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Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 2580569X     EISSN : 25805754     DOI : 10.30829
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 282 Documents
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Exact Formulas for the Energy, Laplacian Energy, and Signless Laplacian Energy of Line Graphs of Lintang Graphs Fransiskus Fran; Meliana Pasaribu; Helmi Helmi; Raventino Raventino
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.28777

Abstract

This study establishes exact formulas for the energy, Laplacian energy, and signless Laplacian energy of the lintang graph Ln and its line graph L(Ln). An algebraic spectral framework is employed to construct the associated matrices and determine their eigenvalues explicitly. In contrast to general results on line graph energies introduced by Ivan Gutman and subsequent studies, this work focuses on a specific two-hub graph structure for which explicit spectral formulas have not been previously reported. The results show that E(Ln) = 2 sqrt(2n), LE(L1) = QE(L1) = 10 sqrt(3), LE(Ln) = QE(Ln) = 4(n^2 - n + 2)/(n + 2) for n >= 2, and E(L(Ln)) = LE(L(Ln)) = QE(L(Ln)) = 4n - 4. These findings reveal a transition from sublinear to linear growth under the line graph transformation. The results contribute to spectral graph theory and are relevant to chemical graph theory and network analysis.
Cheating Detection and Identification in Shamir Secret Sharing Scheme using Parity-Based Verification Mirza Farhan Azhari; Sugi Guritman; Jaharuddin Jaharuddin; Teduh Wulandari Mas'oed
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.28985

Abstract

Shamir's (k, n)-threshold secret sharing scheme provides information-theoretic secrecy against unauthorized subsets. However, it does not verify whether submitted shares are genuine during reconstruction. This study proposes a parity-based modification of Shamir's scheme. In the proposed construction, each share is extended into a triplet over Zp (the integers modulo p). The additional component ci serves as an authenticated verification parameter bound to the participant identity and share value. Under the authenticated parity model, the proposed scheme detects and identifies forged shares before reconstruction. Once a forged share is identified, its original value can be restored locally from the authenticated parity value. The cheating success probability is bounded by 1/p. The construction also attains the Ogata-Kurosawa-Stinson lower bound on share size and preserves the threshold reconstruction property. The secret is embedded as the leading coefficient ak-1 and recovered using a recursive divided-difference formulation, requiring O(k2) field operations and O(k) memory after verification. Runtime evaluation over a 256-bit prime field shows that reconstruction remains practical for large reconstruction sets. The additional parity component yields information rate rho = 1/2. It also requires only one extra field element per participant. A blockchain wallet key-distribution case study is included to illustrate how authenticated parity values can support share verification and correction in institutional key recovery. Compared with prior cheating-detection schemes, the proposed construction achieves an OKS-bound cheating probability within a Shamir-based framework. It also supports recursive coefficient recovery and post-identification share correction.
Measuring Tail Risk in the Farmer Price Index Difference using POT-EVT Silvina Rosita Yulianti; Muhammad Bayu Nirwana; Khrisna Putri Maharani; Ahmad Zaakiy Hidayat; Andreas Ronny Wijaya
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.30038

Abstract

Farmer welfare suffers when the Farmer Price Received Index does not keep up with the Farmer Price Paid Index, and common ratio-based measures such as the Farmers' Exchange Rate do not capture sharp drops well. This study measures the extreme downside risk of the Index Difference (ID), the difference between the two indices. Because agricultural price data are heavy-tailed and not normally distributed, a Peaks-over-Threshold (POT) model based on the Generalized Pareto Distribution is fitted to the loss variable Loss = -ID, using monthly Indonesian data from January 2006 to December 2023 (216 observations). Risk is measured by Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES). At the 95th-percentile threshold, 11 exceedances give a slightly negative, near-zero shape parameter, and the 99% VaR and ES for ID are about -6.44 and -6.81. Applying POT-EVT to a farmer welfare indicator is a new contribution, and the estimates are exploratory, intended to illustrate the potential of ID-based early warning and insurance-trigger design rather than to support immediate application. With only 11 exceedances, however, these uses remain suggested rather than demonstrated, and the tail estimates should be read with caution.
Numerical Simulation of Tidal Hydrodynamics in the Mahakam Estuary using MacCormack and Lax-Wendroff Schemes Hadi Hermansyah; Emil Azmanajaya; Indriasri Raming; Faisal Faisal; Fahruddin Fahruddin
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.29652

