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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology
Published by Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia
ISSN : 16936892     EISSN : 27220257     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46359/jte
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
The journal publishes critical reviews, original research papers, short communications, notes and comments covering all aspects of ethnobiology. Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology readership is as wide and diverse as ethnobiology itself, with readers spanning from both the natural and social sciences. Not surprisingly, a glance at the papers published in the Journal reveals the depth and breadth of topics, extending from studies in archaeology and the origins of agriculture, to folk classification systems, to food composition, plants, birds, mammals, fungi and everything in between. Research areas published in Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology include but are not limited to neo- and paleo-ethnobiology, zooarchaeology, ethnobotany, ethnozoology, ethnopharmacology, ethnoecology, linguistic ethnobiology, human paleoecology, and many other related fields of study within anthropology and biology, such as taxonomy, conservation biology, ethnography, political ecology, and cognitive and cultural anthropology. Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology does not limit itself to a single perspective, approach or discipline, but seeks to represent the full spectrum and wide diversity of the field of ethnobiology, including cognitive, symbolic, linguistic, ecological, and economic aspects of human interactions with our living world. Articles that significantly advance ethnobiological theory and/or methodology are particularly welcome, as well as studies bridging across disciplines and knowledge systems. Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology does not publish uncontextualized data such as species lists; appropriate submissions must elaborate on the ethnobiological context of findings.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 113 Documents
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Biodiversity Conservation in Relation to Plants Used for Medicines and Other Products in Indonesia Kuswata Kartawinata
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to all organisms occurring on Earth. Biodiversity is a manifestation of biochemical diversity and can be viewed at three levels: ecosystem, species and genetic. Indonesia has one of the richest endowments of biodiversity — at all levels -- of all countries in the world; it is often referred to as a "megadivenifyr country. Plant diversity in Indonesia encompasses more than 30,000 species of ferns and flowering plants distributed over a wide range of ecosystems, ranging from mangrove swamps in coastal areas to tropical forests in the lowland and mountain regions to low scrub areas and grasslands at high elevations. Many plant species in Indonesia have high genetic diversity as well. Of the 30,000 known species, only a fraction -- about 1000 -- has been recorded as being useful for medicinal purposes. There has been considerable evidence that Indonesia's plant diversity is decreasing at an alarming rate. It is imperative, therefore, that we intensively explore, collect, study and identify additional plants that may provide new drugs, before the resources are lost forever. This effort must be broad-based, encompassing ethnobotanical, taxonomic, phytochernical, chemosysternatic, random and ecopharmacognosic approaches. Studies based on leads provided by herbalists and folk medicine practitioners should be one important area of focus. Conservation of biodiversity is crucial in part because a diverse array of plants (and other organisms) is needed for human well-being, by providing food, shelter and medicines. For this reason, biodiversity conservation must be balanced with utilization. Local people have extensive knowledge of many uses of bind iversity. Access to this traditional knowledge and to genetic materials and biochemical resources should be compensated and intellectual property rights should be protected.
Lieux de culte, vegetation, ancetres, en Indonesie de 1'Est : qui protege et qui est protege? Claudine Friedberg; Y. Purwanto; Dyah M. Suharno; Eko B. Walujo
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

This article discusses knowledge and local wisdom of the East Indonesian societies specially Bunag and Dawan society in (Nusa Tenggara Timur/ West Timor), Dani society in Baliem valley (Irian Jaya) and Alune society at Lumoli (Seram, Moluccas). Furthermore, it covers their knowledge and wisdom of natural resources, particularly the relation of the natural sacred site to natural resources. The existence of natural sacred site and various rituals activities related to their effort in order to protect plants natural resources, and it has played an important role in protecnng and conserving plant natural resources. The knowledge and local wisdom of these societies and their role in plant diversity conservation will be discussed completely in this article.
The Lethal Arrow Poison in the Traditional Tribal Community of Siberut Island, Indonesia Herwig Zahorka
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

