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INDONESIA
Menara Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 01259318     EISSN : 18583768     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009" : 5 Documents clear
Isolasi fragmen gen LIPASE dari kapang Absidia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae dan Rhizopus oligosporus Isolation of LIPASE gene fragment from Absidia corymbifera, Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus fungi Riza A. PUTRANTO; Asmini BUDIANI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (297.024 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.112

Abstract

AbstractDiversification of oil palm products, suchas healthy oil, needs lipase sustainability as abiocatalist. Many attempts have beendeveloped to produce lipase, includingintensive exploration and screening of severalspecies of molds. Genetic engineering for overexpression of LIPASE gene in the selectedmold is considered to be the potentialapproach for efficient production of thisenzyme. This research was aimed to isolate theLIPASE gene fragment of Indonesianindigenous fungi, namely Absidia corymbifera,Rhizopus oryzae and R. oligosporus by meansof RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase PolymeraseChain Reaction) technique using heterologousprimers. The result showed that a cDNAfragment of 462 bp has been amplified andisolated from the three fungi with differentconcentration. The highest quantity was foundfrom A. corymbifera. The RT-PCR productsisolated from A. corymbifera was cloned,sequenced and analyzed for its homology to thesequence of LIPASE gene from other species.BLAST analysis showed that the DNA sequenceof the cloned RT-PCR product derived fromA. corymbifera was highly homologous withLIPASE gene from Rhizopus niveus.AbstraksDiversifikasi produk kelapa sawit, sepertiminyak sehat (healthy oil) memerlukanketersediaan lipase sebagai biokatalis. Berbagaiupaya untuk produksi lipase telah dikembang-kan, termasuk eksplorasi dan skrining terhadapbeberapa spesies kapang secara intensif.Rekayasa genetika untuk mengoverekspresi-kan gen LIPASE pada kapang hasil skriningtersebut dipandang merupakan satu pendekatanpotensial untuk produksi enzim ini secaraefisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengisolasi fragmen gen LIPASE dari tigakapang indigenous Indonesia, yaituA. corymbifera, R. oryzae dan R. oligosporus,menggunakan teknik RT-PCR (ReverseTranscriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fragmencDNA sepanjang 462 bp dari ketiga kapangtelah diisolasi, masing-masing dengankuantitas yang berbeda. Hasil tertinggidiperoleh dari kapang A. corymbifera. ProdukRT-PCR dari A. corymbifera diklon, disekuenkemudian dianalisis homologinya dengansekuen gen LIPASE dari spesies lain. AnalisisBLAST menunjukkan bahwa sekuen DNA dariproduk RT-PCR terklon yang berasal dariA. corymbifera memiliki homologi tinggidengan gen LIPASE dari Rhizopus niveus.
Produksi, isolasi dan karakterisasi superoksida dismutase dari Spirulina platensis yang dibiakkan dalam serum lateks Production, isolation, and characterization of superoxyde dismutase from Spirulina platensis cultured on latex serum . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; Marini WIJAYANTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (374.392 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.113

