International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE, ISSN: 2088-8708, a SCOPUS indexed Journal, SNIP: 1.001; SJR: 0.296; CiteScore: 0.99; SJR & CiteScore Q2 on both of the Electrical & Electronics Engineering, and Computer Science) is the official publication of the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES). The journal is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world.
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Forecasting movie rating using k-nearest neighbor based collaborative filtering
Prakash Pandharinath Rokade;
PVRD Prasad Rao;
Aruna Kumari Devarakonda
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6506-6512
Expressing reviews in the form of sentiments or ratings for item used or movie seen is the part of human habit. These reviews are easily available on different social websites. Based on interest pattern of a user, it is important to recommend him the items. Recommendation system is playing a vital role in everyone’s life as demand of recommendation for user’s interest increasing day by day. Movie recommendation system based on available ratings for a movie has become interesting part for new users. Till today, a lot many recommendation systems are designed using several machine learning algorithms. Still, sparsity problems, cold start problem, scalability, grey sheep problem are the hurdles for the recommendation systems that must be resolved using hybrid algorithms. We proposed in this paper, a movie rating system using a k-nearest neighbor (KNN-based) collaborative filtering (CF) approach. We compared user’s ratings for different movies to get top K users. Then we have used this top K set to find missing ratings by user for a movie using CF. Our proposed system when evaluated for various criteria shows promising results for movie recommendations compared with existing systems.
Deep learning for cancer tumor classification using transfer learning and feature concatenation
Abdallah Mohamed Hassan;
Mohamed Bakry El-Mashade;
Ashraf Aboshosha
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6736-6743
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) represent one of the state-of-the-art methods for image classification in a variety of fields. Because the number of training dataset images in biomedical image classification is limited, transfer learning with CNNs is frequently applied. Breast cancer is one of most common types of cancer that causes death in women. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer are vital for improving survival rates. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network framework based on the transfer learning concept for detecting and classifying breast cancer histopathology images. In the proposed framework, we extract features from images using three pre-trained CNN architectures: VGG-16, ResNet50, and Inception-v3, and concatenate their extracted features, and then feed them into a fully connected (FC) layer to classify benign and malignant tumor cells in the histopathology images of the breast cancer. In comparison to the other CNN architectures that use a single CNN and many conventional classification methods, the proposed framework outperformed all other deep learning architectures and achieved an average accuracy of 98.76%.
Controlling the half-step mode operation of the variable reluctance stepper motor by using Mamdani type of fuzzy logic controller
Mustafa A. Mhawesh;
Ahmed S. Kashkool
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp5950-5957
This paper proposed the step angle controlling of the half-step mode operation of the variable reluctance stepper motor (VRSM) by using Mamdani type of fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The MATLAB program was used to achieve the approach. The VRSM that was used in this paper has six stator poles and four rotor poles. The VRSM has three phases that represent the input variables and the step angle represents the output variable in the FLC in MATLAB. Membership functions were created for the input and output variables. The rules of the FLC were built in MATLAB. The theoretical step angles results of the VRSM were obtained by using mathematically equation while the practical results were obtained by using MATLAB. The obtained results are closer to the actual results depending on the comparison between the theoretical and practical readings. These results were written in table and were plotted in figure.
Knowledge graph-based method for solutions detection and evaluation in an online problem-solving community
Houda Sekkal;
Naïla Amrous;
Samir Bennani
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6350-6362
Online communities are a real medium for human experiences sharing. They contain rich knowledge of lived situations and experiences that can be used to support decision-making process and problem-solving. This work presents an approach for extracting, representing, and evaluating components of problem-solving knowledge shared in online communities. Few studies have tackled the issue of knowledge extraction and its usefulness evaluation in online communities. In this study, we propose a new approach to detect and evaluate best solutions to problems discussed by members of online communities. Our approach is based on knowledge graph technology and graphs theory enabling the representation of knowledge shared by the community and facilitating its reuse. Our process of problem-solving knowledge extraction in online communities (PSKEOC) consists of three phases: problems and solutions detection and classification, knowledge graph constitution and finally best solutions evaluation. The experimental results are compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) model chapter about Infant and young child feeding and show that our approach succeed to extract and reveal important problem-solving knowledge contained in online community’s conversations. Our proposed approach leads to the construction of an experiential knowledge graph as a representation of the constructed knowledge base in the community studied in this paper.
Evaluating the effectiveness of data quality framework in software engineering
Marshima Mohd Rosli;
Nor Shahida Mohamad Yusop
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6410-6422
The quality of data is important in research working with data sets because poor data quality may lead to invalid results. Data sets contain measurements that are associated with metrics and entities; however, in some data sets, it is not always clear which entities have been measured and exactly which metrics have been used. This means that measurements could be misinterpreted. In this study, we develop a framework for data quality assessment that determines whether a data set has sufficient information to support the correct interpretation of data for analysis in empirical research. The framework incorporates a dataset metamodel and a quality assessment process to evaluate the data set quality. To evaluate the effectiveness of our framework, we conducted a user study. We used observations, a questionnaire and think aloud approach to provide insights into the framework through participant thought processes while applying the framework. The results of our study provide evidence that most participants successfully applied the definitions of dataset category elements and the formal definitions of data quality issues to the datasets. Further work is needed to reproduce our results with more participants, and to determine whether the data quality framework is generalizable to other types of data sets.