The indigenous tribal community on the island of Siberut im the Mentawar island group of Indonesia has retained an early Neolithic culture. Hunting is still performed with a bow and poison arrows. The poison is extracted from three plants: Tabernuemontana (Brvatamia) pedunculanis, Derris ellptica, and Capsicum sp. The combined poisons result in a chemical composition of bisindole alkaloids, isopropenyl-benzopyrane and benzylamid acids, as well as, most probably also, steroid glycusides. Death results mainly from cardiac and respiratory failure. The meat of the game killed with this poison is edible.
Intervention Strategy against Abrasion within the Framework of Coastal Management in Paojepe, Wajo, South Sulawesi Soehardjono Soehardjono; Y. Purwanto
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

The study conducted in 1999 2001 has aimed to solve the abrasion problem at Paojepe coast, Wajo, South Sulawesi. This study has elucidated some research findings. Firstly, the damage of the coastal environment in Paojepe has reached such a critical stage that it urgently calls for measures to address and overcome the problems. The undeniable fact under discussion here includes depletion of the mangrove forest, rapid coastal abrasion, and decrease in the coastal biodiversity. Secondly, the critical condition of the coast still be solved through three main approaches : (1) biological approach : Rbkophoni spp., and mangrove species replantation ; (2) physical approach : adaptative strategy using wave breaker and log-blocker construction ; and (3) effort to increase the roles of the community. Partial approach to the handling of abrasion (for example, by only focusing on biological or physical aspect) is unlikely to lead to success or produce satisfactory results. A few cases of abrasion handling through mangrove planting without taking into account the physical aspects (oceanography) and socio-cultural conditions of the local people have ended in complete failure. Careful development and thorough examination of an approach, coupled with interdisciplinary methodology embracing various aspects (socio-cultural, physical, ecological, etc), will lead to positive results and success. Each aspect has its own mutually exclusive and mutually supportive a role. The Rhizopbora planting activities on the coast of Paojepe have run well without significant technical problem. Growth and development of the Rhizophora have been satisfactory; with more than 90 O/ seedlings surviving. At three years old, the Rbizophora has been 2.5 to 3 meters high and start producing several fruit even a few At about three and a half years old, they will have developed strong roots, but still need some time before they can withstand the harsh waves. A study under LIPI concludes that under normal circumstances, mangroves will be strong enough against abrasion at the age of 5 years. However, it also depends on the physical aspects of the coast (i.e. structure and texture of the soil), and on oceanographical aspects. The other strateges against abrasion will be discussed completely in this article.
Taxonomy and uses of Daemonorops draco (Willd.) Blume Himmah Rustiami; Francisca M. Setyowati; Kuswata Kartawinata
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

Dragon's blood group or locally known as rotan iernang distribute from Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo to Java. Ten species are recognized formerly but only Daemonorops draco (Wild.) Blume is very well known worldwide and widespread in Sumatra. Sometimes botanist regarded this species to other related species. Red resin on its fruit scales have been used by Anal{ Dalani and Talang Mamak tribes from Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park as dying or furnishing. Unfortunately, taxonomic status of this species is doubtful because of the fact that more than a century there is no clear type addressed to this species. New type of Daemonorops draco Blume is designated here together with the distribution and ecology, and economic botany information.
Pentingnya Sumberdaya Alam bagi Masyarakat Lokal di Daerah Aliran Sungai Mamberamo, Papua, dan Implikasinya bagi Konservasi Manuel Boissiere; Miriam van Heist; Douglas Sheil; Imam Basuki; Scott Frazier; Untung Ginting; Meilinda Wan; Bambang Hariadi; Hendri Hariyadi; Hari Dwi Kristianto; Jance Bemei; Rafles Haruway; Eddy R. Ch. Marien; Denis Piet H. Koibur; Yoseph Watopa; Ismail Rachman; Nining Liswanti
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2004): July 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