Abstract

AbstractSpirulina platensis is a blue-green microalgawhich is frequently used for food and feedsupplements and cosmetic active agent. Thismicroalga also produces a strong antioxidantnamely superoxide dismutase (SOD) used ascosmetic active agent for anti aging and anti freeradicals. SOD was isolated from S. platensis cellbiomass from local isolate grown on latex serumon semipilot (3.5 m 3 ) and pilot scale (40 m 3 )then dried with spray drying or sun drying andcharacterized. SOD was purified with sequentialtwo-stage sedimentation using ammoniumsulphate and fractionated in chromatographiccolumn containing Sephadex G 200. Thefractions were analysed to determine the activity,cofactor metal and amino acid composition of theantioxidant. The results showed thatsedimentation of SOD extract with 80%ammonium sulphate produced SOD with higheractivity compared to that of SOD fromcommercial S. platensis biomass. This SOD wassuccessfully isolated and purified. MetaloenzymeSOD was composed of subunits with molecularweight of 77.78; 71.74; and 19.2 kDa, whichcontained nine types of amino acids with tyrosineand lysine as the major amino acid components.Zn was the most predominant metal on SOD, thenfollowed by Fe and Mn. The main subunitcofactors consisted of Zn 72%, Fe 25%, Mn 2%,and Cu 1%, which were different from thesmall subunit that contained of Zn 55%, Mn 31%,Fe 14%, and Cu 4%. The stability of SOD wasachieved on pH 7.5 and temperature below 25 o C.AbstrakSpirulina platensis adalah mikroalga hijaubiru yang banyak digunakan sebagai suplemenpangan, pakan, dan bahan aktif kosmetika.Mikroalga ini juga menghasilkan antioksidankuat yaitu superoksida dismutase (SOD), yangmerupakan bahan aktif kosmetika anti penuaandini dan pencegah efek radikal bebas. SODdiisolasi dari biomassa sel S. platensis isolat lokalyang dibiakkan dalam serum lateks skalasemipilot (3,5 m 3 ) dan pilot (40 m 3 ) sertadikeringkan dengan cara pengeringan kabut(spray drying) atau penjemuran untuk kemudiandikarakterisasi. SOD dimurnikan dengan peng-endapan bertingkat menggunakan ammoniumsulfat dan dipisahkan dengan kolom kromatografiberisi Sephadex G 200. Hasil pemisahankemudian dianalisis untuk menentukan aktivitas,logam kofaktor serta komposisi asam amino antioksidan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa pengendapan ekstrak SOD denganSOD lebih tinggi dari SOD asal biomassaS. platensis komersial. SOD tersebut telahberhasil diisolasi dan dimurnikan. MetaloenzimSOD tersusun atas subunit dengan BM 77,78;71,74; dan 19,2 kDa, yang mengandungsembilan jenis asam amino dengan tirosin danlisin sebagai komponen asam amino utama.Logam yang dominan pada SOD adalah Zn,disusul kemudian Fe dan Mn. Kofaktor sub unitbesar terdiri dari Zn 72%, Fe 25%, Mn 2%, danCu 1%, berbeda dengan sub unit kecil yangmengandung Zn 55%, Mn 31%, Fe 14%, dan Cu4%. Stabilitas SOD S. platensis dicapai pada pH7,5 dan suhu di bawah 25 o Cammonium sulfat 80% menghasilkan aktivitas
Perbanyakan in vitro tanaman kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) melalui tunas aksiler dan apikal In vitro propagation of cinchona (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) from axillary and apical buds Imron RIYADI; J. S. TAHARDI TAHARDI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (331.473 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.114

