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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue " Vol 4, No 2 (2008)" : 6 Documents clear
PERBANDINGAN KARAKTERISTIK PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO DAN TANITO HARUM SEBAGAI EFEK KERJA KATALIS LOGAM TRANSISI Hanif, Muhammad; Adiarso, Adiarso
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Characterization of two oil derived from Indonesian lower-rank coals from SouthBanko (SB) and Tanito Harum (TH) were carried out after liquefied in thepresence of nickel/molybdenum (Ni/Mo) and cobalt/ molybdenum (Co/Mo)catalysts without added solvent. Both coals treated with Ni/Mo have highconversion than those treated with Co/Mo when reacted with hydrogen withinitial pressure of 6MPa at 400oC for 30 minutes. However, with sulfur (CS2)added, the difference between Ni/Mo and Co/Mo catalysts for conversion of bothcoals is eliminated. SB-coal exhibits better conversion than that of Ni/Mo orCo/Mo-treated TH-coal. This probably due to the structure of TH coal is morecondensed and stronger than that of SB coal. The effect of single metal (Ni, Coor Mo separately) could explain the different conversion between Ni/Mo andCo/Mo with and without sulfur and also the difference between SB and TH whenthey reacted with Ni/Mo and Co/Mo with and without added sulfur. The order ofeffectiveness for SB, when it reacted in the absence of sulfur, was decreasedfrom Ni>Mo>Co. But the order was shifted to Mo>>Ni>Co. The similar order wasalso found for TH coal under the same conditions. The study also shows thatreactivity of SB coal was higher than that of TH coal. This results in better yield offuels. Fortunately, the TH coal is still potentially developed for introducing theefficient process of sub bituminous coal liquefaction in Indonesia.Kata Kunci: coal liquefaction, katalis Ni/Mo, Banko, Tanito Harum
FEASIBILITY STUDY ON COAL LIQUEFACTION PROJECT IN KALIMANTAN Hartiniati, Hartiniati; Hanif, Muhammad; Tamura, Masaki; Yanai, Shunichi; Shigehisa, Takuo
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Tulisan ini secara ringkas nejelaskan studi kelayakan pabrik pencairan batubaraperingkat rendah yang berlokasi di dekat pantai Kalimantan Selatan (coastalCase) sebagai alternatif lokasi dari studi kelayakan yang sebelumnya dilaksanaanuntuk lokasi pedalaman di Banko, Sumatera Selatan (inland case). Tujuan utamastudi ini, pertama untuk menginvestigasi efek lokasi pabrik terhadap keekonomianproyek, dan kedua untuk mengidentifikasi poetnsi kelayakan proyek pencairanbatubara pabrik pabrik komersial pionir di Indonesia. Didandingkan dengan aksuspedalaman, lokasi dekat pantai mempunyai keunggulan dari segi penghematanbiaya konstruksi dan biaya transportasi sampai dengan 10%. Analisis finansialdengan metode DCF telah memberikan hasil yang menjanjikan bahwa pabrikpionir kapasitas 12.000 ton per hari sudah dapat memproduksi bahan bakarminyak bersih dari batubara bersih tahun 2011, pada tingkat harga US$ 23.3/bbl(FOB, Berau Lati) and US$ 26.1/bbl (FOB, Mulia Satui) dengan harga aktual(COE=1.0). Pabrik pinoir dengan kapasitas kecil (3.000 tob per hari) masih dinilailayak dengan insentif berupa harga batubar alebih rendah, bunga pinjaman llunakdan lainnya.Keywords: banko coal, mulia satui, berau lati, metode DCF, pencairan batubara
EFISIENSI ENERGI TERMAL SISTEM BOILER DI INDUSTRI Hasan, Achmad
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Energy efficiency is one way to plan for optimizing the supply and use of energyneeded by the industry. Supplies of gas / diesel fuel oil for boiler feed of 1.4537million m3 per year with a calorific value of 6 tons / hour and 900 liters of diesel oilper year. Thermal energy used in the production process in industry (in case:PT.Classic Prima Carpet Industries) divided into thermal energy in the form of hotwater vapor (steam) and the other in the form of natural gas. Energy is producedfrom 2 (two) units of gas boilers and steam boilers each with a capacity of 6 tons/ hour, in which the steam boiler in a state of stand-by and operated only whenproduction increases.Kata kunci: energi, efisiensi, termal, boiler, penghematan, konversi, konservasi
UPGRADING KATALITIK DISTILAT MINYAK BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN DENGAN KATALIS NiMo SULFIDA Murti, Sri Djangkung Sumbogo; Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

