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PINISI Discretion Review
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 25801309     EISSN : 25801317     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Social,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
PINISI Discretion Review is an-Opened Access journal and published twice a year every March and September. It publishes the research (no longer than 5 years after the draft proposed) in term of PINISI Discretion Review: public administration, public policy, management, bussiness administration, leadership, behavioristic, organization conceptual or empirical contributions on methodological issues in administration research.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Administrasi Publik
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020" : 16 Documents clear
The Principle of Common Good in Ibuanyidanda Philosophy and Egocentrism in Nigeria’s Political Leadership Onyemachi Felix Chukwudi
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14792

Abstract

The paper aims at resolving the issue of egocentrism using the principle of common good in Ibuanyidanda Philosophy within the context of Nigeria’s political leadership. The paper makes analyses of the concepts of egocentrism, leadership, common Good and Ibuanyidanda Philosophy. The paper examines egocentrism in Nigeria’s political leadership, and identifies it as a menace which among other ravages, has consequences of economic, social and moral decline in the nation. The paper argues that Nigeria would have known growth and development in all spheres of her existence if the leaders had conscientiously given comprehensive and selfless services in their leadership mandates. The paper, therefore, concludes that Nigeria will only experience all-round development and attain an enviable height in the comity of nations when the Principle of Common Good in Ibuanyidanda Philosophy  which promotes inclusiveness, committedness and selflessness as against self-centredness, exclusiveness and ‘we-them’ mentality is adopted by policy makers, and ingrained in Nigeria’s political leadership.
The Ontological Basis and Justification of Law Michael M Uzomah
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.15274

Abstract

This paper responds to the linchpin and central problem of jurisprudence in all its variants (legal schools) which is the task of establishing the meaning, nature and validity of law. The notion of validity and obligation is not only crucial to the concept of law, but also essentially inalienable. In the naturalist perception of law as well as in the positivist explication of law, the notion of validity is given fundamental attention. However, the point of disagreement or conflict, between legal naturalism and legal positivism (which are the two most outstanding and contending legal thoughts) revolves around the question: Where exactly does or from where does the law acquire its obligatory or binding or legal force? Differently put, in what does the validity of the law subsists? What invests a legal stamp or seal on a piece of legislation? Or what confers legality on legal norms that justifies and commands their obedience? While the naturalist appeal to some extra-legal, moral and metaphysical elements as the foundation of the binding force and validity of law (the oughts), the legal positivist took a formal and empirical approach to the explanation of the obligation and validity of law (law as it is, without recourse to metaphysical or moral oughts, is valid and commands unconditional obedience). Consequently, as an attempt towards establishing the ontological nature and justification of law, this paper defends the naturalist jurisprudence. The paper argues that to properly configure the true nature of positive laws otherwise called the jurisprudential laws in relation to law per se, the philosopher transcend the formalistic and materialistic study of law (empirical and descriptive) to the transcendental (prescriptive) examination of law not just in its ontological descriptive dimension, but most essentially in relation to its normative or prescriptive form. In lieu, the paper further argue that consequent upon the prescriptive nature of the law of nature, and the concomitant rational nature of man, positive laws cannot but inexorably be morally biased. The methods adopted by the research include the expository analytic and prescriptive methods.
A Philosophical Analysis of Jacques Derrida’s Contributions to Language and Meaning John Gabriel Mendie; Stephen Nwanaokuo Udofia
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14528

Abstract

Far from being a banality or a philosophical naivety, there is a quintessential nexus between language and meaning, in the philosophy of Jacques Derrida (1930-2004). The thrust of Derrida’s idea is that, language is chaotic and meaning is never fixed, in a way that allows us to effectively determine it (that is, meaning is unstable, undecided, provisional and ever differed). As a Poststructuralist, Derrida’s quarrel was with Logocentrism, which privileges speech over writing, and hitherto assume that, we have an idea in our minds, which our writing or speaking attempts to express. But, this, for Derrida, is not the case, for no one possesses the full significance of their words. Texts, in some sense write themselves: that is, are independent of an author or his intentions. Thus, in Derrida’s thinking, intentionality does not play quite the same role, as is traditionally conceived in the philosophy of language; our intention does not determine the meaning of what we are saying. Instead, the meaning of the words we use, determines our intention, when we speak. This does not mean that we do not mean what we are saying, or that we cannot have intentions in communicating. But, since language is a social structure that developed long before and exists prior to our use of it as individuals, we have to learn to use it and tap into its web of meanings, in order to communicate with others; hence, the need for deconstruction. It is this process of deconstruction, which can point the way to an understanding of language, freed from all forms of structuralism, logocentrism, phonocentrism, phallogocentrism, the myth or metaphysics of presence and also open up a leeway, to the idea of différance. Thus, this paper, attempts an expository-philosophical analysis of Derrida’s eclectic contributions to language and meaning, by drawing insights from his magnus opus, captioned De la grammatologie (Of Grammatology).
Appropriating the Ethos of Confucius for the Rebuilding of the Nigerian Commonwealth Emmanuel Williams Udoh
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14794

