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INDONESIA
KALPATARU
Published by Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
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Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)" : 7 Documents clear
Perface Kalpataru Volume 21, nomor 2, tahun 2012 Redaksi Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

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Abstract

Nekara, Moko, dan Jati Diri Alor. Truman Simanjuntak; Retno Handini; Dwi Yani Yuniawati
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.112

Abstract

Moko merupakan benda unik yang memegang peran penting dalam kehidupan sosial-budaya masyarakat Alor. Menariknya, walaupun benda ini tidak diproduksi di Alor, tetapi tetap dipertahankan secara turun-temurun, tidak sebatas benda pusaka tetapi juga sebagai lambang atau status sosial, mas kawin (belis), alat tukar, alat musik, alat-alat upacara dalam kematian, pendirian rumah, pesta panen, perkawinan, dll. Bahkan konon dahulu, moko memiliki fungsi yang jauh lebih kompleks. Selain sebagai pengganti nyawa manusia yang dibunuh atau karena kecelakaan, moko berfungsi sebagai benda religius-magis yang dapat memberi kemakmuran, keberhasilan bagi keluarga, merusak panen bagi yang melanggar ketentuan adat, termasuk sebagai alat untuk menyelesaikan masalah sosial secara adat. Singkatnya moko telah menempati peran yang sangat penting dalam berbagai kisi kehidupan masyarakat Alor sejak ratusan, bahkan ribuan tahun yang lalu. Benda yang merupakan substitusi nekara ini menjadi jati diri Masyarakat Alor. Oleh sebab itu penggalian, pelestarian, dan aktualisasi nilai-nilai intrinsik dan ekstrinsiknya menjadi sangat penting bagi penguatan jati diri lokal dalam pengembangan jati diri kebangsaan yang berlandaskan kebhinnekaan. Abstract. Kettledrums, Moko, and Self Identity of Alor. Moko is a unique type of objects that plays an important role in the socio-cultural life of Alor people. Interestingly, although mokos were not produced in Alor, they are being kept from generation to generation, not only as heirloom but also as a symbol of social status, dowry, currency, musical instrument, or instrument in rituals (in the events of death, house-building, harvest, marriage, etc.). In fact, moko used to have far more complex function in the past. Aside from being a substitute of the soul of people who was killed or died in accident, mokos were also functioned as religious-magic objects that can provide prosperity, success in families, destroy harvest if a traditional custom was violated, as well as a tool to traditionally-solved social problems. In short, mokos have played an important role in various aspects of life among the Alor people since hundreds or even thousands of years ago. The object, which was a substitute for kettledrum, is the identity of the Alor people. Therefore research, preservation, and actualization of its intrinsic and extrinsic values are very important to strengthen local identity in the attempt to develop national identity based on diversity.
Pengembangan Kawasan dan Kepariwisataan Situs Kompleks Percandian Bumiayu. Bambang Budi Utomo
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.115

Abstract

Situs Kompleks Percandian Bumiayu yang terletak di Desa Bumiayu, Kecamatan Tanah Abang, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Sumatra Selatan. Kompleks Percandian bercirikan agama Hindu ini yang sangat luas tidak mungkin diteliti tanpa perencanaan penelitian yang matang. Selain itu Pemanfaatan Situs Bumiayu untuk kepentingan agama, sosial, parawisata, pendidikan, ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, dan kebudayaan harus mengikuti kaidah-kaidah dan rambu-rambu yang berlaku. Abstract. Bumiayu Temple Complex Site is located at Bumiayu Village, Tanah Abang District, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. The very vast temple complex with Hindu characteristics is impossible to be investigated without careful research plan. Furthermore, utilization of Bumiayu site for religious, social, tourism, education, science, technology, and cultural purposes must comply with proper rules and guidelines.
Vulkano-Historis Kelud: Dinamika Hubungan Manusia – Gunung Api. M Dwi Cahyono
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.117