Sparsely populated and abundant in rich and exotic bio-diversity, the vast and highly inaccessible Marnberamo Basin in Indonesia's West Papua (Irian Jaya) contains some of the world's most pristine rainforests. The region's 7,000 people and their communities are spread over 7.7 million hectares of low-swamps, vast forests and high mountains, and maintain considerable wariness towards outsiders. This article concerns the villagers of one such community, focusing on how they perceive and prioritize their natural resources, landscape and the conservation of the surrounding floodp]ain and watershed. What are the perceptions of the villagers regarding their natural environment? What is important for them? What are the implications for conservation? This account illustrates some of the considerable information on the landscape and its resources, the main threats facing biodiversity, and local livelihoods gathered during our study. Among the many outputs and results, the most striking to us was the knowledge it provides on how building strong local trust is vital to increasing the awareness of and support for conservation among remote communities.
Can variety of traditional fish processing and fish food preparation facilitate domestic fish or other sea product consumption? Boedhihartono Boedhihartono
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2004): January 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

This article, offer facts of variety of traditional fish processing and fish food preparation from different parts of Indonesia which might be an advantage to the effort of increasing and propagating fish (or other aquatic food resources) consumption to people in various parts of Indonesia. Tasting various fish preparations and processes from different regions will help people to familiarize them selves with different possibilities to present fish to the families. The transfer of fish food (or other sea and aqua products) preparations or recipes and processes from one part of Indonesia to other different parts is supposed stimulating people to consume more fishes and other sea or water products. The high domestic consumption of sea and water products will certainly enhance the economic significance of our waters. It should be noted that many people are curious about one locality delicacy and food particularity. This article present some examples below.
Understanding Traditional Plant Use and Management : The Dani-Baliem Perceptions of the Plant Diversity Yohanes Purwanto
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2004): January 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

This paper report on the utilization of plants and the indigenous environmental knowledge of the Dani people in Baliem Valley, Irian Jaya. More than 550 plant species utilized by Dani people within the Baliem Valley were recorded; 24 were cultivated species, while 526 were wild species. These species provide material for plant medicine, foods, construction material, firewood, rope, dyes, clothing, tools as well as material for cultural and ornamental uses. The Dani's dependence on available natural resources is reflected in various established customs and traditions. One example of this is the clear division between conserved, cultivated, and uncultivated areas. Some of these indigenous conservation traditions, for example wilehoma (Casuarina oligodon protection) and wikioma (Paraserianthes falcataria protection) are presented here.
Techniques et pratiques de la chasse chez les Yali d'Irian Jaya (Papua) Manuel Boissiere
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2004): January 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

The ways in which people in the West Papuan Highlands are hunting can provide useful informations about their relation with forest environment. The activities of the Yali from the village of Holuwon, in the Heluk valley, are essentially for agriculture, but hunting still has an important role for the local management of the forest. The hunting practises are described here to understand this aspect of the technical system. For each kind of hunting practice, we study the making-techniques, the plants used for every practice, and the types of games that are hunted by each method.
The Spatial Environmental Organization and the life of the Dawan People in Timor, Indonesia Eko Baroto Walujo
Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology Vol. 1 No. 1 (2004): January 2004
Publisher : The Ethnobiological Society of Indonesia

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Abstract

The Dawan people residing in Insana district of Timor Island (Indonesia) recognise 8 types of natural, succession as well as man-made ecosystems based on the physiognomy or the vegetation cover of the habitat. This knowledge is derived from their long interactions with their environment, especially because their way of live is wholly dependent on their surrounding natural resources. Consequently there ts nasi (natural stand looked upon as traditional forest), kick iokok (natural area served as sacred sites), lele (communal agricultural pa an (private agricultural land), lein (abandoned arable land due to the cycle of the shifting agriculture), kintal (clearly marked private kitchen garden), kuan (communal hamlet garden) and hie. sona (savanna used for communal ranching and hunting). Each type has its own characteristic plant species composition related to their uses by the people. In recent years these long traditions have been under going changes (the conversion of nasi and kzuk tokok into arable land, the over exploitations of sandal wood Sansalum album and timber trees such as Sehleichera edema, Parinari rogmhosurn and Ptertwarpus indices, as well as the shortening of the shifting cycle due to population pressure). In view of the scarcity of the resources, a number of traditional practices (such as hunting by burning shifting agriculture) can not be maintained. Family planning, and other intensified agricultural techniques will have to be introduced together with the encouragement of motivation for the people to observe sound natural resources management as inherited from their ancestors.

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