Abstract

Tidal hydrodynamics in the Mahakam Estuary are influenced by intricate tidal propagation and river–estuary interactions, necessitating precise numerical modeling. This research analyzed the MacCormack and Lax–Wendroff methods for addressing the one-dimensional Saint–Venant equations influenced by semi-diurnal tides, with an average depth of 10 m and a river flow rate of 3000 m³/s. Simulations were performed with uniform discretization under chosen CFL conditions and confirmed against analytical tidal propagation traits using RMSE, MAE, correlation coefficient, and wave amplitude retention. Both models effectively replicated flood–ebb cycles and tidal damping with similar precision. The MacCormack scheme generated more refined solutions with reduced numerical oscillations, while the Lax–Wendroff scheme maintained sharper gradients but exhibited slight dispersive errors. In general, both methods proved to be dependable and numerically consistent for tidal simulations in the Mahakam Estuary.
Clean Water Pipeline Network Optimization using Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithms in Argopuro Housing, Jember Agustina Pradjaningsih; Audy Putri Lestari; Firda Fadri; Apriani Soepardi
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.28487

Abstract

Infrastructure development requires cost-efficient planning to ensure sustainable urban services. This study optimized the clean water pipeline network in Argopuro Housing, Jember, using Minimum Spanning Tree algorithms. The system was modeled as a weighted undirected graph representing junctions and pipe segments. Four algorithms Prim’s, Kruskal’s, Sollin’s, and Borůvka’s were applied to determine the optimal configuration and evaluate computational performance. All algorithms produced the same optimal pipeline length of approximately 31.00 km, representing a 40.24% reduction from the initial network. Execution time differed, with Prim’s algorithm being the fastest (0.0008 s), followed by Kruskal’s (0.0012 s), Borůvka’s (0.0067 s), and Sollin’s (0.2476 s). These results demonstrate that MST-based optimization effectively improves network efficiency. However, the study was limited to a single dataset and pipeline length as the main criterion. Future research should incorporate additional constraints and larger network scenarios for broader applicability.
Modeling Competing Risks in Leukemia Patients: A Survival using the Cause-Specific Hazard Approach Mohamat Fatekurohman; Ilma Safitri
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.28862

Abstract

Leukemia is a hematological malignancy with high mortality, where deaths may arise from leukemia or other causes, leading to competing risks. This study aims to model event-specific mortality by integrating the Extended Cox model with time-dependent covariates into the Cause-Specific Hazard (CSH) framework. Secondary data from 130 leukemia patients at RSUD dr. H. Koesnadi Bondowoso (2022–2024) were analyzed, with survival time as the response and two competing events. Parameter estimation was conducted using maximum partial likelihood within a competing risks structure, optimized via Newton–Raphson iteration. The results show that chronic disease significantly increases the hazard of leukemia-related death (HR = 4.60; 95% CI: 1,46-14,44), while sex (HR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0,12-0,73) and body mass index (HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0,73-0,91) significantly influence mortality due to other causes. These findings demonstrate that the CSH framework provides more accurate and clinically interpretable estimates by distinguishing event-specific risks. This approach supports improved risk stratification and evidence-based clinical decision-making in leukemia management.
Evaluating the Success of Bank Jago Digital Banking Application using an Integrated DeLone and McLean and TAM Model Dessy Elvyana; Zarnelly Zarnelly; Tengku Khairil Ahsyar; Nesdi Evrilyan Rozanda; Angraini Angraini
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.29866

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital banking in Indonesia has increased the need to evaluate the success of digital banking applications from both information system and user acceptance perspectives. Despite its widespread adoption, Bank Jago users continue to report issues related to system performance and service quality. This study evaluates the success of the Bank Jago application by integrating the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A quantitative survey of 100 Bank Jago users in Pekanbaru, recruited through non-probability accidental sampling, was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4; this geographic and sampling scope bounds the generalizability of the findings. Seven of the nine hypotheses were supported; Information Quality did not significantly affect User Satisfaction, and Perceived Usefulness did not significantly affect Behavioral Intention to Use. The model explained a substantial proportion of variance in User Satisfaction (R2 = 0.752), and the strongest reported standardized relationship was User Satisfaction on Net Benefit (Beta = 0.747), which is a single-predictor path and should be interpreted with that structural prominence in mind. These findings support the integrated DeLone and McLean and TAM framework in the digital banking context and indicate that Bank Jago should prioritize system quality, service quality, and application usability to enhance user satisfaction and the benefits perceived by users.
Analysis of Online Marketplace user Satisfaction using SERVQUAL, Quality Function Deployment, and Mixed Integer Linear Programming Nayla Nur Alifah; Toni Bakhtiar; Jaharuddin Jaharuddin
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.30035