Abstract

Gunung Kelud adalah satu diantara dua gunung berapi di Jawa Timur yang terbilang paling aktif – selain Gunung Semeru. Aktifitas vulkaniknya berdampak luas. Bukan hanya menimpa wilayah di Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar serta Kabupaten Kediri, namun secara tidak langsung berdampak terhadap daerah-daerah lain di sekitarnya. Pada era kemonarkhian Jawa masa Hindu-Buddha, dampaknya menimpai sebagian wilayah kerajaan-kerajaan di Jawa, sejak masa Kadiri hingga Majapahit. Oleh karena itu, semenjak lampau itu pula telah dilakukan ragam upaya mitigasi terhadap dampak vulkanik Kelud. Sesuai dengan religiositas pada jamannya, salah satu bentuk mitigatif itu adalah religio-mitigatif, yakni mitigasi bencana vulkanik secara religio-magis. Tinjauan “vulkano-historis” dan “antropo-ekologis” terhadap peristiwa vulkanik Kelud lintas masa dengan mendayagunakan sumber data tekstual (epigrafis dan filologis), arkeologis maupun paleo-ekologis bukan tidak mungkin mampu menyingkap: bukan saja misteri kegunungapian Kelud, namun sekaligus alternasi-alternasi upaya mitigasi terhadap kemurkaannya. Setidaknya, tersingkap. konsepsi tentang dinamika relasional antara manusia dan gunung api dalam konteks budaya arkhais di Jawa. Hal serupa bukan tidak mungkin berlaku pada gunung-gunung api lain dalam kurun waktu yang sejaman. Abstract. Kelud is one of the most active volcanoes in East Java, aside from Mount Semeru. Its volcanic activities are widespread and not only affect the areas in the City and Regency of Blitar and the Regency of Kediri, but in some way also have impact in other areas within the vicinity. During the era of Hindu-Buddhist monarchies in Java, the activities had impact on parts of several kingdoms in Java since the Kadiri to Majapahit periods. Therefore since the period there were various efforts to mitigate the impact of Mount Kelud’s volcanic activities. In accordance with the religiosity of its time, one of the mitigation efforts was religio-mitigation, which is volcanic disaster mitigation using religio-magical action. It is viable that this overview on the “volcano-historic” and “anthropo-ecologic” studies on the volcanic activities of Mount Kelud along the period using textual (epigraphic and philological), archaeological, and paleo-ecological data can reveal not only the mystery of the volcanic aspect of Mount Kelud but also the alternations of mitigation efforts to deal with its eruptions. At least it is hoped that it will reveal the concepts of relational dynamics between humans and volcanoes in the context of archaic culture in Java. It is not unlikely that such study can be applied to other volcanoes in similar period.
Aktualisasi Hasil Penelitian Arkeologi di Maluku Refleksi Arkeologi Maluku Tentang Pluralisme, Integrasi Sosial, Demokrasi, Dan Kedaulatan Bangsa. Wuri Handoko
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.119

