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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PRIORITAS KEBIJAKAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PERBENIHAN LADA DI KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN / Policy Priorities for Developing Pepper Seed System in The Regency of South Bangka Agus Wahyudi; Suci Wulandari
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 2 (2017): Desember, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (318.133 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n2.2017.72-82

Abstract

Pepper farming is dominant in South Bangka Regency. Pepper production in South Bangka reached 50.92% of total production in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, but productivity only achieved 1.29 ton/ha. One of essential factors to pursue the improvement of pepper production is recomended seeds, on the other side the seed systems is not developed yet. To support the development of pepper farming system required a reliable seed system. The objective of the study are to analyze the system of pepper seed, and to set priority policy development of pepper seed system. The method used to develop policy priorities is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is supported by descriptive statistics.The performance of pepper seed system in South Bangka Regencyhas not been able to produce quality seeds that are easily accessible by farmers. The using of superior seeds is still low. This is related to the limited availability of seeds, price of seed, availability of certain seeds sources, knowledge of the benefits of high quality seeds, and limited information about seeds. Government is the institution that most influence the development of seed system. The price of white pepper is a factor most influences pepper seed system, followed by the performance of pepper seed production, pepper seed quality, and competition among seed producers. The policy required to support major pepper development is developingparent garden, followed by enhancing seed breeder capability, improving seed quality control system, developing seed infrastructure, creating partnership, developing seed information system, and increasing access to credit.Keywords: seed, pepper, seed system, policy development AbstrakUsahatani lada mendominasi pertanian di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan. Produksi lada Bangka Selatan mencapai 50,92% dari total produksi di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, namun produktivitas usahatani lada saat ini baru mencapai1,29 ton/ha dan berpotensi untuk ditingkatkan. Salah satu penyebab rendahnya produktivitas adalah masih tingginya penggunaan benih asalan di tingkat petani karena sistem perbenihan yang menghasilkan benih bermutu belum berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem perbenihan lada dan menyusun prioritas kebijakan pengembangan sistem perbenihan lada. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyusun prioritas kebijakan adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang ditunjang dengan statistik deskriptif. Kinerja sistem perbenihan lada di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan yang saat ini berjalan belum mampu menghasilkan benih bermutu yang mudah diakses oleh petani, walaupun sudah terdapat beberapa pelaku yang mengarah untuk terbangunnya sistem perbenihan tersebut. Penggunaan bibit unggul yang masih rendah terkait dengan keterbatasan ketersediaan benih bina, tingginya harga benih bina, belum tersedianya sumber benih jenis tertentu, pengetahuan masyarakat akan manfaat benih unggul bermutu yang masih rendah, serta keterbatasan informasi mengenai benih. Pemerintah merupakan lembaga yang memberikan pengaruh terbesar dalam pengembangan sistem perbenihan. Harga lada putih menjadi faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi pengembangan sistem perbenihan lada, diikuti oleh kinerja produksi benih lada, mutu benih lada, dan persaingan antar produsen benih. Kebijakan utamayang diperlukan untuk mendukung pengembangan lada adalah pembangunan kebun induk, dan diikuti dengan kebijakan lain yaitu: peningkatan kemampuan penangkar benih, perbaikan sistem pengawasan mutu benih, pembangunan infrastruktur benih, pengembangan kemitraan, pengembangan sistem informasi perbenihan dan peningkatan akses kredit.Kata kunci: benih, lada, sistem perbenihan, pengembangan kebijakan
KARAKTERISTIK FISIOLOGIS ISOLAT Sclerotium sp. ASAL TANAMAN SAMBILOTO HARTATI, SRI YUNI; TAUFIK, E.; SUPRIADI, SUPRIADI; KARYANI, N.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 1 (2008): Maret 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (167.12 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n1.2008.25-29