Abstract

This study analyzes and optimizes user satisfaction in online marketplaces by integrating SERVQUAL, the Kano Model, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Data were collected from 167 Shopee users, with 107 valid responses analyzed. SERVQUAL measured service quality dimensions, the Kano Model derived satisfaction and dissatisfaction parameters, QFD translated user requirements into internal service measures, and MILP selected optimal improvement alternatives under an IDR 90,000,000 budget constraint. The results show that assurance had the highest SERVQUAL weight (0.207), followed by tangibility (0.201), reliability (0.200), empathy (0.198), and responsiveness (0.195). The Pearson correlation based HoQ approach selected customer service training, automatic delivery update features, and feedback completion incentives, with a total cost of IDR 85,000,000 and a deviation value of 0.191. These findings provide scenario based decision support to improve the quality of marketplace services.
A Mathematical Model for Conservation Strategies of Rare Plants in North Sumatra Notalia Pardamean Sihombing; Esther Sorta Mauli Nababan; Sutarman Sutarman
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.29239

Abstract

This study develops a nonlinear mathematical model for the conservation of rare plant populations in North Sumatra by incorporating interactions among rare plants, human populations, population pressure, and fire- and toxicant-control activities. The model is formulated as a system of four nonlinear ordinary differential equations and analyzed using positivity, boundedness, equilibrium, and stability theory. The analysis establishes four equilibrium points, including a biologically relevant coexistence equilibrium. Conditions for the existence of this equilibrium are derived, while its local and global asymptotic stability are established using the Routh–Hurwitz criterion and Lyapunov stability theory, respectively. Numerical simulations using illustrative parameter values are performed to support the analytical results and demonstrate the qualitative behavior of the system. The results provide analytical conditions under which rare plant populations can persist despite human pressure and environmental disturbances. This study is theoretical in nature and is not calibrated using ecological field data; therefore, the numerical results are intended to illustrate model dynamics rather than provide site-specific conservation predictions. The proposed framework contributes to the mathematical understanding of conservation dynamics and may serve as a foundation for future data-driven conservation studies.
Rule-Based IoT Decision Support System for Real-Time Chili Plant Growth Monitoring Ertina Sabarita Barus; D.A Barus; Delima Sitanggang; Agung Prabowo; Palma Juanda; Gellysa Urva
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v10i2.30236

Abstract

This study proposes a rule-based IoT decision support system for real-time chili plant growth monitoring. Its main contribution is an integrated framework for chili cultivation that combines plant growth indicators and environmental sensor data within a single transparent IF-THEN rule structure an integration not commonly addressed in prior chili-monitoring systems. The system integrates eight parameters stem height, branches, leaves, fruits, soil moisture, temperature, water volume, and soil pH collected from 100 plant samples and 704 repeated environmental sensor records over a single 14-week growing season. Classification is formalized as a maximum-severity decision over a knowledge base of eight rules: each rule carries a severity level, and a record receives the label of the most severe triggered rule (Less Optimal > Fairly Good > Optimal). Thresholds were set through a two-step calibration that combines established agronomic ranges for Capsicum annuum with empirical refinement against observed plant responses. The logic was validated against 100 expert-labeled records using a confusion matrix, achieving 96% overall accuracy (95% CI: 90.2–98.4%), a macro-average F1-score of 93.4%, and per-class F1-scores between 88.9% and 98.0%. Classification results show that 75% of records fell into the Less Optimal category, driven primarily by elevated temperature (mean 34.09°C) and acidic soil pH (mean 5.38). The system delivers interpretable, actionable decision support without complex machine learning infrastructure; its main limitation is that thresholds were calibrated on a single site and season, so external multi-site validation is required before broader deployment.

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