Abstract

Ada pelajaran berharga untuk bangsa ini tentang pemahaman atas pluralisme, demokrasidan integritas kebangsaan yang sesungguhnya menjadi identitas nasional bangsa kita. Fenomena kebudayaan masa lampau yang dapat kita jamah melalui bukti-bukti tinggalan arkeologi, nilainilaifilofosis dan budaya yang telah kita interpretasikan sesungguhnya mampu menjadi jembatan reintegrasi sosial sebagai bagian dalam membangun kedaulatan bangsa. Maluku, sebagai wilayah yang masyarakatnya majemuk dan pernah memiliki pengalaman pahit konflik sosial, adalah wilayah dengan potensi arkeologi yang berlimpah, dan dari yang berlimpah itu masih sebagian kecil saja yang sudah terungkap. Dari kecilnya data arkeologi yang terungkap, ternyata meyimpan makna dan nilai-nilai humanisme, pluralisme, demokrasi, yang telah berurat berakar yang bisa menjadi media membangun kemanusiaan yang lebih beradab, perdamaian, toleransi, persaudaraan, yang meskipun sempat tercerabut, tidak sampai merusak akarnya, yang jika ditanam kembali dengan baik, mampu bertumbuh dan berkembang sebagai modal membangun peradaban bangsa yang lebih maju dan bermartabat. Abstract. There is a valuable lesson for this nation about the understanding of pluralism, democracy, and national integrity, which are actually the national characteristics of our nation. The phenomenon of past culture that we can obtain through archaeological evidences, philosophical and cultural values that we have interpreted can serve as the bridge of social re-integration as part of our effort to build national sovereignty. The Moluccas, as an area with multi-dimensional communities and has unfortunately experienced social conflicts, is an area with abundant archaeological potencies. Out of the abundant potencies, only a small part has been revealed, and it contains meanings and values of humanism, pluralism, and democracy, which are deeply rooted and can be used as the media to build more civilized humanity, peace, tolerance, and brotherhood, which had been once destroyed although not entirely perished and if we rebuild them they will grow and flourish as the base to establish more advanced and dignified national civilization.
Kajian Artistik Lidah Api Kemerdekaan di Tugu Nasional atau Monumen Nasional. Yuke Ardhiati
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v21i2.140

Abstract

Lidah Api Kemerdekaan sebagai simbol dinamis ’api’ adalah ekspresi Kebesaran Bangsa Indonesia gagasan Presiden Soekarno menjadi mahkota Tugu Nasional atau Monumen Nasional. Kehadirannya bukan saja sebagai simbol estetis semata, agar tampak indah dari semua sudut pandang, tetapi juga berperan sebagai pelindung ruang lift di Puncak Tugu. Kedudukannya di atas ketinggian 115 m dari permukaan tanah menyebabkan kesulitan dalam cara penggambaran serta pemugaran. Berdasar penelitian, diketahui kondisi Api Kemerdekaan yang telah mengalami degradasi/kerusakan pada lapisan goldleaf di permukaan dasar Lidah Api. Dengan demikian diperlukan pemikiran-pemikiran ke depan untuk menemukan strategi konservasi bagi kelestarian Lidah Api Kemerdekaan tersebut. Selain itu ditemukan kesulitan cara pendokumentasian artefak karena lokasi tapak berdirinya Lidah Api tidak memungkinkan Lidah Api disaksikan secara frontal. Di dalam dokumen pribadi Arsitek Soedarsono (alm.) ditemukan sejumlah gambar arsitektur LidahApi Kemerdekaan sebagai pemandu penggambaran ulang Lidah Api Kemerdekaan untuk menjadi basis konservasi lanjut. Abstract. Lidah Api Kemerdekaan (The Flame of Independence) as a dynamic symbol of ‘fire’ is the expression of the Greatness of Indonesian Nation, and was the idea of President Soekarno, who wanted it to be the ‘crown’ of Tugu Nasional/Monumen Nasional (National Monument) or Monas. It is not solely meant as an aesthetical symbol to make the monument attractive from every view, but also functions as the cover of the lift room on top of the monument. Its position, which is 115 above the ground, has caused some difficulties in the drawings and restoration efforts. Grounded Theory research through the point of view of Phenomenology on top of the National Monument has revealed degradation/damage on the gold-leaf layer on the surface of the Flame of Independence. Hence thoughts/discussions to find conservation strategies in the future are essentially needed for the preservation of the Flame of Independence. There is also difficulty to document the artifact because the location of the flame makes it impossible to be viewed frontally. Fortunately among the personal documents of the late architect, Soedarsono, we found a number of architectural drawings of the Flame of Independence that can be used as our guidance to redraw the Flame of Independence as the basis of further conservation.
Appendix Kalpataru Volume 21, nomor 2, tahun 2012 Redaksi Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional
KALPATARU Vol. 21 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

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