Abstract

ABSTRAKSclerotium sp. merupakan jamur patogen baru pada tanamansambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) yang dapat mengakibatkankematian. Penyebaran jamur ini masih terbatas di KP Cimanggu, Bogordan KP Cicurug, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmengetahui  pengaruh  beberapa  faktor  lingkungan  seperti  suhu,kelembaban udara (RH), pH, dan cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan isolatSclerotium sp. asal sambiloto pada media PDA serta kisaran inangnya.Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai PenelitianTanaman Obat dan Aromatik (Balittro), Tahun 2005. Faktor lingkunganyang diuji yaitu suhu ruangan (20, 28, 35 dan 40) o C, kelembaban udara(RH 55, 75, 85, dan 100)%, pH (4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8) dan kondisi cahaya(terang, gelap, dan terang dan gelap selang 12 jam secara bergantian). Ujikisaran inang dilakukan terhadap 3 varietas jagung (ketan, pematung, dansokong) dan 3 varietas kacang tanah (jerapah, kelinci, dan simpai) sertatanaman sambiloto sebagai pembanding. Inokulasi dilakukan dengan caramenempelkan sclerotia jamur di bagian pangkal batang tanaman uji dekatpermukaan tanah. Pengamatan pertumbuhan jamur pada media agar yangdiperlakukan dan pengamatan intensitas serangan penyakit dilakukansetiap hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Sclerotium sp. asaltanaman sambiloto tumbuh baik pada suhu (20-35) 0 C, RH (55-100)%, danpada kisaran pH 4-8 serta pada kondisi terang atau gelap secara terusmenerus maupun bergantian selang 12 jam. Hasil uji kisaran inangmenunjukkan bahwa Sclerotium sp. dapat menyebabkan kematian tidakhanya pada tanaman sambiloto, tetapi juga pada dua varietas kacang tanah(simpai dan jerapah), sedangkan pada jagung tidak menyebabkan kematian(tahan). Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa isolat Sclerotium sp.yang berasal dari tanaman sambiloto mempunyai kemampuan bertahanhidup dan berkembang pada kondisi lingkungan yang luas (broadspectrum). Ketidakmampuan jamur tersebut menginfeksi tanaman jagungvarietas ketan, pematung, dan sokong dapat digunanakan sebagai salahsatu cara pengendalian patogen dengan sistem tumpangsari dan rotasi.Kata kunci : Sambiloto, Andrographis paniculata Ness, Sclerotium sp.,karakteristik, fisiologis, Jawa BaratABSTRACTPhysiological Characteristics of Sclerotium sp. Isolatedfrom SambilotoSclerotium sp. is a new destructive fungal patogen on sambiloto(Andrographis paniculata Ness.). The distribution of the patogen was stilllimited in Cicurug, Sukabumi and Cimanggu, Bogor, West Java. The aimof this experiment was to observe the growth of Sclerotium sp fromsambiloto under different environmental factors such as temperature,relative humidity, light condition, and pH on PDA medium as well as itshost range. The experiment was conducted in Indonesian Medicinal andAromatic Crops Research Institute (IMACRI) in 2005. The environmentalfactors tested were temperature (20, 28, 35, and 40) o C; relative humidity(55, 75, 85, and 100)%; pH (4-8); and light condition (continuosly on oroff and 12 hours on and off alternatively). The pathogenicity of theSclerotium sp. was tested against 3 varieties of corn (ketan, pematung, andsokong) and 3 varieties of peanut (jerapah, kelinci, and simpai) as well assambiloto as a comparison. Sclerotia of the fungus were inoculated on thestem base of the plant tested. Observation of the growth of the fungusunder different environmental factors and disease intensity on inoculatedplants was conducted everyday. The results showed that the growth ofSclerotium sp. isolate from sambiloto was affected by differentenvironmental factors. The isolate grew well at (20-35) 0 C, relativehumidity ranged from (55-100)%, pH ranged from 4-8, and lightcondition of both continuosly on or off as well as 12 hours on and offalternativelly. The isolate was pathogenic against sambiloto as well asagainst 2 varieties of peanut (simpai and jerapah), however, it was notpathogenic against all the corn varieties tested. The result indicated thatthe isolate of Sclerotium sp. from sambiloto was a broad spectrum fungalpathogen. The resistency of the corn varieties would be of value forcontrolling the disease through mixed cropping or rotation systems.Key words: Sambiloto, Andrographis paniculata Ness, Sclerotium sp.,physiological characteristics, West Java
WAKTU TANAM KAPAS DI SULAWESI SELATAN PRIMA D. RIAJAYA; M. SHOLEH; F. T. KADARWATI; M. RIZAL
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2001): Juni,2001
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1857.51 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v7n2.2001.35-42

