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Rational Choice Theory as a Philosophical Basis for Voluntary Disclosure of Anti-Fraud Policy Kurniawati, Anggreni Dian; Syamsuddin, Muhammad Mukhtasar
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 10 No. 2: 2nd Edition (July-December 2025)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v10i2.414

The disclosure of anti-fraud policies by non-financial companies in Indonesia is still voluntary, unlike that of financial and banking companies that which are required to make such disclosures. In the context of voluntary disclosure of anti-fraud policies, rational choice theory assumes that companies will make disclosure if the benefits are perceived to outweigh the risks. However, in reality, non-economic motives additionally take a role in decisions pertaining to this disclosure, in addition to rational ones. This research criticizes the rational choice theory by exploring whether voluntary disclosure decisions by non-financial companies are genuinely rational or influenced by significant non-economic factors such as moral, cultural, and corporate image. This research provides a new perspective for non-financial companies in Indonesia to consider non-economic factors in decision-making regarding the disclosure of anti-fraud policies and to develop views in the philosophy of economics on the importance of social and moral factors in economic decision-making about transparency and accountability. This study concerns the economic rationality assumption in the voluntary disclosure of anti-fraud measures by non-financial enterprises in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of social and organizational culture elements. The findings indicate that a purely rational approach may not always be effective, underlining the importance of integrating ethical ideals and economic philosophy to promote transparency motivated by moral principles rather than financial gain.

From Rhetoric to Action?: A Comparative History of Indonesian Anti-Corruption (1945-Reformasi) Mohamad Mahsun; A Zamzam
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.406

This study aims to critically evaluate the disparity between political rhetoric and the implementation of formal anti-corruption policies across three regime periods in Indonesia: the Old Order, the New Order, and the early Reformation era. This research employs a qualitative historical-comparative design using Thematic Analysis Braun & Clarke, 2006. Data sources include presidential speeches, legal statutes, and institutional records, which were coded to identify patterns of political will versus enforcement reality. The analysis reveals distinct patterns: (1) The Old Order established the initial legal terminology for corruption but lacked enforcement data and institutional capacity due to political instability; (2) The New Order (32 years) produced strong anti-corruption rhetoric and laws (Law No. 3/1971), yet corruption became systemic and structured, indistinguishable from state operation; (3) The early Reformation era marked a shift towards institutional independence (establishment of KPK), attempting to dismantle the decades-long structure of the previous regime. Unlike the previous eras, the Reform era focused on creating “superbodies,” though early enforcement outcomes struggled to match the scale of entrenched corruption inherited from the New Order regime. The study concludes that legal evolution alone is insufficient without political consistency. The transition shows that while institutional authority has strengthened, the “culture of impunity” remains a persistent legacy that new regulations struggle to overcome.

Village Financial System Application, Spirituality, and Government Internal Control System on Fraud Prevention: Moderated by Competence Arif Afriady; Sudrajat
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.410

his study examines the role of the Village Financial System Application (VFSA), spirituality, and the Government Internal Control System (GICS) in improving fraud prevention in village financial management. The study also investigates the moderating role of competence in the relationship between VFSA and fraud prevention. A quantitative approach was employed using survey data collected from village officials in Kotabaru District, Karawang Regency. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings indicate that VFSA implementation, spirituality, and GICS significantly contribute to fraud prevention. These results suggest that digital financial systems, effective internal control mechanisms, and ethical values play important roles in minimizing fraudulent practices in village financial management. However, competence was not found to significantly moderate the relationship between VFSA and fraud prevention. The study highlights the importance of integrating technological systems, internal controls, and ethical values to strengthen transparency and accountability in village governance.