Abstract

The Nigerian commonwealth has been bastardized by our national political and economic managers.  This has given rise to the current cry in search of unity, peace and patriotism of Nigerians.  It can be said again that things have fallen apart and the centre seems not to hold any longer.  The current wave of corruption, bloodshed, ethnic militia and communal and political subdivisions and carpet crossing at our political arena are clear signs of the deteriorating state of our Nigerian commonwealth.  Good Nigerians desire to see Nigeria return back to her former glory of oneness, prosperity and pride.  That is why this research explored the ethos of Confucius for the rebuilding of the Nigerian commonwealth.  This work which is anchored on the sociological theory of “Structural Functionalism” propounded by Emile Durkheim (1850-1917) and adopted the qualitative or exploratory research method in gathering information.  It employed the content analysis approach in examining available printed materials on the subject matter.  The findings from the research showed that Nigerians have deviated from the ethical values that had initially been the source of strength and toe the path of selfishness, ethnicity and division.  This new path became a path to corruption and disintegration. The research recommends an inclusiveness of human responsibility for improving life; adoption of an ideal political system founded on “ideals of personal conduct” rather than on formerly enacted laws; and adoption of a viable religious ethos that will revitalize the ailing economic, social and political status of the Nigerian commonwealth.
Communication in Religion and Its Integrative Implications for Society Peter. O. O. Ottuh; Mary O. Jemegbe
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14524

Abstract

Looking at religion from the lens of social theory system, one cannot but, postulate that religion is an expression of the relationship that exists between human beings and the divine. This religious expression by individuals accumulates into plethora of communication within a given society. This paper is solely concerned with communication in religion and religious communication and how they play integrative role in the social cohesion of human society. Methods adopted to achieve the above task are the phenomenological and evaluative methods with support of secondary sources. The research reveals that communication in religion and religious communication are strong and essential agents of social change in any human society; and that, they have also enhanced the lives of individuals in terms of social, moral, mental, spiritual, economic and cultural well-being. The paper concludes that the communicative power of religion should not be underrated by individuals, society and government. And that religion should be used to communicate effectively and positively for the integration and development of modern society.
Tradition and Discontinuity: Interrogating the Notions of Normal Science and Revolution in Thomas Kuhn Michael Sunday Sasa
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.15344

Abstract

The present paper is a representation of a systematic inquiry as well as an application of the main thrust in Thomas Kuhn’s discourse concerning the growth of human knowledge represented in philosophy of science. The paper begins by stating the points of tradition and normal science in Thomas Kuhn’s analysis of the growth of scientific knowledge. This is juxtaposed with the notions of discontinuity and revolution. A fundamental point in the paper is that Thomas Kuhn presents an analysis that bring to the fore a tradition of continuous discontinuity. This he expounded in the philosophy of paradigm shifts brought about by crisis and revolution, resulting in the overthrow of an existing hegemony and the birth of a new one. In all, Thomas Kuhn believes that science does not represent a paradigm of rationality because going through the history of science; we are not able to discover a particular paradigm or rationality that runs through the entirety of the history of science. If anything at all, science is made up of different paradigms of rationality, models of knowledge systems of method such that, the change from one scientific epoch to another cannot be a lineal rational or methodic one. Rather, it is a shift from one model to an opposing one; what he calls a gestalt switch which is a change in ‘form of life’, ‘language game’ or ‘conceptual scheme’. The paper however, presents the thesis that even if there is no outstanding form of rationality the history of science is seen to contain a certain continuous tradition. This has to do with the aim of any science. And so, be it the science of Ptolemy, Copernicus or Galileo, Einstein or Newton, there is the aim of human interest transcending all the epochs. To this extent, the paper argues a rationality of any scientific epoch or paradigm must derive from the quality of human interest it potent. Any science be it religion, mysticism or positivism that does not aim at human flourishing is not rational. The paper employs the method of text-analysis, conceptual clarification, constructive criticism and reconstructivism to bring forth its central argument.   
The influence of implementation school operational assistance policy towards students Achievement Sopyan Sopyan; Rifdan Rifdan; Muhammad Guntur
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14789

