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INDONESIA
JOURNAL OF PRIVATE AND COMMERCIAL LAW
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 25990314     EISSN : 25990306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Journal of Privat and Commercial Law (JPCL) menerima artikel hasil-hasil penelitian dan pemikiran dalam Hukum Perdata Dagang dan Hukum Bisnis. JPCL menerima tulisan dalam dua bahasa, yaitu Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. JPCL terbit 2 (dua) kali dalam setahun pada bulan Mei dan Nopember. Jurnal ini diterbitkan oleh Bagian Perdata Dagang Fakultas Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang
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Articles 134 Documents
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Consumer Protection Law: The Case Study Of Grabtoko Company In Indonesian E-Commerce Transactions Tjipto, Felix Pratama; Ong, Jason Pratama; Sulistio, Marshal Ramadhan; Harnowo, Tri
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 5, No 2 (2021): November
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v5i2.32161

Abstract

ABSTRACTTechnology innovation is steadily increasing its capacity in helping human activities, one of which is through digital transactions. The increased use of technology, however, could potentially create legal loopholes which may violate consumer’s rights in online transactions like the recently happened GrabToko case. This journal shall discuss and provide normative approach analysis in Indonesian customer protection law, with the reference of previous articles, seeing the increasing usage of digital transactions. This journal aims to provide an explanationregarding the advantages and the disadvantages of existing regulations and what needs to be improved related to frauds in the case of GrabToko. Furthermore, it will also be discussed about the legal responsibility of the consumer dispute settlement organizations. The results of this paper shows that there are still needs of improvements since the system has its own advantages and disadvantages, especially regarding fraud and administration systems that need to be updated in corresponding law and the development in the aspect consumer protection law.Keywords: consumer protection law; consumer; rights; transaction; regulation; consumer dispute settlementINTISARIInovasi teknologi terus meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam membantu aktivitas manusia, salah satunya melalui transaksi digital. Namun, peningkatan penggunaan teknologi berpotensi menciptakan celah hukum yang berpotensi melanggar hak konsumen dalam bertransaksi online seperti kasus GrabToko yang baru-baru ini terjadi. Jurnal ini akan membahas dan memberikan analisis pendekatan normatif dalam hukum perlindungan nasabah Indonesia, dengan mengacu pada artikel sebelumnya, melihat penggunaan transaksi digital yang semakin meningkat. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan mengenai kelebihan dan kekurangan regulasi yang ada serta apa saja yang perlu ditingkatkan terkait fraud pada kasus GrabToko. Selanjutnya juga akan dibahas tentang tanggung jawab hukum dari organisasi penyelesaian sengketa konsumen. Hasil dari makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat kebutuhan perbaikan karena sistem tersebut memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan, terutama terkait dengan sistem penipuan dan administrasi yang perlu diperbarui sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan dan perkembangan dalam aspek hukum perlindungan konsumen.Kata Kunci: hukum perlindungan konsumen; konsumen; hak; transaksi; regulasi; penyelesaian sengketa konsumen.
Legal Uncertainty Regarding Abuse of Authority That is Harming State Finance in Indonesia Sukmaningtyas, Judith; Sa’adah, Nabitatus
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 5, No 2 (2021): November
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v5i2.32777

Abstract

This study aims to discuss issues regarding the legal certainty of criminal acts of abuse of authority and problems regarding the return of state financial losses in handling corruption cases in Indonesia. To examine these problems, a normative juridical research method was used using secondary legal data consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the handling of cases of Corruption Crimes cannot be separated from the influences of the bureaucracy and political factors, both from the legal provisions that govern it and from unscrupulous government officials with strategic positions in the Government who are perpetrators of abuse of authority that is detrimental to finances. country. However, there is a discrepancy in the regulation regarding abuse of authority in the Law on government administration and the Law on criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia, especially in terms of recovering state financial losses.
Job Creation Law In Proving Ease Of Doing Business In Investment Companies That Conduct Business Activities In Territory Of Indigenous Peoples
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.35315

Abstract

The Job Creation Law was formed using the omnibus law method to achieve its goals to make changes to various laws and regulations equivalent to it to achieve the Law's goals. Unfortunately, there are problems in regulations that cause Indigenous Peoples and their traditional rights to become unprotected, causing legal uncertainty for investment companies that are reluctant to carry out their business activities in Indigenous Peoples territory. This can hamper the realization of the ease of doing business that the Job Creation Law intends to achieve. Therefore, the Job Creation Law should review the regulations regarding investment companies' activities that carry out their activities in Indigenous Peoples. The research method used is the normative juridical which emphasizes in secondary data method aiming to look for the role of the Job Creation Law to provide legal protection for Indigenous Peoples while providing legal certainty and doing business to investors who carry out business activities in Indigenous Peoples territory. To provide business convenience for these companies and protect Indigenous Peoples traditional rights, the Job Creation Law should change the provisions in the Village Law.
Legal Perspective: The Role of Infrastructure Guarantee Institution in Infrastructure Project Provision Through Public-Private Partnership Scheme
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.35558