Risk Profiling in Public E-Procurement: Empirical Insights from Indonesia’s Supreme Audit Institution (BPK RI) Aditya Pratama; Bhakti Yudho Suprapto; Chairul Razak
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.416

Using axiomatic analysis, this paper examines the relationship between open data and transparency in corruption prevention in Indonesia. Opentender represents a modality of e-government and open government in mitigating Public Procurement corruption. The results presented in this research were derived from document analyses and interviews with the Indonesian Corruption Watch (ICW), the initiator and administrator of Opentender. The results of this study demonstrate that Opentender, as an element of open government does promote transparency and hence address the failure of information asymmetry. Furthermore, it demonstrates a preventive capability by displaying data with potential fraud indicators, thereby enhancing information accessibility. Nonetheless, Opentender has yet to affect aspect of capacity building and empowerment. This is evidenced by the inadequate exploitation of data on Opentender as only a few stakeholders or public members use data on Opentender or utilizing Opentender as a mechanism for overseeing Electronic Public Procurement. Theoretically, this study advances the use of axiomatic analysis in understanding corruption prevention. The integration of Opentender to the existing anti-corruption institutional frameworks in Indonesia will further boost the impact of Opentender to corruption prevention in Indonesia.

Audit Procedure for Selecting Providers through E-Procurement (LPSE) Bobby Yuhanda; Ratna; Abdullah; Faiz Muttaqin Simbolon
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.419

This study examines the effectiveness of e-audit implementation in the e-procurement (LPSE) system, focusing on fraud risks in the supplier selection process. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research analyzes 2023 procurement data, including access logs, document metadata, and system-generated reports. The findings reveal significant vulnerabilities, such as unauthorized user ID usage, inconsistencies in activity logs, weak access controls, similarities in IP addresses, and identical document metadata among bidders, indicating potential collusion and manipulation. These weaknesses suggest that current e-audit practices are not fully integrated and remain partially manual, limiting their effectiveness in detecting fraud. Drawing on internal control and fraud theories, this study highlights gaps between regulatory compliance and operational implementation. The study proposes a technology-driven e-audit framework, including multi-factor authentication, automated audit modules, and digital forensic analysis. Strengthening these aspects is essential to enhance transparency, accountability, and integrity in electronic procurement systems.

Digital Governance Management for Sustainable Government: Innovation in Corruption Eradication Towards SDGs Afzil Ramadian; Syakhira Fadla; Esih Nurasiah Jamil
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.423

Digital governance has become a transformative tool in increasing transparency, accountability, and efficiency in government. This paper aims to analyze the role of digital governance management in supporting sustainable governance, especially in eradicating corruption as an effort to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The methodology used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). This study identifies, evaluates, and synthesizes existing literature regarding digital governance implementation across various countries to analyze its role in eradicating corruption. The results of the analysis show that the integration of digital technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and big data can significantly reduce corrupt practices by increasing transparency and minimizing human intervention. This paper concludes that digital governance management is a crucial innovation in realizing sustainable and corruption-free governance. The theoretical implication of this research lies in expanding the discourse on digital governance as a core component of sustainable development. For practical and policy implications, this paper offers a strategic foundation for governments to design and implement transparent, technology-based systems that minimize human intervention and prevent corrupt practices.

Axiomatic Analysis of Opentender to Prevent Corruption in Electronic Public Procurement Tutik Rachmawati; Natasja Calista
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.424

Using axiomatic analysis, this paper examines the relationship between open data and transparency in corruption prevention in Indonesia. Opentender represents a modality of e-government and open government in mitigating Public Procurement corruption. The results presented in this research were derived from document analyses and interviews with the Indonesian Corruption Watch (ICW), the initiator and administrator of Opentender. The results of this study demonstrate that Opentender, as an element of open government does promote transparency and hence address the failure of information asymmetry. Furthermore, it demonstrates a preventive capability by displaying data with potential fraud indicators, thereby enhancing information accessibility. Nonetheless, Opentender has yet to affect aspect of capacity building and empowerment. This is evidenced by the inadequate exploitation of data on Opentender as only a few stakeholders or public members use data on Opentender or utilizing Opentender as a mechanism for overseeing Electronic Public Procurement. Theoretically, this study advances the use of axiomatic analysis in understanding corruption prevention. The integration of Opentender to the existing anti-corruption institutional frameworks in Indonesia will further boost the impact of Opentender to corruption prevention in Indonesia.