Abstract

Cotton Planting Times in South SulawesiClimatic elements particularly the rainfall strongly influences successful production of rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Planting times determined based on more than 20 years daily rainfall data. The rainfall was analyzed using Markov Chain First Order Probability and dryspell probability methods The rainfall data were collected from 46 rainfall stations over Jeneponto, Soppeng, Wajo, Gowa, Bone. Bulukumba. Bantaeng, and Takalar. The planting times varied from the irst week to the fourth week of December for Jeneponto, Takalar, and mostly Gowa. The planting times in Soppeng and Wajo were ranged from the third week of February to the third week of March. Morever, cotton planting times in Bone and Bulukumba were ranged from the third week of March to the third week of April.
PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FILANTIN DAN HIPOFILANTIN AKSESI MENIRAN (Phyllanthus sp. L) PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT NAUNGAN OKTAVIDIATI, EVA; CHOZIN, M.A.; WIJAYANTO, N.; GHULAMAHDI, M.; DARUSMAN, L.K.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.25-31

Abstract

ABSTRAKMeniran adalah anggota dari famili Euphorbiaceae. Lignan, berupafilantin dan hipofilantin yang ada di dalam tanaman, dilaporkan sebagaiagen hepatoprotektif dalam terapi pengobatan yang utama. Eksplorasitelah dilakukan terhadap 13 aksesi meniran pada berbagai tipe habitat yangberbeda di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Gresik, Provinsi Jawa Timur.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari aksesi dan tarafnaungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan filantin dan hipofilantintanaman meniran (Phyllanthus sp. L). Penelitian dilakukan di KebunPercobaan IPB di Babakan Sawah Baru, Bogor, Jawa Barat denganketinggian tempat 250 m dml dari Maret 2009 sampai September 2009.Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan 3 kali ulangan.Petak utama adalah 3 taraf naungan (N) terdiri atas : 0% (N0), 25%naungan (N1) dan 50% naungan (N2). Anak petak adalah 13 aksesimeniran (A) terdiri atas : A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11,A12, dan A13 berasal dari Bangkalan dan Gresik. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa naungan 50% meningkatkan tinggi tanaman danmenurunkan jumlah daun majemuk. Terjadi interaksi naungan dan aksesiterhadap jumlah cabang. Uji Duncan menghasilkan 3 kelompok aksesiyang mempunyai respon berbeda terhadap naungan. Aksesi nomor 6 dan 7merupakan aksesi yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produksi biomassayang lebih besar dibandingkan aksesi lainnya. Aksesi nomor 7 mempunyaikandungan total filantin dan hipofilantin tertinggi, karena pengaruhnaungan dapat menurunkan kandungan total filantin dan meningkatkankandungan total hipofilantin.Kata kunci : Phyllanthus sp. L., filantin, hipofilantin, naungan, aksesiABSTRACTPlant growth and total phyllanthin and hypophyllanthincontents of Phyllanthus sp. L accession on variousshading levelsMeniran (Phyllanthus sp. L) is family member of Euphorbiaceae.The lignan, consisting of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in the plant, wasreported as therapeutically active constituent and serve as hepatoprotectiveagent. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect ofshading intensities on plant growth and phyllanthin and hypophyllanthincontents of Phyllanthus sp. accessions. The experiment was arranged insplit plot design with three replicates. The main plot was shading intensityconsisting of 0% (N0), 25% (N1), and 50% (N2) shades. The sub plot wasof Phyllanthus sp. accessions (A) consisting of A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6,A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12, and A13 taken from Bangkalan and Gresik.The results showed that 50% shade increased plant height but decreasednumber of leaves. Interaction between shading intensity and accessiongave significant effect on number of branches. Referring to their responseson shades, all accessions were divided into 3 groups by DMRT. Biomassproductions of accessions number 6 and 7 were greater than the otheraccessions. Accession number 7 was the highest in phyllanthin andhypophyllanthin contents where the shading reduced the phyllanthin butincreased the hypophyllanthin contents.Key words: Phyllanthus sp., phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, shading,accessions
STABILITAS HASIL BEBERAPA GALUR WIJEN . SUPRIJONO; RUSIM MARDJONO; HADI SUDARMO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (860.577 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.127-130

Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim tanam 2003 di 4 lokasi yaitu, Kabupaten Lumajang, Bojonegoro, Nganjuk dan Sragen. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk memperoleh galur-galur unggul yang dapat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan pengembangan wijen dengan produktivitas tinggi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tcrdiri dari 12 galur harapan yaitu SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI 20, SI.21, SI.24, SI.25, SI.26, S1.28, SI.31, SI.13, SI.40, dan sebagai pembanding digunakan 2 varietas komersial yaitu Sumberrejo 1 dan Sumberrejo 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 galur unggul yaitu galur SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI.24 potensi hasil sama dengan varietas Sbr. I mempunyai adaptasi luas (galur stabil). Empat galur lainnya dapat bcrproduksi tinggi apabila ditanam pada kondisi lingkungan sesuai (spesifik lokasi). Galur SI. 21 dan SI 25 sesuai untuk daerah Nganjuk dan Sragen, galur SI 20 untuk daerah Bojonegoro dan Nganjuk, dan SI 28 untuk daerah Lumajang.Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., galur, hasil, spesifik lokasi ABSTRACT Yield Stabibity of Sesame LinesThe experiment was conducted at four locations of sesame development area, viz. Lumajang, Bojonegoro, Nganjuk and Sragen districts, in 2003 planting seasons. The aim of this experiment was to find out the sesame lines having high productictivity and suitable for the development areas. Twelve promising lines, namely SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI.20, SI.21, SI.24, SI.25, SI.26, SI.28, SI.3I, SI.13, SI.40, and two control varieties (Sumberrejo 1 and Sumbenejo 2) were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The result of this experimental found out 4 superior lines (SI 14, SI 16, SI 18, and SI 24) that have the same potential as Sbr I variety, gave broad adaption to all locations (stable lines). Nevertheless the other four lines evaluated showed as the specific location lines. Those lines arc SI 21 and SI 25 that are appropriate for nganjuk and Sragen; SI 20 that is appropriate for Bojonegoro and Nganjuk, and SI 28 that is appropriate for Lumajang.Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., line, yield, specific location
ANALISIS MUTU GULA TANJUNG DARI TIGA VARIETAS TEBU / Analysis of Tanjung Sugar Quality of Three Sugarcane Varieties Garusti Garusti; Yoga A. Yogi; Nurindah Nurindah
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (410 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v25n2.2019.91-99

Abstract

Tanjung sugar usually called “semut” sugar, is brown sugarcane in the form of fine powder with water content lower than block sugar. Tanjung sugar can be used to replace white sugar. The process of making tanjung sugar followed a standard method. Analysis of tanjung sugar quality from different sugarcane varieties has never been reported. This study aimed to analyze the quality of tanjung sugar produced from sugarcane varieties PS 864, PS 862, and BL. This research was carried out in the Sugar Production Unit at the Muktiharjo Experimental Station, Pati from May to October 2018. The process of making tanjung sugar from the three sugarcane varieties included squeezing the juice with a pressing machine with a capacity of 0.5 tons/day (0.5 TCD), cooking the juice in a pan on the stove at the temperature of  90-1100C for 3-4 hours until the juice has thickened. Then cooling the thickened juice in a cold pan for 15-30 minutes, and lastly stirring it until the brown sugar became granules. The sugar quality-analyzed were the color, content, ash, sugar reduction, and sucrose content. Data obtained were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that tanjung sugar made from sugarcane PS 862 variety was the best quality compared to those of  PS 864 and BL varieties. Tanjung sugar from varieties PS 862 had a light-brown color with a color index of 42.500, the water content of 3.90%, sucrose 87.10%, reducing sugar content of 4.40%, and ash content of 1.80%.Keywords: Brown sugar, sugarcane juice, sucrose, reducing sugar. AbstrakGula tanjung adalah gula merah tebu dalam bentuk serbuk halus dengan kadar air lebih rendah dari gula cetak, dan sering disebut gula semut. Gula tanjung ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti pemakaian gula pasir. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung mengikuti metode standar. Analisis mutu gula tanjung dari varietas tebu di daerah pengembangan belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu gula tanjung yang dihasilkan dari tebu varietas PS 864, PS 862 dan BL. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Unit Pengolahan Gula Merah Tebu di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Muktiharjo, Pati pada Mei-Oktober 2018. Proses pembuatan gula tanjung dari ketiga varietas tebu tersebut meliputi pemerasan nira dengan mesin pemerah berkapasitas 0,5 ton/hari (0,5 TCD), dimasak dalam wajan di atas tungku dengan suhu bahan 90-110oC selama 3-4 jam sampai nira mengental. Pendinginan dalam wajan dingin dilakukan sampai nira lebih mengental (15-30 menit) dan pengadukan dilakukan sampai gula merah tebu menjadi butiran gula tanjung. Mutu gula tanjung yang dianalisis yaitu warna dengan metode ICUMSA, kadar air dengan metode oven, kadar abu dengan tanur, kadar gula pereduksi dan sukrosa dengan metode Luff Schoorl. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan independen t tes. Gula tanjung yang dibuat dari varietas tebu PS 862 mempunyai mutu terbaik dibandingkan varietas PS 864 dan BL. Gula tanjung dari tebu varietas PS 862 mempunyai warna coklat muda-tua dengan indeks warna 42.500, kadar air 3.90%, sukrosa 87.10%, kadar gula reduksi 4.40%, dan kadar abu 1.80%.Kata kunci:  Gula merah tebu, mutu nira, sukrosa, gula reduksi.
EVALUASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK PLASMA NUTFAH KELAPA GENJAH DI KEBUN PERCOBAAN MAPANGET BERDASARKAN PENANDA DNA SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) KUMAUNANG, JEANETTE; MASKROMO, ISMAIL; MANAROINSONG, ENGELBERT
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 12, No 3 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (201.009 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v12n3.2006.116-120

Abstract

ABSTRAKKeragaman genetik sangat penting dalam program pemuliaankelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetikplasma nutfah kelapa Genjah yang ditanam secara ex situ di kebun koleksiMapanget, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain, Manado.Delapan aksesi kelapa Genjah dianalisis keragamannya berdasarkanpenanda DNA SSRs menggunakan 3 primer atau lokus. Hasil analisismenunjukkan bahwa 3 primer SSRs yang digunakan semuanya polimorfikdan menghasilkan 4 - 5 alel per lokus. Kelapa Genjah Salak (GSK)menunjukkan heterozigous pada ke tiga lokus, sedangkan Genjah HijauJombang (GHJ) pada lokus CNZ 51. Dua pohon sampel dari masing-masing aksesi yang dianalisis memiliki kemiripan genetik sebesar 100%kecuali aksesi (GHJ) yang hanya memiliki kemiripan 93 %. Aksesi GSKyang sangat berbeda dengan aksesi lainnya dengan kemiripan hanya 45%.Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aksesi kelapa GSK dan GHJ memilikibeberapa karakter yang berbeda dan spesifik dibandingkan dengan aksesilainnya, sehingga diperlukan seleksi yang ketat sebelum digunakansebagai materi pemuliaanKata kunci : Kelapa,Cocos nucifera L.,plasma nutfah, keragaman genetik,kelapa Genjah, penanda DNA SSRs, Sulawesi UtaraABSTRACTGenetic diversity evaluation of dwarf coconut germplasmat Mapanget Experimental Garden based on SSRs(Simple Sequence Repeats) markerGenetic diversity is very important in coconut breeding program.The aim of this research was to study genetic diversity of Dwarf Coconutthat have been planted on Mapanget Experimental Garden, IndonesianCoconut and Palmae Research Institute Manado. Eight Dwarf accessionswere analyzed their to find out genetic diversity based on SSRs markerusing three primers or locus. The results showed that three primers SSRswere polymophic and gave 4 -5 allels per locus. Salak Green Dwarf (SGD)showed heterozygous in three loci, while Jombang Green Dwarf (JGD) inlocus CNZ 51. Two sample plants of each accession had genetic similarity100% except JGD only had similarity of 93%. SGD was different withother accessions and only had genetic similarity of 45%. SGD and JGDhad several and specific characters that were different compared to theother accessions and have to be selected before they are used as breedingmaterials.Key words : Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., germplasm, genetic diversitydwarf coconut, marker SSRs
PENGARUH SUBKULTUR DAN LAMA PERIODE KULTUR PADA DAYA MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS LADA (Piper nigrum L.) ASAL BIJI VARIETAS PETALING I NATALINI NOVA KRISTINA; NURLIANI BERMAWIE
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 3 (1999): Desember, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1678.988 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n3.1999.98-102

Abstract

Effect subculture and culture period on shoot multipli¬ cation in black pepper Petaling IAn expeiment on shoot multiplication in black pepper Petaling I from planting to until shoot multiplication changes and the effect of culture peiod, was conducted in the Laboratory of Genetic Research and Breeding of Balittro. Bogor from May 1997 to June 1998. The seeds wee germinated on MS medium without growth regulator. Ater sprouting the shoots wee removed to MS multiplication medium + BA 0.3 mg/1 + polypynyl pyolidon 200 mg/1 for subcultue and culture peiod. In the subculture expeiment, explant was removed after 3 months to new medium. In the cultue peiod the explant was visible until 4 months after that, explant was removed to new medium. The results showed that the highest multiplication rate was found after 3'° subculture with 9.2 shoots and the best cultue peiod was three months with 9.3 shoots. After 4* months the shoots died, due to fenolic activity which changed pH medium from acidic (5.8 to basic 7.13).
KARAKTER PERTUMBUHAN, KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT, DAN KADAR NIKOTIN BEBERAPA GALUR TEMBAKAU TEMANGGUNG ROCHMAN, FATKHUR
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 18, No 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.426 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v18n3.2012.102-106

Abstract

ABSTRAKPergeseran selera konsumen ke arah rokok ringan semakin nyata,sehingga dirasa perlu memiliki galur-galur tembakau temanggung dengankadar nikotin rendah dan mutu sesuai dengan selera konsumen. Tembakautemanggung memiliki kadar nikotin yang sangat tinggi (7,8%). Selainkadar nikotin, kendala utama budi daya tembakau temanggung adalahadanya penyakit tular tanah yang disebabkan oleh kompleks nematodaMeloidogyne spp,  bakteri Ralstonia  solanacearum, dan  jamurPhytophthora nicotianae yang dikenal dengan nama ‘penyakit lincat”.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh galur tembakau temanggungdengan kadar nikotin lebih rendah dari varietas yang sudah ada (Kemloko1 dan Kemloko 2), mutu sesuai untuk konsumen, dan toleran terhadappenyakit utama. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari sampaiOktober 2009, di Desa Gandurejo, Kecamatan Bulu, KabupatenTemanggung pada lahan tegal endemik tiga patogen dengan ketinggiantempat + 800 m dpl. Bahan penelitian terdiri atas tujuh genotipe F6 hasilpersilangan antara tembakau temanggung dan tembakau oriental. Masing-masing genotipe ditanam sebanyak 520 tanaman. Seleksi pertamadilakukan berdasarkan kriteria: tidak terserang penyakit, memiliki lebihdari 18 daun, ukuran daun sedang sampai besar, morfologi mirip dauntembakau  temanggung, dan  disenangi  petani. Hasil  penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa dari 2.436 tanaman yang tidak diserang penyakit(berasal dari tujuh genotipe) secara visual terpilih 302 tanaman.Berdasarkan ukuran daun, dari 302 tanaman terpilih tersebut diperoleh 40genotipe. Keempat puluh genotipe tersebut dievaluasi pada tahapberikutnya. Kadar nikotin semua galur berkisar 1,34-5,22% dan galur yangmemiliki rata-rata kadar nikotin terendah adalah genotipe hasil persilanganantara Kemloko 1 dan Xanthi Yacca.Kata kunci: persilangan, Nicotiana tabacum, kadar nikotin, tembakauoriental, tembakau temanggungABSTRACTA shift in consumer tastes toward lighter cigarette has led to findingof low nicotine content of temanggung tobacco with the quality suitable toconsumer preferences. The nicotine content of temanggung tobacco is veryhigh, which can reach 7.8%. One of the main problem of temanggungtobacco cultivation is soil born diseases caused by complexity ofnematodes Meloidogyne spp, Ralstonia solanacearum, and the fungiPhytophthora nicotianae which is known as “lincat”. The research aimedat obtaining hybrid lines of temanggung tobacco with nicotine levels lowerthan the existing varieties (Kemloko 1 and Kemloko 2), quality suitable toconsumers preferences, and tolerant to the main diseases. The experimentwas conducted from February to Oktober 2009 in Gandurejo Village BuluSubdistrict, Temanggung District, on the dry land endemic pathogens withaltitude about 800 m asl. Research material consisted of 7 genotypes F6from hybridization between temanggung and orient tobacco, and 5 parentalvarieties. As many as 520 crops of each genotype were planted. Firstselection was done based on the criteria: free from disease, having > 18leaves, medium to big leaf size, and farmers’ favorite. The results showedthat from 2,436 healthy plants (derived from 7 genotypes) were visuallyselected for 302 plants. From the second selection based on leaf size fromthe 302 plants obtained 40 genotypes. The forty genotypes wereevaluated/screened at later stage. Nicotine content ranged from 1.07 to5.22% and the lowest nicotine content was derived from crosses betweenKemloko 1 and Xanthi Yacca.Key words: hybrid progenies, Nicotiana tabacum, nicotine content,orient tobacco, temanggung tobacco
PENELITIAN POLA USAHA TANI BERBASIS KELAPA HIBRIDA DI CIMERAK D. D. TARIGANS; . SUMANTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 4 (2002): Desember, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1857.531 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n4.2002.109-116

Abstract

Penelitian dilaksanakan dari Januari 2000 s/d Desember 2001 pada kebun kelapa hibrida rakyat pasca konvcrsi, pescta Proyck Perkebunan Inti Rakyat PTP XIII (sekarang PTP Nusantara VIII) di Desa Sindang Sari, Kecamatan Cimerak, Kabupaten Ciamis, Propinsi Jawa Barat. Bahan penelitian adalah hamparan kelapa hibrida PB 121 monokultur dan produktif dengan tahun tanam 1984/1985 seluas 5 ha. Jarak tanam 9 m x 9 m dengan sistem tanam segitiga sama sisi. Areal petanaman berada pada kctinggian 47 m diatas permukaan laut dengan curah hujan rata-rata 3 450 mm/tahun dan jenis tanah podsolik merah kuning dengan pH 6.0. Kegiatan studi dilakukan melalui dua tahapan. Petama dilakukan studi PRA untuk melakukan idcntifikasi daerah penelitian, keadaan sosial ekonomi petani dan tanaman sela yang prospektif unluk dijadikan sebagai tanaman sela. Kedua dari hasil studi PRA ditctapkan lima pola usaha tani berbasis kelapa untuk diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1) pola usaha tani kelapa (monokultur, tradisional), (2) pola usaha tani kelapa + kelapa disadap (pola rakyat, tradisional), (3) pola usaha lani kelapa + disadap 30 pohon/ha - tanaman sela pisang satu baris, (4) pola usaha lani kelapa + disadap 30 pohon/ha - tanaman sela pisang dua baris dan (5) pola usaha tani kelapa + disadap 60 pohon/ha + tanaman sela pisang satu baris Masing- masing pola seluas satu hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola usaha tani kelapa (monokultur) dan pola usaha tani kelapa + disadap (pola pctani) tidak layak unluk diusahakan karena secara ckonomis tidak mengunlungkan. Hasil analisis kelayakan usaha tani diperoleh bahwa dari lima pola usaha tani berbasis kelapa yang diuji menunjukkan bahwa dua pola usaha lani yang mengunlungkan dan layak unluk diusahakan yailu petama pola usaha tani kelapa + disadap 30 pohon kelapa per hektar - tanaman sela pisang satu bais dengan nilai B/C ratio 1.23, NPV sebesar Rp. 3 319 690 dan IRR 42.24%. Kedua adalah pola usaha tani kelapa + disadap 60 pohon kelapa per hektar + lanaman sela pisang satu bais dengan nilai B/C ratio 1.44, NPV sebesar Rp. 9 096 815 dan IRR 69.36%. Kedua pola usaha tani berbasis kelapa ini, dapal dianjurkan untuk dikembangkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan pendapatan dan kemampuan petani pasca konvcrsi untuk membayar kembali kidit investasi yang telah dikeluarkan pemerintah.Kata kunci: Kelapa hibrida, usaha tani, Ciamis, Jawa Barat ABSTRACTHybrid coconut basedfarming systems in CimerakThis research was conducted from January 2000 to December 2001 at the farmer's hybid coconut plantation Sindang Sari Villages, Cimerak, Ciamis District, West Java Province. The farmers used to be the members of nucleus estate project PTP XIII (now PTP Nusantara VIII). The object of die research was monoculture coconut hybrid PB-121 plantation of 5 ha planted in 1984/1985. The plant spacing was 9 m x 9 m triangle. The elevation was 47 m above sea level, the average rainfalls was 3 450 mm/year, the soil was yellow red podzolic, and the pH was 6.0. The research activities were carried out in two phases. Firstly, PRA study was conducted to identify die research location, socioeconomic condition, and prospective intercrops. Secondly, from the result of PRA study ive fanning systems were selected for the study, i.e. (I y traditional monoculture coconut farming system, (2) traditional coconut farming - tapped coconut, (3) coconut farming ♦ lapped coconut 30 palms/ha < one row of banana plants, (4) coconut farming + tapped coconut 30 palms/ha + two rows of banana plants, and (5) coconut farming + tapped coconut 60 palms, ha + one row of banana plants. Each farming systems was one hectare. The results of the research showed that the first and the second farming systems were not good because Uiey were not economically proitable. The farming in systems that were good and proitable were the third and the ifth farming systems, i.e. coconut faming + tapped coconut 30 palms/ha + one row of coconut plants with B/C ratio 1.23, NPV Rp.3 319 690, IRR 42.24%, and coconut farming tapped coconut 60 palms/ha + one row of coconut plants wiUi B/C ratio 1.44, NPV Rp. 9 096 815, and IRR 69.36%. Those two farming systems can be recommended to increase the income of Ihe coconut farmers ater the conversion, so that Ihcy arc able lo pay the credit thai were given by the govenment.Key words ; Coconut, farming system, intercrops, Ciamis District, West Java

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