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Adabiyyat: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra

Adabiyyat
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

ISSN : 25491482 EISSN : 25492047 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art,

Arts Humanities

AdabiyyÄt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, memiliki fokus kajian pada lingkup bahasa, sastra, dan terjemah (Arab, Inggris, dan Indonesia-terkecuali bahasa lokal). Bahasa pengantar yang dipakai dalam penulisan artikel jurnal AdabiyyÄt adalah bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal AdabiyyÄt diterbitkan dua kali dalam satu tahun oleh Fakultas Adab dan Ilmu Budaya, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, berdiri sejak tahun 2002.

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1 (2009)" : 10 Documents clear

BAHASA ARAB SEBAGAI BAHASA DIGLOSIS Umi Nurun Ni’mah
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Just like many centuries ago, the Arabic language today is under a “diglossic” situation. As a langue, it richly varies that among them are the “high” and the “low” –something that very common in a diglossic situation. The “high” is the formal variant, called fushā and the “low” is the colloquial spoken variant, called lahjah (dialect). This latest variant grows differently in many shapes that are not yet clearly classified as the linguists agree so far. The dichotomy between fushā-lahjah truly is not a new phenomenon in Arabic world as it has taken place since long ago. However, it has just become a serious problem lately. The dialectical Arabic growth of the lahjah with its plenty different variants in the centers of culture raises problems. This paper comes before you describing the general situation instead of the detail characteristic of every variant. Besides, herewith the discussion on the scientific attention on the matter of diglossic Arabic and —certainly— the problems it rises. The Arabic linguists pay so much attention to solve it for which the debates come largely. The unavoidable disagreements come into one of the three: keeping the fushā, contradicting it, or standing between. Some opinions are given for examples. However all out they have made their effort for it, it would remain a difficult problem without a serious consideration of all the Arab Unity on their own language. Therefore, the involvement of all of the Arabic states is absolutely needed.

HUBUNGAN BAHASA DAN KEBUDAYAAN (PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLINGUISTIK) Ahmad Mujib
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

The aim of this paper is to describe the relationship between the language and the culture on sociolinguistic perspective. As a perspective, its framework is based on several factors, which is outside of the language itself. It has something to do with the society. The social reality becomes very critical to understand the meaning itself. With this perspective, theories, which have described the relationship between the culture and the language, can be divided into two categories, namely the subordinate relationship and the coordinate relationship theories. The first relationship correlates with the view that the culture is the main system whereas the language is the subsystem. The second kind of the relationship or the coordinative relationship is based on the understanding that the language and the culture are two different systems, which are adopted by human being. The culture is the ruling system of the human interaction, while the language is the system with its function as the mean of carrying the continuity of that interaction.

IBNU JINNĪ MENEMBUS SEKAT MAZHAB LINGUISTIK (Memadukan Aspek Logis dan Sosiologis) Zamzam Afandi
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Abū al-Fath Usmān Ibnu Jinnī, a prolific Arabic linguist with more than forty five works, has a significant role in Arabic linguistics development. He made some efforts to cool down the tension between the two main schools of nahwu Bashra and Kufa that competed to penetrate their influence upon Arabic linguistics theories. Ibnu Jinnī, who had Motazila theological background, tried to bring the Arabic linguistic thoughts out of this conflict and took its way from hegemony of these two schools. He stood up between the two schools theories by combining the philosophical (logical) and sociological approach in discussing issues of Arabic linguistics. This article tries to examine the theory, method and approach used by Ibnu Jinnī in dealing with the linguistics issues. The article finds that Ibnu Jinnī view is that language is not a mere rational entity, but it has social dimensions. Based on this theory, Ibnu Jinnī shifted the paradigm of the Arabic linguistic issues from nah} wu based theories debate to a broader discourse and more comprehensive theories covering internal or structural aspects such as phonology, morphology, syntax as well as external aspects, notably sociology.

LINGUISTIK MODERN (Model Pengkajian Kebudayaan) Ali Badrudin
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Since the rise of the social science, in this case cultural studies, it has been difficult to determine the appropriate approach to analyze the social problems. The approach has close relation with the epistemology critic, which is unavoidable to the cultural studies, especially in the time where it handles the cultural variation facts. That the culture varies and that it gives the cultural studies a stimulus to adapt the modern linguistics are just a couple of facts. As a linguistics model, a cultural study has a powerful scientific base in the multi-variation of cultural data. The implication is so deep that it gives an orientation or a new perspective over a culture to be knowledgeable of human life. The use of modern linguistics approach (structural) in the cultural studies is related to Levi-Strauss ideas. He was the pioneer in the use of modern linguistics principles as models in order to know the cultural variations. The ambition of Levi-Strauss to build the cultural studies generates a scientific status for the study. It removes subjectivism, which ignores the essence of the meaning of culture. That ambition made structuralism a scientific study it is now although it is true that the modern linguistics creates the framework for the development of cultural studies. Yet, Structuralism has been criticized because it generates cultural studies to be mechanical.