Abstract

AbstractThe use of the appropriate source of nodalbud explants in culture can increase theeffectiveness and efficiency of shootmultiplication. An experiment was conducted todetermine and compare the rate of in vitro shootmultiplication from apical and axillary budsin cinchona (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) andtheir subsequent growth and development. Theplant material used was Cinchona ledgerianaoriginating from the Indonesian Tea andCinchona Research Institute, Gambung, WestJava. Explants were taken from apical andaxillary nodes from in vitro germinated seedlings.The cultures were incubated at 26 0 C and 60%relative humidity under a 14-h photoperiod withlight intensity of 30 µmol photon/m 2 /sec.provided by cool-white fluorescent tubes (TL40 W) for 4 - 8 weeks. The parameters observedwere shoot multiplication rate, shoot growth anddevelopment such as shoot length, leaf numberand rooting frequency. Apical and axillary nodesproduced shoots at different multiplication rateson Murashige-Skoog (MS) standard mediumcontaining 30 g/L sucrose and supplemented with1 – 5 mg/L BA in combination with 0.1 mg/L IBA.Furthermore, shoots or plantlets of cinchonagrew and developed on the same mediacontaining 5 – 10 mg/L IAA combined with0.5 mg/L IBA. The results showed that shootmultiplication rate was higher in axillary than inapical nodes. The highest multiplication rate inaxillary nodes was 24.6 shootlets with 3 mg/LBA treatment, whereas in apical nodes it was17.2 shootlets with 5 mg/L BA treatment for eightweeks. The highest rooting frequency ofcinchona plantlet was 90%, achieved with 5 mg/LIAA in combination with 0.5 mg/L IBA. Theplantlets were successfully acclimatized andtransplanted to the fieldAbstrakSumber eksplan berupa nodus/tunas padakultur in vitro umum digunakan untuk multi-plikasi tunas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmembandingkan tingkat multiplikasi antara tunasapikal dengan tunas aksiler tanaman kina Ledgersecara in vitro. Bahan tanaman yang digunakanadalah kina Ledger (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens)yang berasal dari Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina,Gambung, Jawa Barat. Eksplan berupa nodus/tunas apikal dan aksiler asal biji yang dikecam-bahkan secara in vitro. Kultur tersebut diinku-basikan dalam ruang terang pada intensitascahaya 30 μmol foton/m 2 /detik dengan periodepenyinaran 14 jam pada suhu 260 C dankelembaban relatif + 60% selama 4 – 8 minggu.Parameter yang diamati adalah perbandinganmultiplikasi tunas dan pertumbuhan tunas yangmeliputi rata-rata tinggi tunas, jumlah daun danfrekuensi pengakaran. Nodus apikal maupunaksiler menghasilkan tunas dengan tingkatMurashige-Skoog (MS) standar yang me-ngandung sukrosa30 g/L dan ditambahkan BA1 – 5 mg/L dikombinasikan IBA 0,1 mg/L.Selanjutnya tunas/planlet kina tersebut berhasiltumbuhdan berkembang pada medium sama yangdiberi IAA 5 – 10 mg/L dikombinasikan denganIBA 0,5 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa tingkat multiplikasi tunas aksiler lebihtinggi dari pada tunas apikal. Multiplikasi tunasaksiler menghasilkan jumlah tunas rata-ratatertinggi sebesar 24,6 tunas per eksplan padaperlakuan BA 3 mg/L sedangkan multiplikasitunas apikal tertinggi sebesar 17,2 tunas pereksplan pada perlakuan BA 5 mg/L pada umurdelapan minggu. Frekuensi pengakaran planletkina tertinggi mencapai 90% pada perlakuan IAA10 mg/L yang dikombinasikan dengan IBA 0,5mg/L. Planlet yang dihasilkan telah berhasildiaklimatisasi dan dipindahkan ke tempatpersemaian lapang.
Produksi IAA oleh Rhizobium sp. dalam medium sintetik dan serum lateks dengan suplementasi triptofan Indole acetic acid production by Rhizobium sp. on synthetic and latex serum media with tryptophan supplementation . SUHARYANTO; . TRI-PANJI; . GUSNANIAR
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (302.233 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.105

