan petugas Klinik Satmoko berdasarkan Kemampuan Kerja Jabatan (KKJ) dan Kemampuan Kerja Pribadi (KKP).Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode kombinasi, dengan pendekatan explanatory sequential.Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November–Desember 2020 di Klinik Satmoko. Pengumpulan data kuantitatif melalui pengisian kuesioner dan subjek penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu pengetahuan kerja, sikap kerja, dan keterampilan kerja. Pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan manajer sebagai informan utama dan pemilik sebagai informan triangulasi.Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis peringkat kebutuhan pelatihan, komponen kompetensi yang menjadi prioritas pelatihan adalah kemampuan pelaporan penyakit kepada puskesmas, ketelitian dalam bekerja, kebiasaan menunda pekerjaan, kemampuan mengevaluasi pelayanan farmasi, dan kemampuan melayani kritik, saran, dan pertanyaan.Simpulan: Pelatihan yang dibutuhkan petugas Klinik Satmoko meliputi pelatihan pelaporan penyakit, pelatihan peregangan dan istirahat aktif, self-leadership, pelatihan standar pelayanan kefarmasian apotek, dan service excellence. Kata kunci: Analisis Kebutuhan Pelatihan, kinerja, klinik ABSTRACT Title: Training Needs Analysis Based On Work Ability (KKJ) And Personal Work Ability (KKP) Of Satmoko Clinic Officer Background: Based on preliminary studies, several complaints of patients were obtained through social media stating that lack of hospitality among the Satmoko Clinic staffs. Another discovery obtained from a preliminary study that was carried out in September 2020, It was known that in the last two years Satmoko Clinic had only conducted one training for clinic staffs. Because there were still complaints about hospitality, this suggests that the Satmoko Clinic staffs still needs training to improve competence. The training that was carried out is unable to become the performance problem solution. Therefore, training needs analysis to determine training activities that suit performance problems. The study aims to analyze the training needs of the Satmoko Clinic staffs based on work ability (KKJ) and personal work ability (KKP). Method: The study used a combination method, with a explanatory sequential approach. The study was carried out in November – December 2020 at Satmoko Clinic. Quantitative data collection through the filling of questionnaires and the research subject were determined by purposive sampling. The variables under study are work knowledge, work attitude and work skills. The collection of qualitative data through observation and interview with the manager as the key informers and clinic owner as triangulation infomant. Result: Based on the training needs analysis rating, the competence priority component of training is the ability to report illness, precision at work, procrastination habits, the ability to evaluate pharmaceutical services, and the ability to administer criticisms, suggestions, and questions. Conclusion: The training that the Satmoko Clinic staffs needs is disease reporting training, stretching and active rest training, self-leadership training, pharmacist standard service training, and service excellence training. Keywords: Clinic, Training Needs Analysis, performance.

Determinan Penyebab Perilaku Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dalam Pencegahan DBD oleh Ibu Rumah Tangga di Kelurahan Sendangmulyo Hidayah, Novia Nur; Prabamurti, Priyadi Nugraha; Handayani, Novia
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.229-239

