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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007" : 6 Documents clear
PENGARUH RETARDAN PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TEMU LAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) SELAMA KONSERVASI IN VITRO SYAHID, SITTI FATIMAH
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (162.456 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.93-97

Abstract

ABSTRAKTemu lawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) merupakan salah satu jenistanaman obat potensial untuk dikembangkan. Rimpangnya berguna untukmengobati penyakit hepatitis dan memperbaiki sistem kekebalan tubuh.Untuk mendukung kegiatan plasma nutfah temulawak saat ini telahdilakukan upaya konservasi secara in vitro di laboratorium Kultur JaringanBalai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik, Bogor mulai bulan Juni2005 sampai April 2006. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah matatunas temulawak yang telah tersedia secara in vitro. Media dasar yangdigunakan adalah Murashige dan Skoog (MS) yang diperkaya vitamin darigroup B. Sebagai sumber energi digunakan sukrosa sebanyak 30 g/l.Perlakuan yang diuji adalah beberapa taraf konsentrasi paclobutrazolyaitu: Paclobutrazol 1,0 mg/l; 3,0 mg/l dan 5,0 mg/l. Sebagai kontrol digu-nakan media dasar MS tanpa paclobutrazol. Rancangan yang digunakanadalah acak lengkap dengan tujuh ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalahjumlah tunas, panjang tunas, jumlah daun dan akar pada umur 4 dan 7bulan serta penampilan kultur secara visual. Setelah dikonservasi selamatujuh bulan, maka dilakukan uji regenerasi kultur setelah perlakuanpaclobutrazol ke dalam media MS + BA 0,1 mg/l. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa penggunaan retardan paclobutrazol mampu menekanpertumbuhan kultur dan dapat mengurangi periode sub kultur yangbiasanya setiap dua bulan menjadi tujuh bulan. Konsentrasi paclobutrazol5,0 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi terbaik karena kultur masih mampuberegenerasi normal setelah konservasi. Hasil aklimatisasi plantlet dirumah kaca dapat tumbuh dengan baik. Plantlet tumbuh dan berkembangtanpa menunjukkan adanya penyimpangan dalam penampilan visualnya.Kata kunci: Temulawak, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, paclobutrazol, konser-vasi regenerasi, in vitro, pertumbuhan, Jawa BaratABSTRACTEffect of paclobutrazol on temulawak growth during invitro conservationTemulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) is one of medicinal plantwhich is potential to be developed. The rhizome is used to heal hepatitisand to improve the imune system of human body. To support themedicinal germplasm conservation, in vitro conservation of temulawakwas conducted in Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian ResearchInstitute for Medicinal and Aromatic, Bogor from June 2005 to April2006. Sterile shoots in vitro were used as plant explants. The basicmedium used was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplementedwith vitamine from B group. Sucrose as carbon sources, was given 30 g/linto the medium. The treatment tested were several concentrations ofpaclobutrazol: (1) Paclobutrazol 0.0 mg/l; 1.0 mg/l; 3.0 mg/l; dan 5.0 mg/l.The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design withseven replications. The parameters observed were number of shoots, shootlength, number of leaves and roots during conservation. After sevenmonths conserved, shoots were regenerated into regeneration medium.The result showed that paclobutrazol at 5.0 mg/l could reduce the plantgrowth during seven months in conservatioan period and the culture couldregenerate normally after transferring into multiplication medium. Thistechnique can be applied to prolong the conservation culture. Plantlets oftemoe lawak which were acclimatisized in the glass house grew wellwithout any changes in their performance.Key words : Temulawak, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, paclobutrazol , in vitroconservation, regeneration, growth, West Java
KAJIAN KELAYAKAN USAHATANI POLA TANAM SAMBILOTO DENGAN JAGUNG EKWASITA RINI PRIBADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.98-105

Abstract

ABSTRAKSambiloto (Andrografis paniculata Nees) secara alami hidup suburdi antara tegakan hutan. Hal ini megindikasikan bahwa tanaman ini toleranterhadap naungan. Kajian pola tanam jagung dan sambiloto diharapkanmendorong efisiensi produksi dan meningkatkan daya saing. Percobaandilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu Bogor pada tanah Latosol,ketinggian 240 m dpl, tipe iklim A. Penanaman pada bulan Nopember2003 dan panen mulai bulan Maret 2004 selama 5 kali panen denganselang setiap 2 bulan. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok(RAK) 6 kali ulangan dengan 4 perlakuan, yaitu : (1) monokultursambiloto, (2) sambiloto + jagung jarak tanam 150 cm x 20 cm, (3)sambiloto + jagung jarak tanam 120 cm x 20 cm, (4) sambiloto + jagungjarak tanam 90 cm x 20 cm. Bibit sambiloto disemaikan selama 2 bulandan ditanam dengan jarak tanam 30 cm x 40 cm, dipupuk dengan 10 tonpupuk kandang, 150 kg urea, 150 kg SP-36, dan 150 kg KCl per ha.Pupuk kandang, SP-36, dan KCl seluruhnya diberikan pada saat tanam.Urea diberikan masing-masing 1/3 bagian pada umur 0, 1, dan 2 BST(Bulan Sesudah Tanam). Untuk setiap ha tanaman jagung dipupuk dengan5 ton pupuk kandang, 300 kg SP-36, dan 200 kg KCl yang diberikan padasaat tanam, dan 300 kg urea diberikan masing-masing 1/2 bagian padaumur 0, dan 1 BST. Benih jagung (Hibrida lokal R-01) ditanam 2 butir perlubang tanam, ditanam 2 kali selama musim tanam yaitu pertama 2 minggusebelum penanaman sambiloto, dan penanaman kedua 75 hari setelahpenanam jagung yang pertama. Data input-output usahatani dianalis secaradeskriptif dilanjutkan dengan analisis B/C rasio dan sensitivitas. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan mutu simplisia semua pola tanam memenuhistandard Materia Medika Indonesia. Produktivitas sambiloto per m 2 makinmenurun dengan kerapatan pola tanam; pada pola monokultur diperolehhasil 1,1 kg/m 2 sedangkan pada pola tanam dengan jagung jarak tanam 90cm x 20 cm menghasilkan 0,5 kg/m 2 terna basah. Produktivitas jagung perm 2  meningkat dengan makin rapatnya pola tanam yaitu mencapai 13,3tongkol pada jagung jarak tanam 150 cm x 20 cm, dan 22,2 tongkol padajarak tanam jagung 90 cm x 20 cm. Biaya produksi sambiloto sebagianbesar untuk bibit (Rp. 300/tanaman); biaya bibit tertinggi pada pola tanammonokultur yaitu 66,5% dari total biaya usahatani dan terendah pada polatanam dengan jagung jarak tanam 90 cm x 20 cm yaitu 36%. Untukmenekan biaya usahatani disarankan petani melakukan penyemaian benihsendiri. Pola tanam sambiloto dengan jagung jarak tanam 90 cm x 20 cm,paling layak secara finansial dengan pendapatan bersih mencapaiRp1.188.360 dan B/C rasio 1,45 per 1.000 m2 lahan dan memberikansumbangan lebih dari 20% terhadap pendapatan petani sebagai managerusahatani, mempunyai daya adaptasi yang cukup fleksibel terhadapperubahan biaya produksi dan harga produk, serta memberikan tambahanpendapatan bersih (keuntungan sebesar) Rp.51.675/1.000 m 2 lahandibandingkan pola monokultur.Kata kunci : Sambiloto, Andrografis paniculata Nees, jagung, polatanam,usahatani, produksi, Jawa BaratABSTRACTFeasibility study of king bitter and corn cropping patternKing bitter (Andrografis paniculata Nees) is naturally grown wildlyunder forest trees. This indicates that the plant is shade tolerant. Thecropping pattern of the plant with corn was expected to improve itsproduction efficiency and compatibility. The experiment was conducted inthe Cimanggu Experimental Garden Bogor, Latosol soil type, elevation240 m above sea level, climate type A of Schmidt and Fergusson. Plantingwas done November 2003. The experiment was designed in a randomizedblock with 6 replications. Treatments were (1) monoculture of king bittercropping pattern, (2) king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing 150 cm x 20cm) cropping pattern, (3) king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing 120 cm x20 cm) cropping pattern, (4) king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing 90 cmx 20 cm) cropping pattern. King bitter was planted at 30 cm x 40 cmspacing, fertilized with 10 tons manure + 150 kg SP-36 + 150 kg KCl and150 kg urea fertilizer was applied one of third dosage in 0, 1, and 2 monthsafter planting. Corn was grown twice during the experiment; first wasplanted 2 weeks prior to planting of the king bitter, and second was 75days after the first planting. Corn was fertilized with 5 tons manure + 300kg SP36 + 200 kg KCl per ha, and 300 kg urea fertilizer was applied halfdosage in 0, and 1 months after planting. First harvest of the king bitterwas done in March 2004, followed with 5 harvests every 2 months.Farming efficiency was analyzed using descriptive analysis, B/C ratio andsensitivity analysis. The results showed that quality of dry raw material ofking bitter matched with MMI standard. Productivity of king bitterdecreased by the increasing population of corn in cropping pattern, inmonoculture bitter king productivity was 1.1 kg/m 2 decreased to 0.5 kg/m 2in cropping pattern king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing 90 cm x 20 cm).In opposite, the productivity of corn increased by the increasingpopulation of corn in cropping pattern, that were 13.3 cobs/m 2 in croppingpattern king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing 150 cm x 20 cm) increasedto 22.2 cobs /m 2  in cropping pattern king bitter and corn (in a plant spacing90 cm x 20 cm). Most of king bitter production cost (Rp. 300/polybag),isfor seedlings. In monoculture of king bitter, seedling cost of king bitterwas 66,5% of production cost, and in cropping pattern king bitter and corn(in a plant spacing 90 cm x 20 cm) the seedling cost was 36% ofproduction cost. To reduce production cost, farmers suggested to producethe seedlings by themselves. The study suggested that the best croppingpattern was king bitter planted with corn at 90 cm x 20 cm planting space.This cropping pattern financially acceptable as it raised income as much asRp.1,188,360, B/C ratio 1,45 per 1.000 m2 and gave more then 20% ofmanagement income which was more adaptable to fluctuation productioncost and price of product, and gave Rp. 51,675/1.000 m 2  net benefitcompared to monoculture of king bitterKey words: Sambiloto, Andrografis paniculata Nees, corn, croppingpattern, farming, production, West Java
KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN MOLEKULER ISOLAT Phytophthora palmivora ASAL KELAPA DAN KAKAO HIASINTA FJ MOTULO; MEITY S-SINAGA; GEDE SUASTIKA; HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR; ALEX HARTANA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.111-118

Abstract

ABSTRAKPhytophthora palmivora merupakan patogen penyebab penyakitgugur buah pada tanaman kelapa dan busuk buah pada tanaman kakao.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membedakan isolat P. palmivora asal kelapadan asal kakao berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekuler.Pengambilan sampel penyakit gugur buah kelapa dan busuk buah kakaodilakukan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan Jember, Jawa Timur, KabupatenMinahasa dan Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara, dan KabupatenGorontalo, Gorontalo. Analisis morfologi, ekstraksi DNA dan amplifikasiDNA dengan PCR dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi dan LaboratoriumVirologi, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Faperta IPB. Analisis perunutanDNA dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler, Balai BesarBioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik dan Laboratorium Bioteknologi,LIPI Serpong. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2005 sampaiFebruari 2007. Berdasarkan karakter morfologi seperti diameter koloni,panjang dan lebar sporangium, tipe koloni, bentuk sporangium, per-bandingan panjang dan lebar sporangium serta runutan DNA ruas ITSmenunjukkan bahwa keduapuluh-dua koleksi isolat yang menunjukkangejala penyakit gugur buah kelapa dan busuk buah kakao adalah P.palmivora. Isolat P. palmivora asal kelapa berbeda dengan isolat P.palmivora asal kakao berdasarkan diameter koloni, panjang dan lebarsporangium serta runutan DNA ruas ITS. Duapuluh-dua isolat P.palmivora asal kelapa dan asal kakao mempunyai sporangium yang mudahlepas dari sporangiospora (caducous), pedikel yang pendek dan papilaserta bervariasi dalam bentuk dan ukuran sporangium. Bentuk sporangiumterdiri dari 4 tipe yaitu ovoid, limoniform, obturbinate, dan obpyriform.Ukuran sporangium berkisar antara 40 – 62 µm panjang dan 28 – 43 µmlebar. Isolat P. palmivora memiliki tipe koloni rosaceous, stelate dancottony. Rata-rata diameter koloni isolat asal kelapa 54.8 cm lebih tinggidari isolat asal kakao 43,4 cm. Hasil perunutan DNA hasil PCRmenunjukkan adanya keragaman genetik antar isolat asal kelapa dan kakaodi Indonesia. Isolat asal kakao berbeda dengan isolat asal kelapaberdasarkan perunutan DNA ruas ITS. Isolat P. palmivora asal kelapa dankakao dari Indonesia tidak berada dalam satu kelompok dengan isolatyang berasal dari Thailand, Taiwan, Korea, Puerto Rico, Ghana, danCameron.Kata kunci : Kelapa, Cocos nucifera, kakao, Theobroma cacao, penyakit,P. palmivora, morfologi, molekuler, keragaman, runutanDNA-ITS, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Utara, Gorontalo, JawaBaratABSTRACTMorphology  and  molecular  characteristics  of  P.palmivora isolates from coconut and cacaoPhytophthora palmivora, is the pathogen of coconut nutfall andcacao black pod diseases. This study was conducted to differentiate theisolates of P. palmivora from coconut and those from cacao fruit based onmorphology and molecular characteristics. Samples of nutfall of coconutand black pod of cacao were collected from Banyuwangi and JemberDistricts, East Java, Minahasa and Bolaang Mongondow Districts, NorthSulawesi, and Gorontalo District, Gorontalo. Morphological analysis,DNA extraction and amplification of PCR-DNA were conducted inMicology Laboratorium and Virology Laboratorium, Plant ProtectionDivision, Faperta IPB. Sequencing DNA analysis was conducted inMolecular Biology Laboratory, Balai Besar Bioteknologi dan SumberdayaGenetik and Biotechnology Laboratory LIPI Serpong. This research wasconducted from April 2005 to February 2007. Comparative morphologicalevaluated i.e. diameter of colony, length and width of sporangium, l/wratio, type of colony and sequence Internal Transcribed Sequence (ITS)-DNA showed that all isolates of Phytophthora isolated from coconut andcacao  in  Indonesia  were  Phytophthora  palmivora.  Morphologycharacteristics of pathogen isolates from cacao were smaller andsignificantly different in length, width, length/width ratio ofsporangium and diameter of colony compared to coconut’s isolates.Sporangia of 22 isolates were caducous with short pedicel, but werevariable in shape and size. The culture produced ovoid, limoniform,obturbinate, dan obpyriform sporangia, average 40-62 µm in length and28-43 µm in width. The colony types were stelate, cottony and rossaceouswith average diameter of coconut isolates 54.8 cm and cacao isolates 43.4cm. Specific fragment of 900 bp was successfully amplify from coconutand cacao infected by P. palmivora. The DNA sequence analysis of thenuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region showed that thecoconut isolates were not in the same cluster with the cacao isolates. Basedon sequence analysis, the P. palmivora isolates from Indonesia showeddifferent cluster from those of Taiwan, Ghana, Puerto Rico and Costa Ricaisolates.Key words :  Coconut, Cocos nucifera, cacao, Theobroma cacao,diseases, P. palmivora, diversity, morphology, molecular,sequencing  ITS-DNA,  East  Java,  North  Sulawesi,Gorontalo, West Jav
KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KAPAS TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA) I G.A.A. INDRAYANI; SIWI SUMARTINI; B. HELIYANTO B. HELIYANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.81-87

Abstract

ABSTRAKAmrasca biguttula (Ishida) adalah serangga hama pengisap daunyang sangat potensial menurunkan produktivitas kapas. Pengendaliannyasecara kimiawi menimbulkan banyak masalah lingkungan, sepertipencemaran dan peningkatan resistensi hama terhadap insektisida kimiasintetis. Salah satu solusi dalam masalah tersebut adalah penggunaanvarietas tahan (resisten) yang juga merupakan bagian dari pengendalianhama terpadu (PHT) pada kapas. Penelitian ketahanan beberapa aksesikapas terhadap A. biguttula (Ishida) dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, mulaiJanuari hingga Desember 2006. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahuiketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap serangan hama pengisap daun,A. biguttula. Sebagai perlakuan adalah 30 aksesi kapas yang ditanamdalam plot berukuran 10 m x 3 m, dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 25 cm,satu tanaman per lobang. Setiap aksesi disusun dalam rancangan acakkelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlahnimfa A. biguttula per daun, jumlah bulu daun per cm 2 luas daun, danposisi bulu terhadap lamina (tegak/rebah), serta skor kerusakan tanaman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap aksesi kapas berpotensiterserang A. biguttula, meskipun tingkat populasi hama ini tidakmenunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar aksesi. Terjadi korelasi negatif (R 2 =0,2425) antara jumlah bulu daun dan populasi nimfa A. biguttula danantara jumlah bulu daun dan skor kerusakan tanaman (R 2 = 0,2027).Berdasarkan jumlah bulu daun, aksesi kapas yang termasuk kategorisedikit berbulu dengan kriteria ketahanan sedikit tahan adalah: AC 134,Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, dan Kanesia 9.Sedangkan aksesi lainnya termasuk kategori tidak berbulu dan pekaterhadap serangan A. biguttula.Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, aksesi, hama, Amrascabiguttula (Ishida), toleran, peka, kerusakan, Jawa TimurABSTRACTResistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insectpest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida)Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) is a sucking insect pest which potentiallyreduces cotton productivity. Its chemical control often cause environ-mental problems mainly air pollution and increase of pest resistance tocertain chemical insecticides. One solution can be used to solve theseproblems is by using resistant variety that is also an integral part of theintegrated pest management (IPM). Study on the resistance of severalcotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) wasconducted at the Experimental Station of the Indonesian Tobacco andFiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) in Asembagus, Situbondo, EastJava, from January to December 2006. The objective of the study was tofind out the resistance of cotton accessions to sucking insect pest. Thirtyaccessions of cotton were used as treatment and were planted in plots 10 mx 3 m with plant spacing 100 cm x 25 cm, one plant per hole. Eachaccession was arranged in a randomized block design with threereplications. Parameters observed were number of nymph of A. biguttula,number of leaf hair, leaf hairs position (erect or lie down), and score ofdamage. The result showed that every accession of cotton can be attackedby A. biguttula although the insect population was not significantlydifferent among accessions. There is negative correlation (R 2 = 0.2425)between number of leaf hair and population of A. biguttula and betweennumber of leaf hair and score of plant damage (R 2 = 0.2027). Accessionsthat categorized as lightly hairy and moderately resistant to A. biguttulawere AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8,and Kanesia 9, while the others were categorized as glabrous andsusceptible to the sucking pest.Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, accession, insect pest, Amrascabiguttula (Ishida), tolerant, sensitive, damage, East Jav
RESPON TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) HASIL RIMPANG KULTUR JARINGAN GENERASI KEDUA TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN ENDANG HADIPOENTYANTI; SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.106-110