Abstract

The government issued a policy of BOS (School Operational Assistance) aims to maximize the performance of schools to meet all school needs that can support student learning achievement which ultimately results in good and quality educational goals. The purpose of this study was 1) to find out the implementation of the School Operational Assistance (BOS) policy at SMK Negeri 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency, 2) to determine the level of student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency, 3) to determine the effect of the policy School Operational Assistance (BOS) on the level of student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep in Pangkejene and Kepulauan Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach, with a population of 305 people and a sample of 62 respondents. Data collection techniques through observation, angekt, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study used descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results showed that 1) The implementation of BOS policy of the four indicators ranging from communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure as a whole was considered to be going well which reached a percentage of 77.33 percent, 2) Student achievement in SMK Negeri 5 Pangkep from cognitive, psychomotor, and affective indicators which overall of the three indicators reached report card which is 4 or 82.17 percent considered good. 3) The implementation of BOS policy has a moderate and positive influence on student achievement with an R square (r2) score of 42.10 percent. The influence of the management of BOS funds on student achievement in SMK 5 Pangkep has a positive impact because of the availability of facilities needed by students even though it is not adequate or complete as a whole, but its management has been maximally used in improving student achievement. In addition, with the BOS funds the costs incurred by parents of students are also aided so that there is encouragement so that their children can increase education at school and develop the talents and interests of the students.
Consolidating the Gains and Reshaping the Future of Democracy in Nigeria Peter B. Bisong; Asira E. Asira
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14796

Abstract

Nigeria has practiced uninterrupted democracy from 1999 to date. She has however, little to show for this long practice of what was hitherto perceived as the harbinger of good things. This paper argues that the slow growth of democracy in Nigeria, has nothing to do with a defect in democracy itself, but with the nature of Nigerians. Democracy viewed on its own is good, but the way it is practiced in Nigeria has made it not to flourish. The paper recommends steps to be taken by all Nigerians, in order to consolidate democracy and to reposition it for future dividend delivery.
Modern Religious Slavery in Nigeria: The Christian Perspective Emmanuel Williams Udoh
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.14525

Abstract

Gandhi's concept of nonviolence has a humanistic approach. He tried to change the very character of every Indian in the society where he lived. He said that man is basically a violent being, but gradually he can become non-violent if he desires. He recognizes that man is a conditional being and as such subject to the determination of the physical world. The ultimate end in man's life for Gandhi is realizing the Absolute. Pertinent to note that, Gandhi had spent quite some time in his tutelage in Southern Africa where his experiences impelled him to adopt non-violence as the only paradigm to overcome oppression and domination in his country India. British oppression and inhumanity were so severe and intensive that Gandhi was cautious about the use of violence, alternatively, he adopted non-violence to be the only imperative paradigm to dislodge the domination and inhumane treatment of the British against the Indians in South Africa. In this respect, I recommend Gandhi's non-violence principles as a fundamental paradigm towards peace in Africa. Peace in Africa is imperative for human and societal development especially as one sees Africa grappling with instabilities, insurgencies, terrorism, xenophobia, political upheavals, nepotism and gender agitations. In this article, I recognize Gandhi’s postulations on non-violence as an initiative which if adopted and its dictates are adhered to, could enhance peace in Africa.
John Rawls’s Concept of Justice as Fairness Edor J. Edor
PINISI Discretion Review Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/pdr.v4i1.16387

Abstract

John Rawls's theory of Justice is one of the most influential conceptions of justice. Scholars have continued to study it to understand the principles in the formation and to further frame it in the context of contemporary situations. This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion by presenting Rawls’ concept of “justice as fairness” as it evolved from the traditional conception of justice to the modern-shift in the concept. The paper also examines Rawls’s concept of justice as fairness, and it focuses on analyzing or studying the concept of justice as fairness in terms of the principles used in its formulations. Several criticisms developed by political philosophers to critique the idea were examined. In conclusion, it was argued that Rawls's invention of the veil-of-ignorance for the original position has affected the theory negatively.

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