Latar belakang: Demam berdarah dengue merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue melalui Â gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypty. Kasus DBD di kelurahan Sendangmulyo terus meningkat sejak tahun 2018 hingga tahun 2020. Meningkatnya kasus DBD disebabkan oleh kurangnya kepedulian masyarakat terhadap kebersihan lingkungan seperti sampah yang menjadi tempat berkembang biaknya nyamuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis determinan perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga terhadap kasus DBD oleh ibu rumah tangga di Kelurahan Sendangmulyo.Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu rumah tangga berjumlah 12.393 dengan sampel sebanyak 388 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode proportional random sampling dan pengambilan data menggunakan googleform dilakukan bulan Desember 2020 hingga Januari 2021. Variabel bebas yaitu umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, jumlah anggota keluarga dalam 1 KK, riwayat penyakit DBD dalam 1 keluarga, pengetahuan, sikap, sarana prasarana, akses informasi, dukungan keluarga, dukungan di lingkungan rumah, dukungan petugas lingkungan kelurahan, dukungan petugas kesehatan dan variabel terikat yaitu perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga. Uji statistik yang digunakan pada analisis univariat adalah distribusi frekuensi dan pada analisis bivariat adalah uji Chi square. Penelitian ini telah mendapat persetujuan dari Komisi Etik Penelitian Kesehatan nomor 306/EA/KEPK-FKM/2020.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebanyak 53,9% responden memiliki perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga yang buruk. Karakteristik responden mayoritas umur >44 tahun 59,8%, pendidikan tinggi 74,7%, pekerjaan bekerja 80,9%, pendapatan 50,8% <UMR, terdapat 52,1% jumlah anggota keluarga luas dalam 1 KK, 83% tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit DBD dalam 1 keluarga, pengetahuan baik 51,5%, sikap baik 51,8%, sarana â€“ prasarana baik 66,2%, akses informasi buruk 57,2%, mendapat dukungan keluarga 64,9%, mendapat dukungan di lingkungan rumah 59,5%, mendapat dukungan petugas lingkungan kelurahan 78,1%, mendapat dukungan petugas kesehatan 57,5%. Hasil uji statistik Chi square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan umur (p=0,000), pendidikan (p=0,039), pekerjaan (p=0,001), pendapatan (p=0,000), riwayat penyakit DBD dalam 1 keluarga (p=0,000), pengetahuan (p=0,000), sarana prasarana (p=0,042), akses informasi (p=0,000), dukungan keluarga (p=0,001) dan dukungan petugas kesehatan (p=0,025) dengan perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga.Simpulan: Â perilaku pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga yang buruk memiliki hubungan dengan umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, riwayat penyakit DBD dalam 1 keluarga, pengetahuan, sarana prasarana, akses informasi, dukungan keluarga dan dukungan petugas kesehatan terhadap kasus DBD di kelurahan Sendangmulyo.Kata kunci: Demam Berdarah Dengue; Perilaku Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga; Ibu Rumah Tangga; Kelurahan SendangmulyoÂ ABSTRACTTitle: Determinants of the Household Waste Management Behavior in preventing DHF Cases by housewives in Sendangmulyo VillageBackground: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus through the bite of the Aedes aegypty mosquito. DHF cases in the Sendangmulyo sub-district continued to increase from 2018 to 2020. The increase in dengue cases was due to a lack of public awareness of environmental hygiene such as garbage which became a breeding ground for mosquitoes. This study aims to analyze the behavioral determinants of household waste management on cases of dengue fever by housewives in Sendangmulyo Village.Method: This type of research is observational with a cross sectional approach. The research population is housewives totaling 12,393 with a sample of 388 respondents. Sampling using proportional random sampling method and data collection using google form. The independent variables are age, education, occupation, income, number of family members in 1 KK, history of dengue fever in 1 family, knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure, access to information, family support, support in the home environment, support from village environment officers, support officers health. The statistical test used in the univariate analysis is the frequency distribution and in the bivariate analysis is the Chi square test. This research has received approval from the Health Research Ethics Commission number 306/EA/KEPK-FKM/2020.Results: The results showed that 53.9% of respondents had poor household waste management behavior. The results of the Chi square statistical test showed that there was a relationship between age (p = 0.000), education (p = 0.039), occupation (p = 0.001), income (p = 0.000), history of DHF in 1 family (p = 0.000), knowledge ( p=0.000), infrastructure (p=0.042), access to information (p=0.000), family support (p=0.001) and support from health workers (p=0.025) with household waste management behavior.Conclusion: Poor household waste management behavior has a relationship with age, education, occupation, income, history of dengue disease in one family, knowledge, infrastructure, access to information, family support and support from health workers for dengue cases in Sendangmulyo village.Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever; Household Waste Management Behavior; Housewives;Â Sendangmulyo Village

Tingkat Kecemasan (State-Trait Anxiety) Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Semarang Tri Rosa Setyananda; Ratih Indraswari; Priyadi Nugraha Prabamurti
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.251-263

