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INDONESIA
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 32, No 1: April 2008" : 13 Documents clear
ANALISIS KUALITATIF DAN KUANTITATIF ZAT PEWARNA PADA KERIPIK BALADO YANG BEREDAR DI BUKITTINGGI Elmatris Elmatris
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 32, No 1: April 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v32.i1.p75-82.2008

Abstract

AbstrakGizi dan kesehatan di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia merupakan masalah kesehatan utama, sehingga sangat penting untuk diperhatikan. Penyalahgunaan bahan makanan tambahan dapat memberikan dampak terhadap gizi dan kesehatan manusia. Salah satunya adalah pencemaran bahan kimia dari produk makanan, misalnya penggunaan pewarna sintetis yang tidak sesuai aturan pemerintah. Penelitian zat pewarna pada keripik balado yang beredar di Bukittinggi yang bersifat deskriptif dilaksanakan di Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Padang dari bulan Maret-Juli 2008. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui zat pewarna yang digunakan, jenis zat pewarna sintetis dan kadar zat pewarna sintetis yang digunakan pada kripik balado. Analisis kualitatif dan penentuan jenis zat pewarna dilakukan melalui metode kromatografi kertas, sedangkan analisis kuantitatif zat pewarna dengan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 sampel kripik balado yang dianalisis terdapat lebih dari separoh sampel (75%) menggunakan zat pewarna sintetis. Kadar zat yang digunakan ternyata 53,3% melebihi ketentuan yang ditetapkan Departemen Kesehatan (DepKes). Jenis zat pewarna sintetis yang digunakan adalah Ponceau 4R dan Erythrosin, yang diizinkan oleh DepKes, dan 73,3% di antaranya adalah Erythrosine. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa zat pewarna sintetis masih digunakan dan kurang dari separoh sampel menggunakannya tanpa melebihi kadar yang ditetapkan DepKes, untuk memerahkan kripik balado yang beredar di Bukittinggi.Kata kunci: Analisis kualitatif, analisis kuantitatif, zat pewarna sintetisAbstractNutrition and health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia is a major health problem, therefore it’s very important to supervise. Abuse of food can result in additional impact on health and nutrition. One of them, the chemical addition of synthetic coloring substances on food products that does not follow government’s regulation. Descriptive research on the coloring substances of chilly chip (‘keripik balado’) sold in Bukittinggi, West Sumatera was conducted in Health Laboratory Facility in Padang from March until July 2008. The purpose of this research is to identify the substances used, the type and its concentrations in chilly chips. Qualitative analysis and determining the type of substances were performed using paper chromatography, while quantitative analysis was conducted with dye spectrophotometer. The result showed that from the sample of 20 types of chilly chips, more than half (75%) were using synthetic substances. Of the substances used, 53.3%ARTIKEL PENELITIAN76exceeded the maximum allowed concentrations specified by Health Department. Types of substances used were Poceau 4R and Erythrosin, and 73.3% of those were Erythrosin. It is concluded that synthetic substances are still in use, and less than half does not exceed the specified health department requirements, to redden chilly chips sold in Bukittinggi.Keywords: Qualitative Analysis, Quantitative Analysis, Coloring Substances Synthetic
KELAMBU CELUP PERMETRIN Nora Harminarti
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 32, No 1: April 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (115.74 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v32.i1.p1-7.2008