Catalytic hydrotreatment of South Banko coal liquid (SBCL) middle distillate (b.p.300 – 420 oC) was performed over NiMo sulfides catalysts. The hydrotreatmentwas conducted in an autoclave of 50 ml capacity under the conditions of 340 –420 oC, 60 and 120 min and initial hydrogen pressure of 5 – 10 MPa. Thehydrotreatment reduced the contents of all heteroatom species (S, N and O).Sulfur species were easiest to be removed, while nitrogen species were mostrefractory. Reactivities of some representative heteroatom species weremeasured to find the refractory species in coal liquid by GC-AED. Carbonsupported catalyst was compared to alumina supported one confirming its higheractivity for hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation.Kata kunci: coal liquid, middle distillate, Katalis NiMo, hydrotreatment,heteroatom, GC-AED, hidrodesulfurisasi, hidrodeoksigenasi,hidrodenitrogenasi
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR DAN WAKTU REAKSI PADA KONVERSI KATALITIK RESIDU MINYAK BUMI Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

A hydroconversion catalytic process of Indonesian petroleum residue from Plaju(UP IV) refinery plant was investigated. A series of liquefaction tests using a 1liter stirred batch autoclave reactor under reference condition e.i.: initial hydrogenpressure of 12 MPa and 2.0 of atomic ratio of sulfur to iron were conducted. Theinfluence of the temperature of 430,450,470oC and the reaction time of 30,60,90minute was used and compare the yield structure of each run. It was found thatthe oil yield and gases CO, CO2 and hydrocarbon yield increased significantly bythe increasing of the temperature reaction and holding time. While, the liquidbottom yield had a tendency to decrease which reversely to the oil yield. It alsoappeared that hydrogen consumption would tend to increase with increasing oilyield, leading to the more efficiently use of gaseous hydrogen. As a result, thehydroconversion catalytic process could be applied to upgrade petroleum residuewhich indicated by increasing oil yield in mild condition.Kata Kunci: hidrokonversi katalitik, residu minyak bumi
PEMANFAATAN RESIDU KILANG MINYAK PLAJU SEBAGAI PELARUT PADA PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA (Co-Processing) Rasyid, Muhamad Hanif; Hidayat, Herman
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol 4, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)

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Abstract

This study presents the investigation on the reactivity of vacuum oil residue(VOR) as solvent in Banko coal liquefaction, so called “Co-processing”. Processsolvent derived from BSU tests is used as reference solvent in this study. Theliquefaction tests are carried out using a gas-flow type autoclave (5L) with 200gcoal (daf), 400g of coal-derived solvent (b.p.300-420 oC), 1.0-3.0 wt% daf as Feof catalyst and elemental sulfur (S/Fe atomic ratio of 2.0) at 14.7MPa, 450oC for60min under a constant gas flow of H2-0.5%H2S. The study suggests that VORas solvent is much more reactive than process solvent under the same condition.Therefore the co-processing gives higher oil yield than coal liquefaction usingprocess solvent derived from BSU tests. It also produces lower CLB, CO+CO2and hydrocarbons yields. This indicates that there is a synergism effect betweenthe VOR as a donor solvent and the coal. The molecular structure of VOR at thefirst time was decomposed into molecular fragments. These fragments were thenattached onto the coal’s structure and lead to decompose the structure of thecoal. It was also found that co-processing consumed less hydrogen gas thanreference liquefaction process. In short, this finding obtained in this study cangive promising sight for implementing the coal liquefaction plant in Indonesia at acommercial scale.Kata kunci: vacuum oil residue, Banko, liquefaction, co-processing reactive,synergism effect

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