QASAS AL-QUR`ĀN DALAM SUDUT PANDANG PRINSIP-PRINSIP STRUKTURALISME DAN NARASI (Pengantar Studi Sastra Narasi al-Qur`an) Moh. Wakhid Hidayat
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Literary appreciation to the Koran becomes a fundamental idea in this study. Literary appreciation is used, because the Koran is a glorious Arabic literary bible which is strongly believed in its perfection and beauty. The object of this paradigm is not the unwritten words of Allah, but that of Allah that have been recorded in Arabic media, written in musha and communicated by human being. The main goals of this study are analyzing qasas al-Qur’ān from the aspect of principal structuralism and narrative theory. Analyzing qasas al-Qur’ān from this view is in harmony with tartīb al-āyāt theory and unity story theory by surah of Khalafullāh, and Qusb narration of classification. This analysis proposes three classifications of qasas al-Qur’ān and they are different from, for example, Manna’ al-Qassān, Mussafā Sulaimān, Khalafullāh, yet they share something in common with classification of Qasb. These classifications are: the first is one narration in one surah, the second is the collection of short narrations in a sequence of the surah, and the third is the collection of short narration in non-sequence of surah. These classifications become in harmony with the Koranic order, which collects its verses in one surah, in stead of collecting themes from various surah.

HOMER SIMPSON: PROTOTIPE SUPERHERO BARU AMERIKA Danial Hidayatullah
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Hollywood films as one of America’s prominent industries that influence world’s popular culture can be seen as a cultural discourse. Movie as a popular literature conveys it message in its own unique ways. Myth is one of its messages. This study tries to reconstruct the myth of popular American superhero through an interesting new movie: The Simpsons. How the new type of hero is manifested is analyzed in this study to find out the continuities or changes in American’s collective dreams so that the new American perspective over heroic mythologies can be understood. Basically this study analyzes as well the possibilities of the meanings conveyed by the media. Textual analysis is conducted to understand not only the meanings of the myth of the superhero perceived by the audience but also the American characters inside the myth. The Simpsons seems to offer a new type of hero’s myth, which is very distinct from the previous type of popular superheroes as in Batman, Superman, or Spiderman.

NĀZIK AL-MALĀ`IKAH: Sepintas Biografi dan Pemikirannya tentang Puisi Bebas (Studi Tokoh Sastra Arab) Achmad Atho`illah
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

This article aims to provide a short biography of Iraqi Arab poet, Nāzik al-Malā`ikah, and her thoughts about free verse (al-syi’r al-h} urr). In this paper, the writer applies her personal life history. The results of this article show that Nāzik is a popular figure in modern Arabic literature. She occupies a prominent position not only because of her innovative experimental poetry, but also because of her critical theories. Since the publication of her first collection, ‘Āsyiqah al-Lail (1947),—which contains one of her best known works entitledKūlīra—she has contributed toward transforming Arabic poetry in terms of its orientation and structure. This is reflected equally in her works and in her critical theorization of the new poetic form known as free verse (al-syi’r al-h} urr). In 1949, she published her second volume of poems, Syazāyā wa Ramād, and prefaced it with a theory of new poetry metrics. Nāzik defines free verse (alsyi’r al-hurr) as any poetry that departs from the twohemistich line system and that employs the taf'ilah “foot”. And, the basic of the taf'ilah poetry is the unity of metrical foot. In her theory of new poetry metrics, she recommended two kinds of meters. They are pure meters (al-buhūr al-sāfiyah) and mixed meters (al-buhūr al-mamzūjah).

BAHASA IBU (BAHASA DAERAH) DI PALANGKARAYA: PERGESERAN DAN PEMERTAHANANNYA R. Hery Budhiono
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

This paper, firstly, aims to find out what language situation happens in Palangkaraya. The second aim is to find out the urgency of language maintenance and the factors affecting people in using their language. The language, mainly, functions as an instrument to communicate. A living language is one that has been being used and maintained by its speakers. Native language or mother tongue is one that is spoken traditionally by a community in a certain region: Javanese language for the Javanese, Sundanese language for the Sundanese, and Ngaju for Dayaks. Language maintenance is an attempt done by the community to maintain its native language. In other words, it denotes the continuing use of a language in the face of competition from a regionally and socially more powerful language. When the maintenance comes to a crash, the language dies slowly. Meanwhile, if it can compete with the other languages, it will survive.

KESALAHAN PEMBENTUKAN FRASE NOMINAL BAHASA ARAB OLEH PEMBELAJAR BAHASA ARAB (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Adab) Ubaidillah Ubaidillah
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

The research is aimed to describe the types of grammatical errors, especially the process of forming Arabic noun phrases (NP) done by students of Department of Arabic Language and Literature of State University for Islamic Studies Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, and to explain the factors that influence those errors. The data of this study is taken from the result of writing exam in the class of kitābah muhakkamah or 'academic formal writing' of the fifth semester. The method, which is used to describe the grammatical errors, especially the making process of Arabic NPs, is the method of error analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the frequency of errors in the process of forming the Arabic NPs, which happens repeatedly, is when the patterns of NP are noun+noun (N+N) and noun+adjective (N+Adj). The error of NP with a pattern of N+N happens when the article (al-) at head noun is used, while the error of NP with a pattern of N+Adj happens when the article (al-) at head noun, which has definite modifier, is omitted. The factors, which influence the making errors of Arabic NP, are grammatical factors. The grammatical factors are caused by the different rules between the Indonesian and Arabic NP. On the other hand, the process of language acquisition of second or foreign language makes these problems worse.

SASTRA PROFETIK KUNTOWIJOYO Aminudin Rifai
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Prophetic literature is, basically, a work of transcendental and mystical spirit because it comes from the deific values. In additions, it tends to change the course of the civilization to a better route because of its messianic spirit. Kuntowijoyo (1943--2005) is one of the prophetic poets with his touch on blending the social themes with historical activism in his works. The balance between social and spiritual world; between deific saturation and problems faced by the society; between the life before and after death, between religious and historical experience are depicted gracefully in his works. The propheticism in Kuntowijoyo works could be traced by using Riffatere’s semiotics.

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