Latar belakang: Kota Semarang merupakan wilayah zona merah dan menempati posisi pertama kasus COVID-19 tertinggi di Jawa Tengah. Keadaan tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan mental masyarakat, salah satunya yaitu kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan masyarakat terhadap pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 1.303.862 dengan sampel berjumlah 407 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik non probabillity sampling yaitu consecutive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah State-Trait Anxiety Inventory dari Charles D. Spielberger. Pengumpulan data menggunakan google form yang dibagikan melalui berbagai media sosial. Variabel bebas penelitian yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan, status perkawinan, persepsi, dan defence mechanism. Variabel terikat yaitu tingkat kecemasan. Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk analisis univariat adalah distribusi frekuensi serta analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Penelitian ini telah mendapatkan persetujuan oleh Komisi Etik Penelitian Kesehatan FKM Undip dengan nomor 260/EA/KEPK-FKM/2020.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pada state anxiety level (66,8%) responden berada pada tingkat sedang, (27,3%) responden berada pada tingkat ringan, serta (5,9%) responden berada pada tingkat berat. Hasil trait anxiety level menunjukkan (67,3%) responden berada pada tingkat sedang, (27,3%) responden pada tingkat ringan, serta (5,4%) responden berada pada tingkat berat. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan state anxiety level pandemi COVID-19 adalah umur (p-value =0,018), jenis kelamin (p-value =0,013), pekerjaan (p-value =0,003), status perkawinan (p-value =0,006), pendapatan (p-value=0,032), persepsi (p=0,021), dan defence mechanism (p-value=0,000). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan trait anxiety level pandemi COVID-19 adalah umur (p-value =0,006), pekerjaan (p-value =0,000), status perkawinan (p-value =0,003), pendapatan (p-value =0,001), dan defence mechanism (p-value =0,000).Simpulan: State anxiety dan trait anxiety menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di Kota Semarang mengalami tingkat kecemasan sedang terhadap COVID-19. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan state anxiety adalah umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, status perkawinan, pendapatan, persepsi. Tidak ada hubungan antara state anxiety dengan pendidikan. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan trait anxiety adalah umur, pekerjaan, status perkawinan, pendapatan. Tidak ada hubungan antara trait anxiety dengan jenis kelamin, dan pendidikan. Terdapat hubungan antara state-trait anxiety dengan defence mechanism.Kata kunci: Tingkat Kecemasan, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Pandemi COVID-19, Kesehatan Mental, Mekanisme Pertahanan ABSTRACT Title: The Anxiety Level (State-Trait Anxiety) towards COVID-19 Pandemic in the Semarang CityBackground: Semarang city is a red zone area and occupies the 1st position as the most amount of COVID-19 case in Central Java. The COVID-19 pandemic has bad impacts on the mental condition to the people, one of those mental condition is anxiety. Anxiety attack all levels of society. This study has purpose to measure the level anxiety of society towards the COVID-19 pandemic in Semarang City.Method: This study using observasional research design with cross sectional approach. The research targets 1.303.862 which is takes sample from 407 respondents. Sampling was carried out using the non probability sampling technique, consecutive sampling technique that using google form and spread it to the random people in social media. The questionnaire used was the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory from Charles D. Spielberger. Independent variable is age, gender, education, occupation, income, marital status, perception, defence mechanism. Dependent variable is anxiety level. Univariat analysis using frequency distribution. Bivariate analysis using Chi-Square. This research has been approved by Health Research Ethics Committee Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University which is contained in ethical approval number 260/EA/KEPK-FKM/2020.Result: The results showed that the state anxiety level shows (66.8%) respondents are at the medium level, (27.3%) respondents are at the mild level, (5.9%) the respondents are at the critical level. The results trait anxiety levels indicate that (67.3%) respondents are at medium level, (27.3%) respondents are at mild level, (5.4%) respondents are at critical level. Factors which are related between state anxiety of the COVID-19 pandemic included age (p-value = 0.018), gender (p-value = 0.013) occupation (p-value = 0.003) marital status (p-value = 0.006), income (p-value = 0.032), and defense mechanisms (p-value = 0.000). Factors which are related between trait anxiety level of the COVID-19 pandemic included other age (p-value = 0.006), occupation (p-value = 0.000), marital status (p-value = 0.003), income (p-value = 0.001), and defense mechanisms (p-value = 0.000).Conclusion: The level of state trait anxiety of public in the Semarang city is mostly at the medium level. The result of the chi-square test showed that factors which are related between state anxiety included age, gender, occupation, marital status, income, and perception. There is no relation between the anxiety level and education. Factors which are related between trait anxiety included age, occupation, marital status, and income. There is no relation between the trait anxiety level with gender, education, and perception. There is a relation between state-trait anxiety level and defence mechanism.Keywords: Anxiety Level, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, COVID-19 Pandemic, Mental Health, Defence Mechanism