Abstract

AbstractThe utilization of latex effluent to producebioproduct like indole acetic acid (IAA) willreduce amount of effluent, as well as effluentprocessing cost and produce an economicallyprofitable product. IAA could be produced bysome rhizosphere microbes that could grow onlatex effluent using L-tryptophan (Trp) as itsprecursor. The aim of this research is todetermine potential growth and capability of IAAproduction by Rhizobium spp. R6 and KT onsynthetic and latex serum media supplementedwith pure Trp and with litter poultry manure as acheap source of Trp. The research coveredexamination of IAA producing Rhizobia usingliquid synthetic media supplemented with 0.07g/L and 0.14 g/L Trp. The potential Rhizobiumsp. in producing IAA was then inoculated intolatex serum media supplemented with pure Trpand Trp from litter poultry manure. Result of theresearch showed that the highest IAA productionwas reached as much as 51.08 µg/mL in syntheticmedia supplemented with 0.14 g/L Trp inoculatedwith Rhizobium sp. R6. IAA could be producedas much as 6.63 µg/mL in pasteurizedundiluted latex serum media supplemented with0.14 g/L Trp. Using latex serum mediasupplemented with Trp from litter poultry manureshowed that Rhizobium sp. R6 could produce11.91 µg/mL. Supplementation of pure syntheticTrp in IAA production could be replaced withlitter poultry manure as a cheap source of Trp.AbstrakPemanfaatan limbah lateks menjadi produkbio seperti asam indol asetat (IAA), dapatmengurangi volume limbah, menekan biayapengolahan limbah, serta menghasilkan produkyang bernilai ekonomis. IAA dapat dihasilkanoleh beberapa mikroba rhizosfer yang mamputumbuh dalam limbah lateks dengan L-triptofan(Trp) sebagai prekursor-nya. Penelitian bertujuanmenetapkan potensi pertumbuhan dan produksiIAA oleh Rhizobium spp. R6 dan KT dalammedium sintetik dan serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp sintetik dan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp murah. Isolat potensial dalamproduksi IAA kemudian ditumbuhkan dalammedium serum lateks pekat yang disuplementasiTrp murni dan Trp dari kotoran ayam. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi IAAtertinggi diperoleh dalam medium sintetik olehRhizobium sp. R6, sebesar 51,08 µg/mL. IAAdapat diproduksi sebesar 6,63 µg/mL dalammedium serum lateks 100% + Trp 0,14 g/L yangdipasteurisasi. Dalam medium serum lateks yangdisuplementasi Trp dari kotoran ayam, produksiIAA Rhizobium sp. R6 dapat mencapai 11,91µg/mL. Suplementasi Trp murni dalam produksiIAA dapat digantikan dengan kotoran ayamsebagai sumber Trp yang mura
Kloning gen penyandi β-1,6-glukanase kapang secara cepat dengan teknik RT-PCR menggunakan primer spesifik Rapid cloning for gene encoding fungal β-1,6-glucanase by means of RT-PCR using specific primers Asmini BUDIANI; Riza A. PUTRANTO; Hayati MINARSIH; Niyyah FITRANTI; Djoko SANTOSO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (547.075 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v77i1.115

Abstract

AbstractProduction of bioethanol from biomass ofagricultural waste has been hindered with a highproduction cost because enzymes needed for theprocess has to be imported with relatively a highprice. Genetic engineering using its encodinggenes is able to produce those enzymes withlower cost. In this report we described a researchaimed to clone gene encoding β-1,6-glucanasefrom Trichoderma harzianum with a relativelyrapid and inexpensive method, by means of RT-PCR using gene specific primers. The primerswere designed based on the DNA sequence of thetarget gene from the same species of organismused in this research. RT-PCR using that primersresulted in DNA fragment with sizescorresponding to the predicted size of full lengthgene encoding β-1,6-glucanase, about 1300 bp.After a sequential experiments of cloning usingpGEM-T Easy vector, DNA sequencing andBlastN - BlastX analyses of the sequences, it wasproven that the isolated DNA was full length geneof β-1,6-glucanase. This was implied from thepercentage of Identity and E-value which were96% and 0.0 (< e-04) respectivety.AbstrakProduksi bioetanol dari biomassa limbahpertanian, terkendala oleh tingginya biayaproduksi karena enzim yang diperlukan untukproses tersebut masih harus diimpor denganharga yang relatif mahal. Melalui rekayasagenetika menggunakan gen-gen penyandinya,enzim-enzim tersebut dapat diproduksi denganbiaya yang lebih murah. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengklon gen penyandi β-1,6-glukanasedari Trichoderma harzianum secara cepat danekonomis, dengan RT-PCR menggunakan primerspesifik. Primer tersebut dirancang berdasarkansekuen DNA dari gen target asal spesiesorganisme yang sama dengan yang digunakandalam penelitian. RT-PCR dengan primertersebut menghasilkan fragmen DNA yangukurannya sesuai dengan gen lengkap penyandiβ-1,6-glukanase, yaitu sekitar 1300 bp. Setelahsecara berurutan diklon menggunakan vektorpGEM-T Easy, sekuensing urutan DNA dananalisis BlastN maupun BlastX dari sekuen yangdiperoleh, terbukti bahwa fragmen DNA tersebutadalah gen lengkap penyandi β-1,6-glukanase.Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh Nilai Kesamaan(Identity) dan E-Value yang masing-masingmencapai 96% dan 0.0.

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