Hand geometry recognition: an approach for closed and separated fingers
Adeniyi Jide Kehinde;
Oladele Tinuke Omolewa;
Akande Oluwatobi Noah;
Adeniyi Tunde Taiwo
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6079-6089
Hand geometry has been a biometric trait that has attracted attention from several researchers. This stems from the fact that it is less intrusive and could be captured without contact with the acquisition device. Its application ranges from forensic examination to basic authentication use. However, restrictions in hand placement have proven to be one of its challenges. Users are either instructed to keep their fingers separate or closed during capture. Hence, this paper presents an approach to hand geometry using finger measurements that considers both closed and separate fingers. The system starts by cropping out the finger section of the hand and then resizing the cropped fingers. 20 distances were extracted from each finger in both separate and closed finger images. A comparison was made between Manhattan distance and Euclidean distance for features extraction. The support vector machine (SVM) was used for classification. The result showed a better result for Euclidean distance with a false acceptance ratio (FAR) of 0.6 and a false rejection ratio (FRR) of 1.2.
Range-enhanced packet classification to improve computational performance on field programmable gate array
Anita Ponnuswamy;
Manju Devi
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp5840-5847
Multi-filed packet classification is a powerful classification engine that classifies input packets into different fields based on predefined rules. As the demand for the internet increases, efficient network routers can support many network features like quality of services (QoS), firewalls, security, multimedia communications, and virtual private networks. However, the traditional packet classification methods do not fulfill today’s network functionality and requirements efficiently. In this article, an efficient range enhanced packet classification (REPC) module is designed using a range bit-vector encoding method, which provides a unique design to store the precomputed values in memory. In addition, the REPC supports range to prefix features to match the packets to the corresponding header fields. The synthesis and implementation results of REPC are analyzed and tabulated in detail. The REPC module utilizes 3% slices on Artix-7 field programmable gate array (FPGA), works at 99.87 Gbps throughput with a latency of 3 clock cycles. The proposed REPC is compared with existing packet classification approaches with better hardware constraints improvements.
Visual and light detection and ranging-based simultaneous localization and mapping for self-driving cars
El Farnane Abdelhafid;
Youssefi My Abdelkader;
Mouhsen Ahmed;
Dakir Rachid;
El Ihyaoui Abdelilah
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6284-6292
In recent years, there has been a strong demand for self-driving cars. For safe navigation, self-driving cars need both precise localization and robust mapping. While global navigation satellite system (GNSS) can be used to locate vehicles, it has some limitations, such as satellite signal absence (tunnels and caves), which restrict its use in urban scenarios. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) are an excellent solution for identifying a vehicle’s position while at the same time constructing a representation of the environment. SLAM-based visual and light detection and ranging (LIDAR) refer to using cameras and LIDAR as source of external information. This paper presents an implementation of SLAM algorithm for building a map of environment and obtaining car’s trajectory using LIDAR scans. A detailed overview of current visual and LIDAR SLAM approaches has also been provided and discussed. Simulation results referred to LIDAR scans indicate that SLAM is convenient and helpful in localization and mapping.
Monte Carlo simulation convergences’ percentage and position in future reliability evaluation
Nur Nabihah Rusyda Roslan;
NoorFatin Farhanie Mohd Fauzi;
Mohd Ikhwan Muhammad Ridzuan
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6218-6227
Reliability assessment is a needed assessment in today's world. It is required not only for system design but also to ensure the power delivered reaches the consumer. It is usual for fault to occur, but it is best if the fault can be predicted and the way to overcome it can be prepared in advance. Monte Carlo simulation is a standard method of assessing reliability since it is a time-based evaluation that nearly represents the actual situation. However, sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) typically took long-time simulation. A convergence element can be implemented into the simulation to ensure that the time taken to compute the simulation can be reduced. The SMC can be done with and without convergence. SMC with convergence has high accuracy compared to the SMC without convergence, as it takes a long time and has a high possibility of not getting accurate output. In this research, the SMC is subjected to five different convergence items to determine which converge simulation is the fastest while providing better performance for reliability evaluation. There are two types of convergence positions, namely input convergence and output convergence. Overall, output convergence shows the best result compared to input convergence.
Best S-box amongst differently sized S-boxes based on the avalanche effect in the advance encryption standard algorithm
Hadeel Mohammed Taher;
Seddiq Qais Abd Al-Rahman;
Shihab A. Shawkat
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 12, No 6: December 2022
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6535-6544
Substitution boxes are essential nonlinear modules that are popular in block cipher algorithms. They also play a significant role in the security area because of their robustness to different linear cryptanalysis. Each element of the state in a S-box is nonlinearly replaced using a lookup table. This research presents the S-box, one of the fundamental parts of the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm. The S-box represents the confusion part in the AES. However, when information is shared between different devices in an authorized manner, the algorithm should be able to combine a sufficient number of confusion layers to guarantee the avalanche effect (AE). Subsequently, this research selects the best S-box by comparing different sizes (4×4, 8×8, and 16×16) and measuring them on the basis of the million-bit encryption. The AE is the main criterion used in choosing the best S-box. A robust and strong cryptography algorithm should be able to confirm the AEs. Results indicate that the 16×16 S-box with a 52% AE ratio is the superior S-box