Apakah Pelaksanaan Program Jogo Tonggo di Desa Kauman Kabupaten Pekalongan Efektif ? Sholichat, Baqiatus; Suryoputro, Antono; Nandini, Nurhasmadiar
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.212-218

Latar belakang: Sehubungan dengan meningkatnya wabah COVID-19 dan penularannya di Desa Kauman, Kabupaten Pekalongan dengan 22 kasus positif COVID-19 per 28 Januari 2021, perlu adanya upaya percepatan penanganan COVID-19 secara sistematis, terstruktur dan menyeluruh melalui pembentukan â€œSatgas Jogo Tonggoâ€. Desa Kauman merupakan salah satu desa di Kabupaten Pekalongan yang menerapkan Jogo Tonggo. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis implementasi Program Jogo Tonggo dengan melihat aspek organisasi, interpretasi, dan aplikasi.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan teknik analisis konten. Kegiatan analisis ini meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan data. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang dipilih berdasarkan purposive sampling. Subjek penelitian yaitu Ketua Satgas Jogo Tonggo RW 02, RW 05, RW 07, satgas kesehatan, satgas ekonomi, satgas sosial dan keamanan serta satgas hiburan. Sedangkan informan triangulasi yaitu Kepala Desa Kauman, sekretaris desa, fungsional sanitarian, dan Warga Desa Kauman.Hasil: Pelaksanaan Program Jogo Tonggo di Desa Kauman baru mencakup dua bidang, yaitu bidang kesehatan dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Program Jogo Tonggo belum berjalan optimal dipengaruhi beberapa faktor yaitu keterlibatan masyarakat yang masih rendah, ketidaksesuaian komunikasi dan koordinasi di tingkat desa dikarenakan Ketua RW belum menerima lampiran susunan Satgas Jogo Tonggo, koordinasi Satgas Jogo Tonggo tidak dilaksanakan secara berjenjang, belum terdapat anggaran khusus untuk kegiatan operasional pelaksanaan program tingkat RW, serta sarana prasarana belum didistribusikan kepada tiap RW dan masih menumpuk di balai desa.Simpulan: Pelaksanaan Program Jogo Tonggo di Desa Kauman belum berjalan optimal dipengaruhi oleh ketidaksesuaian komunikasi dan koordinasi di tingkat desa, belum tersedianya anggaran khusus untuk pelaksanaan Program Jogo Tonggo, serta keterlibatan masyarakat dalam proses pembentukan Satgas Jogo Tonggo masih minim, sehingga masyarakat tidak mengetahui tugas, wewenang dan tanggung jawab dari Program Jogo Tonggo.Kata kunci: COVID-19; Jogo Tonggo; Pemberdayaan MasyarakatÂ ABSTRACTTitle: Is The Jogo Tonggo Program Implementation in Kauman Village, Pekalongan Regency Effective?Background: Due to the increase and transmission of COVID-19 outbreak in Kauman Village, Pekalongan Regency with 22 positive cases of COVID-19 in January 28th 2021, it is necessary to have efforts to accelerate the handling of COVID-19 in a systematic, structured and comprehensive manner through the formation of the "Satgas Jogo Tonggo". Kauman Village is one of the villages in Pekalongan Regency which implements Jogo Tonggo. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of The Jogo Tonggo Program by looking at aspects of the organization, interpretation, and application.Methods: This study was a qualitative descriptive study with a content analysis technique approach. This analysis activity included data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing data conclusions. Data were collected by in-depth interviews with selected informants based on purposive sampling. The research subjects were The Head of Satgas Jogo Tonggo RW 02, RW 05, RW 07, the health satgas, theÂ economic satgas, the social and security satgas and the entertainment satgas. The triangulation informants were The Head of Kauman Village, the village secretary, the sanitarian functional and the kauman village residents.Result: The implementation of The Jogo Tonggo Program in Kauman Village covers only two sectors, such as the health and economic sectors. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of The Jogo Tonggo Program has not been optimal due to several factors, such as low community involvement, inadequacy of communication and coordination at the village level because The Head of the Rukun Warga (RW) has not received a attachment of The Satgas Jogo Tonggo, The Satgas Jogo Tonggoâ€™s coordination was not implemented in stages, there is no specific budgets for operational activities of program implementation at the RW level, and infrastructure have not been distributed to each RW because still piled up in the village hall.Conclusion: The implementation of The Jogo Tonggo Program in Kauman Village has not been runningÂ optimally due to the mismatch of communication and coordination at the village level, the unavailability of a specific budget for the implementation of The Jogo Tonggo Program, and community involvement in the process of establishing The Satgas Jogo Tonggo was still minimal, so that the community does not know the duties, authorities and the responsibility of The Jogo Tonggo program.Â Keywords: COVID-19; Jogo Tonggo; Community EmpowermentÂ