Comparing Facebook Prophet and ARIMA for Forecasting Online Gambling Transactions in Indonesian E-Wallets Fadiyah Nur Ayu Ning Tyas; Mohammad Reza Fahlevi; Muhammad Irwin Hentriansa
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.428

The rapid expansion of digital financial services in Indonesia has driven widespread adoption of e-wallet platforms, while also enabling the growth of illegal online gambling activities. This study presents a predictive framework for detecting gambling-related behavior on Indonesian e-wallet platforms using the Facebook Prophet time series forecasting model, with ARIMA employed as a comparative benchmark. By analyzing historical transaction data flagged as suspicious or potentially linked to gambling, both models are used to capture seasonal trends and detect anomalies that signal future high-risk activity. The results show that Prophet effectively anticipates spikes in gambling-related transactions, often outperforming ARIMA in capturing complex seasonal patterns. These findings highlight the potential of time series forecasting to enhance fraud detection systems by enabling proactive interventions during predicted high-risk periods. This research contributes to the field of financial fraud prevention by demonstrating the value of integrating predictive analytics particularly Prophet into efforts to combat illicit behavior within Indonesia’s evolving digital finance ecosystem.

An Integrated Framework of Fraud Risk Assessment in ICOFR Implementation to Enhance Internal Controls Against Fraud Risks Indah Kurnia
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.463

The increasing prevalence of financial statement manipulation, corruption, and asset misappropriation within the Indonesian business community has necessitated the implementation of Internal Control over Financial Reporting (ICOFR) as a critical mechanism for ensuring financial reliability and safeguarding organizational stability against fraudulent activities. This paper examines the integration of fraud risk assessment (FRA) into the ICOFR framework to strengthen internal controls against fraud risks. Using a qualitative descriptive case study approach at an Indonesian energy SOE subsidiary, this research provides implementation recommendations for organizations. The study utilized focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews to gather insights from 18 selected participants involved in ICOFR execution, ensuring data triangulation through the review of historical audit and investigation reports. Findings suggest that ICOFR, while traditionally focused on operational risk, appears to be more effective when a fraud risk assessment framework is integrated into its design. This process involves identifying specific fraud schemes within business operations, aligning them with the existing Risk Control Matrix (RCM), and performing inherent and residual risk assessments. The study confirms that such integration is feasible and appears to be effective; by utilizing the COSO Framework as a theoretical anchor, the organization successfully lowered its residual fraud risk across all business segments. Notably, the assessment validated a reduction in risk scores across ten critical business processes, effectively transitioning the company from a state of general operational control to a specialized, fraud-resilient reporting environment.

When Independent Institution Isn’t Enough: The Democratic Determinants of Corruption Control Candra Hapsari Susilo; Muhammad Rafi Bakri; Laura Risma Naomi
Asia Pacific Fraud Journal Vol. 11 No. 1: 1st Edition (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Association of Certified Fraud Examiners Indonesia Chapter

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21532/apfjournal.v11i1.480

This study investigates the global effectiveness of anti-corruption agencies (ACAs) and supreme audit institutions (SAIs) in reducing public sector corruption, addressing a significant empirical gap in how institutional autonomy correlates with long-term corruption perceptions. Utilising a panel dataset of 1,872 observations from 2012 to 2024, the research employs Fixed Effects and Random Effects models. Anchored in Principal–Agent theory, this analysis engages with the enduring debate over whether formal institutional independence effectively translates into substantive performance outcomes, as further underscored by Meagher (2005) and Doig (2017), who emphasise the persistent gap between formal mandates and actual effectiveness in anti-corruption institutions. Our findings reveal that while the autonomy of these bodies significantly associates with improved Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) scores, this relationship is non-linear and highly conditional. Specifically, the association diminishes when adjusted for democratic stock, suggesting that democracy acts as a catalytic mechanism that transforms formal legal autonomy into functional accountability. Furthermore, the research extends current literature by identifying a synergistic effect between ACAs and SAIs, demonstrating that their coordinated independence further correlates with enhanced integrity outcomes. Ultimately, the results underscore that institutional design alone is insufficient unless embedded within democratic ecosystems that provide the necessary transparency and civil oversight to safeguard institutional performance.

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Dr. Tarjo

Contact Email mulfaapfjurnal@gmail.com

Phone -

Journal Mail Official mulfaapfjurnal@gmail.com

Editorial Address -

Location Kota adm. jakarta pusat, Dki jakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Dr. Tarjo

Contact Email
mulfaapfjurnal@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
mulfaapfjurnal@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota adm. jakarta pusat,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA