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INDONESIA
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 02169541     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Energy
Enerlink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan 2 kali setahun oleh Pusat Teknologi Pengembangan Sumberdaya Energi dan Industri Kimia BPPT di bidang energi dan lingkungan. Enerlink is a scientific journal that publishes twice annually by Centre of Energy Technology and Chemical Industry of BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)" : 6 Documents clear
KAJIAN TEKNOLOGI IMPROVED BCL UNTUK MEMPODUKSI BBM SINTETIS Lambok Hilarius Silalahi
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4216

Abstract

An overview of Coal Liquefaction technology, so called Improved Brown Coal Liquefaction or Improved BCL process is discussed. The improved BCL process is actually the most effective process to obtain high oil yield compared with other coal liquefaction processes and well suited to most Indonesian coal. The process has been confirmed with Banko coal taken from Tanjung Enim, Sumatra and the process design as well as the conceptual design for feasibility study has been made. In this paper, an overview of features of the improved BCL process is introduced along with the typical result of coal liquefaction test. Moreover, a description of Hycol process, to gasify brown coal efficiently to produce hydrogen gas is discussed. This process has been demonstrated in a 150 t/d demo plant in Japan to confirm the engineering performance as well as the thermal efficiency. Finally the result of economic viability is presented to calculate the overall cost including pipeline cost and transportation cost of the equipment.Kata kunci: Improved BCL process, coal liquefaction technology, Indonesian coal
TEKNIK PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN DARI PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA Soleh Soleh; Nevi Fatimah
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4217

Abstract

Until now the reputation of fosil fuel, especially coal, indeed very bad if being connected with the problem of pollution of the environment. This happened because of the chemical chacarteristic of coal that had high aromatic level (fa) and particulate, heavy metals etc. However, the huge of coal reserved in Indonesia, especially low rank coal (lignite, triggered researches on the utilisation of these resources, in part through liquefaction technology of coal to produce synthetic fuel oil. Studied the potential for pollution of the process for the liquefaction of coal and its control technique, is one aspect to investigate in the commercialization coal liquefaction plant. The study of the environment towards the impact of pollution of the liquefaction process showed that pollution produced still under the threshold. Nevertheless when this technology was applied as commercial plant, the study of environmental impact is still needed.Kata kunci: Pengendalian pencemaran, pencairan batubara, teknik pengendalian
APLIKASI CIRCULATING FLUIDISED BED (CFB) UNTUK PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI PEMBAKARAN R. Herry Supriyanto
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4218

Abstract

Currently, the circulating fluifized bed combustion (CFBC) technology for coal combustion remains developed for its advantages such as flexibility against coal quality, high combustion efficiency and relatively lower SO2 and NOx emission. This article discusses the results of a study upon the influence of operational parameter toward combustion efficiency and SO2 and NOx emission on a 100kW CFBC unit. Operational parameters examined include temperature, air excess, secondary air and speed of superficial gas. Results obtained shows that the tested operational parameters were effectively affects the combustion efficiency and SO2 and NOx emission.Kata kunci: Gasifier, circulating, katalis
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PENAMBANGAN NIKEL SOROAKO (OVERBURDEN) SEBAGAI PREKURSOR KATALIS PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA Adiarso Adiarso; Muhammad Hanif
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4219

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that limonit ore has several outstanding characteristics compared to pyrite when used as catalyst in coal liquefaction process. One of the reasons is, that limonit ore contains α-FeOOH compound, which is responsible for the high activity. This study is aimed to investigate the catalyst performance of Soroako limonit ore using a 1-liter autoclave in comparison with other catalyst for liquefaction. The investigation suggested that pyrrhotite, the active phase that transformed from FeOOH occurred at low temperature, meaning that the availability of this phase before the thermal decomposition of coal takes place is responsible for its high activity. Moreover, from its physical property point of view, Soroako limonit has superior nature in that, it is rather soft that pyrite, making the pulverization into sub-micron sizes possible. These all properties suggest that Soroako limonit becomes the important candidate catalyst for industrialization of direct coal liquefaction.Kata kunci: Liquefaction, limonit, catalyst, hydrogenation, catalytic, coal, Soroako
EVALUASI KINERJA PEMBANGKIT HIDROGEN SUBSTITUSI LNG REFORMER UNTUK PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO Danu Sumitro; Dhani Avianto Sugeng
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4220

Abstract

Three entrained gasification processes have been investigated to produce hydrogen for direct liquefaction of Banko coal and compared with steam reforming of natural gas. They are Texaco gasification (USA), Prenflo process (Germany) and Hycol process(Japan). Despite some similarities, those gasification technologies also have some differences in their coal feed systems.The slurry feed system is adopted in the Texaco process, while Prenflo and Hycol processes are using dry feed system. Economic assessment shows that in the case of hydrogen generation from natural gas, hydrotreated liquefied oil of 125,000 bbl/d can be produced from 32,810 ton/d Banko coal (dry basis) and 7.2x106Nm3/d natural gas. In case of hydrogen generation from coal, coal consumption will increase by 19,600 ton/d and no natural gas is required. Besides the hydrotreated liquefied oil increases up to 7,800 bbl/d to become 133,400 bbl/d, the process also produces 1,520 ton/d gas fuel to be sold. In terms of energy efficiency, there is a production decline of 65.7% in case of hydrogen generation through gasification compared to steam reforming (68.0%).Kata kunci: Direct liquefaction, banko coal, hydrogen generation, gasification
LIQUEFACTION OF BANKO COAL WITH LIMONITE CATALYST Hartiniati Hartiniati; Muhammad Hanif; Takao Kaneko
Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/elk.v1i2.4221

Abstract

Pengaruh karakteristik batubara terhadap yield produk pencairan batubara telah diinvestigasi menggunakan sampel batubara peringkat rendah dari SUamtera Selatan dan Kalimantan. Pengujian pencairan dilaksanakan menggunakan gas- flow type autoclave (5L) dengan umpan sampel batubara 200g (daf), 400g pelarut turunan (b.p.300-420 oC), 1.0-3.0 wt% daf katalis Fe and elemen sulfur (rasio atom S/Fe 2.0) pada tekanan 14.7MPa, 450oC untuk selama 60min dengan aliran gas H2 konstan (0.5%H2S) .Ditemukan bahwa yield minyak meningkat dengan peningkatan rasio atom H/C dari batubara, tetapi pengaruh karakateristik batubara terhadap pencairan sangat rumit. Studi ini menunjukkan limoni Soroako (MGL) mempunyai aktifitas pencairan lebih tinggi dibandingkan katalis limonit synthetic -FeOOH dan Yandi Yellow (YY) karena transformasinya menjadi pyrrhotite (Fe1-XS) Kristal berukuran kecil melalui penambahan elemen sulphur. Namun, ukuran kristal pyrrhotite dari katalis Soroako bertambah dengan mudah dibandingkan kristal dari katalis YY denganr esikel, menghasilkan yieldminyak yang sama melalui penambahan CLB. Yield minyak pencairan batubara Banko mencapai 66.7wt%daf pada ondisi operasi suhu 450oC selama 60min dengan katalis Soroako 1wt%daf sebagai Fe dan 100wt%daf penambahan CLB. Pada proses upgrading produk pencairan, kebanyakan senyawa nitrogen dan sulfur di dalam minyak berhasil dihilangkan melalui proses two-stage hydrotreatment, sehingga terajdi perbaikan stabilitas selama penyimpanan dan mutu produk. Bilangan oktan (RON) minyak ringan dari batubara (75,8) sedikit lebih tinggi dari minyak petroleum (65-70) sedangkan smoke point kerosene lebih rendah (14mm) dibandingan standard petroleum berkaitan erat dengan komposisi minyak yang kaya aromatis.Kata kunci: Soroako, Yandi Yellow, pyrrhotite, hydrotreatment

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