Stres Pengasuhan Ibu dengan Anak Tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Semarang Selama Pandemi COVID-19 Marliana, Riska Suci; Prabamurti, Priyadi Nugraha; Handayani, Novia
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.219-228

Latar belakang: Anak tunagrahita adalah anak yang memiliki intelegensia rendah di bawah rata-rata (IQâ‰¤70) yang diikuti keterbatasan fungsi adaptif dan fungsi intelektual, sehingga anak tunagrahita membutuhkan bantuan pengasuhan ibu lebih banyak daripada anak normal. Peraturan pemerintah mengenai Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) karena pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia menambah beban pengasuhan yang mengakibatkan stres pengasuhan pada ibu. Stres pengasuhan menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya kekerasan terhadap anak. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan stres pengasuhan ibu dengan anak tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Semarang selama pandemi COVID-19.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu dengan anak tunagrahita di SLB Negeri Semarang berjumlah 151 ibu dengan sampel 110 responden yang diambil dengan teknik proportional stratified random sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah usia anak, tingkat retardasi mental anak, usia ibu, jumlah anak yang diasuh, dukungan sosial dan stres pengasuhan ibu. Tingkat stres pengasuhan ibu diukur menggunakan Parent Stress Index-Short Form. Â Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket google form yang disebarkam lewat pesan singkat Whatsapp orangtua/wali murid SLB Negeri Semarang tingat Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian menggunakan analisis univariat (distribusi frekuensi) dan bivariat (uji chi-square).Hasil: Mayoritas ibu mengalami stres pengasuhan rendah sebanyak 56,4%, sedangkan yang tinggi sebesar 43,6%. Karakteristik anak meliputi mayoritas usia anak < 10 tahun (72,7%) dengan kategori retardasi mental ringan (58,2%). Karakteristik ibu meliputi mayoritas usia ibu < 38 tahun (61,8%) dengan jumlah anak yang diasuh < 2 anak (66,4%) dan kategori dukungan sosial tinggi (57,3%). Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat retardasi mental anak (p-value = 0,000) dan dukungan sosial (p-value = 0,012) terhadap stres pengasuhan ibu dengan anak tunagrahita.Simpulan: Ada hubungan antara stres pengasuhan ibu dengan tingkat retardasi mental anak dan dukungan sosial. Semakin ringan tingkat retardasi mental anak, maka semakin rendah stres pengasuhan yang dialami ibu. Demikian pula dengan dukungan sosial, semakin tinggi dukungan sosial yang diterima ibu maka semikin rendah stres pengasuhan yang dialami ibu.Kata kunci: Anak Tunagrahita; Stres Pengasuhan Ibu; Tingkat Retardasi Mental; Dukungan SosialÂ ABSTRACT Title: Parenting Stress among Mother with Mental Retardation Child during COVID-19 PandemicBackground: Mental retardation child is a child who has below average low intelligence (IQâ‰¤70) followed by limitations of adaptive function and intellectual function so mental retardation child need more parenting care than normal children. Government regulation on Distance Learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia add to the burden of parenting that results parenting stress among mother. Parenting stress is one of the causes of violence against children. The main purpose of this study is to analyze factors related to parenting stress among mother in SLB Negeri Semarang.Method: The research design is analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach. The research population is all mothers with mental retardation child in SLB Negeri Semarang numbered 151 mother with a sample of 110 respondents taken with proportional stratified random sampling techniques. Variables in this study were the age of the child, the child's level of mental retardation, the age of the mother, the number of children, social support, and parenting stress. Parenting stress level are measured by Parents Stress Index-Short Form. Data collection using google form questionnaire disseminated through Whatsapp group of parents / guardians of SLB Negeri Semarang Elementary School. The study used univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate (chi-square test) analysis. Result: The majority of mothers experienced low parenting stress as much as 56.4% while the high one was 43.6%. Child characteristics include the majority of children < age 10 years (72.7%) with mild mental retardation category (58.2%). Mother characteristics include the majority of mothers aged < 38 years (61.8%) with the number of children < 2 children (66.4%) and high social support categories (57.3%). There is a correlation between a child's level of mental retardation (p-value = 0.000) and social support (p-value = 0.012) to the parenting stress with a mental retardation child. Conclusion: There is a correlation between parenting stress among mother with child mental retardation levels and social support. The lighter the child's mental retardation level, the lower the parenting stress experienced by the mother. Similarly, with social support, the higher the social support that mothers receive, the less stressful parenting the mother experiences.Keywords: Mental Retardation Child; Parenting Stress among Mother; Childâ€™s Level of Mental Retardation; Social Support