Abstract

Infrastructure development is a strategic step for Indonesia to accelerate national development and economic equality. One of the efforts to attract investment is a partnership between the Government and Business Entities in the infrastructure provision. The large source of funding is one of the obstacles in infrastructure development and to overcome the funding gap in infrastructure development, a new financing scheme is used that involved new partners (private, non-profit organization, or the community) to participate in infrastructure financing and project implementation. The involvement of the Business Entity in infrastructure financing is carried out with the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme. One of the Government's contributions to PPP is to provide Government Guarantees through Indonesia Infrastructure Guarantee Fund (IIGF). This study aims to examine the role of IIGF in the Public and how it functions to encourage the acceleration of infrastructure development. This study utilizes a normative juridical research method with a specification of descriptive-analytical. Results indicate that: from a legal perspective, IIGF is an institution that provides a guarantee for losses due to political risks such as changes in regulations, delays or failures of financial close, as well as failures in granting licenses and approvals. As an institution that provides a guarantee, IIGF is a development of a corporate guarantee whose legal basis uses the concept of a Recourse Agreement according to Civil Code but its implementation regulated in separate statutory regulations. IIGF performs a guarantee function and adds value to infrastructure development that has the greatest impact on the benefit of the people of Indonesia; protects the interests of the government in fulfilling infrastructure development through transparent and accountable processes; and increases investor trust by providing investment convenience and payment certainty for claims of risk of loss for a collaborative infrastructure project. 
The Comparison Of Arbitration Dispute Resolution Process Between Indonesian National Arbitration Board (BANI) And London Court Of International Arbitration (LCIA)
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.30265

Abstract

Arbitration is a way of resolving a civil dispute outside the general court based on an arbitration agreement made in writing by the disputing parties. Each country has a different settlement process. In Indonesia arbitration is based on Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. The Indonesian National Arbitration Board (BANI) is an agency established by the Indonesian government for law enforcement in Indonesia in resolving disputes or differences of opinion that occur in various trade, industrial and financial sectors. Likewise in Indonesia, in England there is also an Arbitration Board called LCIA which is one of the oldest arbitration institutions in the world and has resolved 303 cases annually. This agency acts autonomously and independently in upholding law and justice. The purpose of this research is to determine the differences in the dispute resolution process through arbitration in Indonesia and the UK. The research method used in this article is normative legal research and through a literature study approach with secondary assessment of legal materials and juridical data analysis. The results prove that the process and procedures for dispute resolution at the LCIA institution are different from the BANI institution in the process and procedures. as well as the legal basis used in resolving the parties' business disputes.
The Dark Side of Cultural Heritage Protection
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.34332

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis article introduces the concept of the dark side of cultural heritage protection. The existence of strict legal protection with burdensome sanctions is expected to provide a sense of security for a country to protect its cultural heritage from threats from other countries or communities. However, it is an unavoidable fact that the efforts of a country that wants to protect its culture lead to conflict and the threat of war between countries. This article shows how many and most of the excessive efforts of an organization to protect cultural heritage from the dangers of war and conflict contribute and have the potential to make cultural heritage vulnerable or even lead to its destruction. The more we talk about cultural heritage and the values it contains and the importance of protecting it, the more attractive it becomes for some groups, organizations, and even countries to target it because it has extraordinary cultural values. For some, efforts to protect and save cultural heritage have been considered as part of the war against terrorism. They destroy a cultural heritage on purpose to kill profitable tourism. This causes the owner community to lose their rights and even leads to revenge until a war occurs between communities, organizations, or countries. Art and culture have moved to the forefront of war, both as additional damage and direct targets for belligerents who use cultural destruction as a means to encourage more violence, hatred, and revenge. This article argues that states, international organizations, and cultural heritage communities need to recognize these negative side effects and make sure to consider them in future action. Keywords: Conflict; Cultural Heritage; The Dark Side; Legal Protection
The Urgency Of The Organization And Legitimacy Of The Digitalization Of The General Meetings Of Shareholders Of The Limited Liability Company During The Covid-19 Time In Review Of The Ius Constitutum
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.36443

Abstract

Limited Liability Company is a legal entity of capital partnership that is engaged in business with authorized capital which is fully divided through shares. The purpose of a limited liability company is to run a business with capital divided into shares in which the shareholders have a stake in carrying out legal actions without being responsible for themselves regarding agreements in the company. One of the organs in a limited liability company that also has an important role is the General Meeting of Shareholders. Oftentimes, the General Meeting of Shareholders is crowned as the most vital organ of a limited liability company because it has the authority that other limited company organs do not have, such as the Board of Directors and the Board of Commissioners. The rapid development of Covid-19 has hampered the holding of the GMS which was previously carried out in person but has now become virtual via teleconference media due to the physical distancing policy. Article 77 Paragraph 1 of Law Number 40 of the Year 2007 and POJK Number 16/POJK.04/2020 is a breakthrough to accommodate the online General Meeting of Shareholders of Limited Liability Companies. Based on this description, this research is aimed at knowing and analyzing the new arrangements for the General Meeting of Shareholders in Limited Liability Companies, especially in its implementation after Covid-19 hit Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical law research, namely by collecting secondary legal data consisting of secondary and primary legal materials. Data collection techniques are carried out by studying facts, documents, and books related to the problems studied. The implementation of the digitization of the GMS can generally be carried out either through teleconference media, video conferences, or other electronic media that allows all participants to interact and participate efficiently in meetings.
The Function of Commissioner Based on the Principles of Good Corporate Governance
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Journal of Private and Commercial Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v6i1.36356