Abstract

AbstrakPenyakit malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Berbagai usaha telah dilakukan untuk mengatasinya, seperti penanggulangan vektor, pengobatan penderita dan perbaikan lingkungan. Di samping itu penting bagi masyarakat untuk melindungi diri dari gigitan nyamuk. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan penggunaan kelambu yang dikombinasi dengan insektisida seperti permetrin, yang dikenal dengan istilah kelambu celup permetrin. Permetrin merupakan insektisida golongan piretroid sintetik, bersifat fotostabil dan neuropoison terhadap serangga, tidak toksik bagi organisme lain hanya menimbulkan iritasi ringan pada kulit. Ia larut di dalam air, bersifat racun perut atau racun kontak dengan daya residu lebih kurang 6 bulan. Bentuk kelambu bisa empat persegi panjang dengan ukuran yang bervariasi. Bahan yang digunakan bisa bermacam-macam, dengan bahan poliester dan nilon memiliki daya bunuh terhadap nyamuk anophelini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katun. Penggunaan kelambu celup ini cukup efektif di daerah malaria bertransmisi rendah dan sedang, sedangkan di daerah bertransmisi tinggi penggunaannya harus dikombinasi dengan pengobatan.Kata kunci : kelambu celup - permetrin - piretroid sintetikAbstractMalaria is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Many efforts have been done to overcome it, such as vector control, patient treatment and environment im-provement. It is important for people to protect themselves from mosquito bite. One of these efforts is the use of bed net impregnated with insecticide such as permethrin, which is known as perme-thrin-impregnated bed net. Permethrin is a synthetic pyre-throid insecticide, photostable and neuropoisonous to insect, but only induce slight irri-tation at the skin of other organism. It is water soluble, has stomach poison or contact poison effect with residual power around six months. Bed net might take a form of four square with variable size. The material may vary, but polyester and nylon have better killing power against anopheline mosquitoes than cotton. The use of this impregnated net in low and middle malaria transmission area is so effective, while in high transmis-sion area it must be combined with the proper treatment.Keywords: mosquito net impregnated - permethrin - synthetic pyrethroidTINJAUAN PUSTAKA
POLA KEBIJAKAN PENTARIFAN JASA LAYANAN BEDAH DI RUMAH SAKIT KHUSUS BEDAH ROPANASURI Rima Semiarty
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 32, No 1: April 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v32.i1.p37-46.2008

Abstract

AbstrakDalam rangka globalisasi perlu upaya lebih besar untuk membenahi rumah sakit, termasuk upaya penetapan pola tarif agar tetap bertahan hidup. Rumah Sakit Ropanasuri sebagai rumah sakit dengan pelayanan bedah belum menetapkan pola tarif pelayanan bedah yang merujuk pada biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan biaya satuan tindakan bedah serta mengidentifikasi tindakan yang mencapai break event point dan kebijakan pola tarif tindakan bedah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan metoda evaluatif dan analisa tarif yang berlaku selama ini di kamar bedah. Data yang digunakan adalah data isian sekunder dari bagian keuangan dan wawancara serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan para Dokter Bedah. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh gambaran biaya satuan tindakan bedah dari empat kelompok bedah yaitu digestif, orthopaedi, onkologi dan urologi serta biaya satuan yang memperhitungkan utilisasi untuk empat jenis operasi (minor, medium, mayor, khusus). Ternyata terdapat beberapa tindakan yang tidak mencapai break event point, defisit serta ada yang surplus. Atas dasar perhitungan analisa tarif didapatkan pola kebijakan tarif yang berdasarkan perhitungan unit cost.Kata kunci: tarif – pelayanan bedahAbstractIn the context of globalization, greater efforts for good hospital administration is needed, including efforts to establish the imbursement pattern for hospital survival. Ropanasuri Hospital as a hospital with surgical services has not set a tariff pattern with reference to the cost of surgery. This study aims to identify unit cost of surgery and to identify actions to achieve break-event point tariff policy and the pattern of surgical costs. This descriptive-analysis research study used analytical and evaluative methods on tariffs currently used operating rooms. Data were gathered from secondary data from financial department, and from interviews with focus group discussion (FGD) and surgeons involved in the hospital. The result showed the pattern of the costs from four surgical groups, namely digestive, orthopaedics, oncology and urology, and the units costs of the utilization in four types of surgeries (minor, medium, major, and specialistic surgeries). There are some operations that do not reach the break-point event, some results in deficit and some in surplus. Based on tariff analysis evaluation, the pattern ofARTIKEL PENELITIAN38tariff policy is established using the calculation of the unit cost.Keywords: hospital tariffs - surgical services

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