Determinan Perilaku Pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada Ibu Usia Remaja di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Genuk Kota Semarang Laila Septia Anindia; Bagoes Widjanarko; Aditya Kusumawati
MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 20, No 4 (2021): MKMI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkmi.20.4.240-250

Latar belakang: ASI adalah makanan terbaik bagi bayi usia 0-6 bulan. Ibu usia remaja diketahui memiliki angka cakupan ASI eksklusif yang rendah. Capaian ASI eksklusif di Kecamatan Genuk pada tahun 2018 hanya sebesar 39,61%, sehingga masih di bawah target nasional yaitu 50%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu usia remaja di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Genuk.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu usia remaja (15-21 tahun) yang memiliki bayi usia 6-12 bulan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Penghitungan sampel menggunakan Rumus Slovin didapatkan sebanyak 60 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan google form yang disebarkan melalui pesan singkat Whatsapp ibu usia remaja dan kuesioner dibagikan secara langsung kepada ibu usia remaja.Hasil: Analisis menunjukkan sebanyak 36,7% responden telah memberikan ASI eksklusif. Terdapat hubungan antara keikutsertaan kelas ibu hamil (p-value = 0,010), keikutsertaan kelas ibu balita (p-value = 0,002), persepsi (p-value = 0,000), motivasi (p-value = 0,000), pengetahuan (p-value = 0,002), sikap (p-value = 0,000), dan dukungan suami (p-value= 0,005) terhadap perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu usia remaja.Simpulan: Hasil uji chi square dan fisher exact menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara keikutsertaan kelas ibu hamil, keikutsertaan kelas ibu balita, persepsi, motivasi, pengetahuan, sikap, dan dukungan suami. Tidak ada hubungan antara usia, pendidikan, status pekerjaan, pendapatan keluarga, paritas, status kehamilan, dukungan keluarga, dukungan petugas kesehatan, dan akses informasi.Kata kunci: Ibu Usia Remaja, Menyusui, ASI Eksklusif ABSTRACTTitle: Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Behavior in Adolescent Mothers in the Work Area of the Genuk Public Health Center, Semarang CityBackground: Breast milk is the best food for babies aged 0-6 months. Adolescent mothers are known to have low rates of exclusive breastfeeding. The achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Genuk sub-district in 2018 was only 39.61%, so it is still below the national target of 50%. This study aims to determine what factors are associated with exclusive breastfeeding for adolescent mothers in the work area of the Genuk Health Center.Method: This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were mothers of adolescence (15-21 years) who had babies aged 6-12 months. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The sample count using the Slovin formula obtained as many as 60 respondents. Data collection using google form which is distributed via WhatsApp short messages for teenage mothers and questionnaires distributed directly to teenage mothers.Result: The analysis showed that 36.7% of respondents had exclusively breastfed. There is a relationship between class participation of pregnant women (p-value = 0.010), class participation of mothers under five (p-value = 0.002), perception (p-value = 0,000), motivation (p-value = 0,000), knowledge (p-value = 0.002), attitude (p-value = 0.000), and husband's support (p-value = 0.005) on the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding in adolescent mothers.Conclusion: Chi square and fisher exact test results show that there is a relationship between class participation of pregnant women, class participation of mothers under five, perceptions, motivation, knowledge, attitudes, and husband's support. There is no relationship between age, education, employment status, family income, parity, pregnancy status, family support, support from health workers, and access to information.Keywords: Adolescent Mothers, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding

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