Abstract

The organs and functions of a limited liability company are controlled by Company Law No. 40 of 2007 Governing Limited Liability Companies (UU PT). The tasks of executing and supervising have been distinguished. The board of directors is in charge of the company's day-to-day operations, while the board of commissioners oversees the board of directors. In reality, however, the board of commissioners participates in the board of director activities or performs board of director tasks. This study aims to analyze the functions of commissioners and how they should be carried out in compliance with the laws and regulations governing corporate governance. Primary, secondary, and additional data are used in this study. The study found that the board of commissioners' role should be based on the Limited Liability Company Act. The board of commissioners serves as the board of directors' supervisor. Because shareholders also serve on the board of commissioners, the board of commissioners is involved in the operation of the board of directors. The Board of Commissioners' involvement in the Board of Directors' activities must be severely limited by the Board of Directors. If it turns out that the commissioners' activities are detrimental to the shareholders, the Board of Directors can bring this to a general meeting of shareholders and hold them accountable.
KONSTRUKSI PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN JASA PENGOBATAN ALTERNATIF (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA SEMARANG)
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 1, No 1 (2017): November
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v1i1.12356

Abstract

Semakin berkembangnya jenis penyakit, penyembuhan secara medis yang tidakselalu menjanjikan kesembuhan dan mengandung resiko, serta keinginanmasyarakat untuk dapat sembuh dari penyakitnya secara instan mendorongsemakin menjamurnya praktek-praktek jasa pengobatan alternatif di masyarakattermasuk di Kota Semarang. Cara pengobatan dan obat yang digunakan dalamjasa pengobatan alternatif sangat berfariasi dan sering tidak bisa diukurberdasarkan standar-standar medis bahkan banyak yang bersifat “klenik”. Banyakkasus menunjukkan jaminan kesembuhan dan garansi bila terjadi hal-hal yanglebih parah bahkan kematian masih jarang diberikan atau ditemukan dalampraktek jasa pengobatan alternatif, bahkan beberapa muncul sebagai kasus pidanapenipuan. Tulisan membahas tentang pengaturan Jasa Pengobatan Alternatif diKota Semarang dan bentuk perlindungan konsumen jasa pengobatan alternatif diKota Semarang serta tanggung jawab pelaku usaha jasa pengobatan alternatifterhadap konsumennya.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe yuridis-sosiologis.maka pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statuteapproach), pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasusTeknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah (1) wawancara, (2) observasi,(3)dokumentasi dan (4) tinjauan pustaka. Analisis menggunakan analisiskualitatif.Pengaturan pengobatan alternatif di Kota Semarang didasarkan kepadaperaturan perundangan yang ada, tetapi belum diterapkan secara komprehensif.Bentuk perlindungan kepada konsumen dilakukan secara preventif dan represifbekerjasama antara Dinkes Kota Semarang dengan IKNI, LSM, dan penegakhukum. Ada tiga pola tanggungjawab yang muncul dari pelaku usaha pengobatanalternatif terhadap konsumen, yaitu tanggungjawab etis, tidak bisa memberikanganti kerugian, dan sengaja tidak mau bertanggungjawab. (4)KontruksiPerlindungan Konsumen berbasis pembinaan dan pengawasan kepada pelakuusaha agar menjadi dapat diukur, jelas, profesional dan dapatdipertanggungjawabkan sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagimasyarakat sebagai konsumen dengan pelayanan kesehatan yang aman,bermanfaat dan ilmiah.
Responsibilities of Complementary Allies in The Commanditaire Vennootschap (CV) Business Enity ENTITY
Journal of Private and Commercial Law Vol 4, No 2 (2020): November
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpcl.v4i2.26400

Abstract

The focus of this research is the Responsibility of Complementary Allies in the Commanditaire Vennootschap (CV) Business Entity. This study aims to determine the responsibilities of complementary allies if the Commanditaire Vennootschap (CV) goes bankrupt, and to find out the responsibilities of complementary allies in the agreement made if the Commanditaire Vennootschap (CV) fails. This study uses a normative juridical research method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach using primary and secondary legal materials related to the research focus, then it is analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The result of this research is that if the CV is declared bankrupt, all of CV's assets are collateral for the settlement of CV's debt. Personal assets of complementary partners can be accounted for to pay off all debts of the CV. If the CV is in default, the one who must be responsible is complementary allies. This responsibility is in the form of compensation to creditors as a consequence of default by CV to private assets of limited partnership because the CV is not a legal entity that has separate characteristics of its assets from its management.

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