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai respon temulawak hasil rimpang kulturjaringan generasi kedua terhadap pemupukan telah dilaksanakan di lahanpetani Sumur Wangi, Kecamatan Tanah Sareal, Bogor dari bulan Oktober2002 sampai bulan September 2003. Bahan tanaman yang digunakansebagai benih adalah rimpang induk temulawak hasil kultur jaringangenerasi kedua. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah : (1) tanpa pupuk (kontrol),(2) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman, (3) pupuk kandang kambing 2kg/tanaman, (4) pupuk kandang kambing 1 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatanyaitu urea 2 g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman dan,(5) pupuk kandang kambing 2 kg/tanaman + pupuk buatan urea 2g/tanaman, SP-36 1,8 g/tanaman dan KCL 2,7 g/tanaman. Rancangan yangdigunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiapulangan terdiri atas sepuluh tanaman. Jarak tanam yang digunakan adalah60 cm x 60 cm. Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase tumbuh, jumlahanakan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun serta lingkarbatang pada umur empat bulan, bobot rimpang per tanaman, panjang, lebardan diameter rimpang, jumlah rimpang induk serta analisa mutu yangmeliputi kadar air, kadar minyak atsiri dan kurkumin pada umursembilan bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah anakan,tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan panjang daun tidak dipengaruhi olehaplikasi pemupukan. Respon tanaman terhadap aplikasi pemupukanberpengaruh terhadap parameter lebar daun dan lingkar batang.Selanjutnya pemupukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat rimpang,panjang rimpang, lebar rimpang serta jumlah rimpang induk namuntidak berpengaruh terhadap diameter rimpang. Kandungan kurkuminpaling tinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan tanpa pemupukan.Kata kunci : Temulawak,  Curcuma  xanthorrhiza,  kultur  jaringan,pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu, Jawa BaratABSTRACTResponse of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)derived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation tofertilizer aplicationThe experiment was conducted to study the response of temulawakderived from rhizome in vitro of the second generation to fertilizerapplication. It was carried out in a farmer field at Sumur Wangi, Bogorfrom October 2002 to September 2003. Plant materials used were obtainedfrom in vitro rhizome of the second generation. Treatments tested werefive level of manure fertilizer and artificial fertilizer : (1) without fertilizer(control), (2) stable manure 1 kg/plant, (3) stable manure 2 kg/plant, (4)stable manure 1 kg/plant + artificial fertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant and (5) stable manure 2 kg/plant + artificialfertilizer i.e urea 2 g/plant, SP-36 1.8 g/plant and KCL 2.7 g/plant. Theexperiment was designed using a randomized block design with threereplications, ten plants per replication. Plant spacing was 60 cm x 60 cm.The parameters observed were growth percentage, number of tillers, plantheight, number of leaves, length and width of leaves, stem coil at fourmonths of age, rhizome weight, length and width, rhizome diameter andnumber of main rhizomes. In addition, quality analysis was also conductedon water, essential, oil and curcumin content, nine months of age. Resultshowed that fertilizer treatment did not significantly increase the numberof tillers, plant height, leaf number, rhizome length and diameter comparedwith without fertilizer, but it significantly increased the leaf width, stemcoil, rhizome weight, length and width and also the number of mainrhizomes. The highest curcumin content was achieved by those withoutfertilizer treatment.Key words : Temulawak, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, tissue culture, fertilizerapplication, growth, yield, quality, West Java
VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI GENOTIPIK SIFAT-SIFAT PENTING TANAMAN WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.) SUDARMADJI SUDARMADJI; RUSIM MARDJONO; HADI SUDARMO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n3.2007.88-92

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan pengujian terhadap genotip-genotip hasilpersilangan tanaman wijen, dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasimengenai variasi genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi genotipik beberapa sifatpenting hasil persilangan tanaman wijen. Penelitian dilakukan di KebunPercobaan Pasirian, Lumajang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April 2002 –Agustus 2003. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelom-pok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagianbesar sifat yang diamati mempunyai variasi genetik yang cukup besar, (2)nilai heritabilitas (dalam arti luas) tinggi terdapat pada sifat tinggi tanaman,umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah cabang per tanaman, jumlah polongper tanaman, panjang polong, berat 1000 biji, dan hasil biji per hektar,sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi pada generasi awal, dan(3) korelasi genotipik terhadap hasil biji per hektar terjadi pada sifat tinggitanaman dan berat 1000 biji pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 13, sedangkanpada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 22, dan Sbr 1 X Si 26 terjadi korelasi genotipikantara hasil biji per hektar dengan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang pertanaman.Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., persilangan, genotip, variasigenetik, heritabilitas, korelasi genotipik, pertumbuhan, hasil,Jawa TimurABSTRACTGenetic variations, heritability and genotypic correlationsof important characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicumL.)The experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic variations,heritability, and genotypic correlations of important characteristics ofsesame. The experiment was located at Pasirian Research Station,Lumajang, East Java from April 2002 – August 2003. Randomized blockdesign with three replications was used in the experiment. The result of theexperiment showed that: (1) generally, the genetic variations for all traitswere high enough, (2) the heritability values (in broad sense) on plantheight, flowering time, harvest time, number of branches per plant, numberof pods per plant, length of pods, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield perhectare were high, indicating that the inheritance of these traits were simpleinheritance and selection can be performed in early generation, and (3) inSbr 1 X Si 13 crosses, plant height and 1000-seeed weight had genotypiccorrelation with grain yield per hectare, then plant height and number ofbranches per plant had genotypic correlation with grain yield per hectare inSbr 1 X Si 22, and Sbr 1 X Si 26 crosses.Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., crossing, genotype, geneticvariations, heritability, genotypic correlation, growth, yield,East Jav

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