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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Art, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Other
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English. Academia Open is an open access journal publishing scientifically accurate and valuable research across life, physical, social, and medical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 161 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December" : 161 Documents clear
Perceived severity and Barriers to Health Promotion of Male addicts in Early Recovery from Drug Use Disorder Shkara, Ali Mohammed; Hussein, Hassan Ali
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9423

Abstract

Background: Drug addiction remains a significant public health issue globally, with substantial personal and societal impacts. Effective treatment and health promotion behaviors are crucial for recovery. Specific Background: In Iraq, the context of addiction treatment and the factors influencing health promotion behaviors among male addicts are underexplored. Knowledge Gap: There is limited understanding of the perceived severity and barriers to health promotion behaviors among male addicts in drug addiction centers in Iraq. Aims: Aims to assess the perceived severity and barriers to health promotion behavior among male addicts with a drug use disorder. Methods: A descriptive study design was utilized, with a convenience sample of 100 male individuals aged 15 to 45 from the Al-Ataa Hospital for Addiction and Psychological Rehabilitation. Data were collected via a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics and scales measuring beliefs regarding addiction. Cronbach's alpha for the perceived barriers and severity scales were 0.789 and 0.881, respectively. Results: The average participant age was 28 years, with 49% single, 71% living in lower-class neighborhoods, and 72% voluntary admissions. A significant relationship was found between educational level and health beliefs (p=0.00). The study revealed a high-level assessment of perceived severity and a moderate-level assessment of perceived barriers. Novelty: This study highlights the significant impact of educational level on health beliefs among male addicts, a relatively unexplored area in the region. Implications: The findings suggest that increasing awareness among patients and their families, establishing specialized hospitals, developing targeted policies, and leveraging media can enhance addiction treatment. This research underscores the need for comprehensive approaches involving various stakeholders to address drug addiction effectively. Highlights: High Perceived Severity: Addicts show high severity awareness. Education Impact: Significant link between education and health beliefs. Policy Recommendations: Establish specialized hospitals, targeted policies, media involvement. Keywords: drug addiction, health promotion, perceived barriers, perceived severity, Iraq
Knowledge of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever among Nurses at Al-Nasiriyah City Hospitals in Iraq Jasim, Khulood Mohammed; Ali , Ibtisam Khalaf Abd
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9424

Abstract

Background: CCHF caused by a tick-borne virus from the Bunyaviridae family, is a severe viral hemorrhagic fever with a mortality rate of 10–40%. Specific Background: Despite their critical role in treating and preventing CCHF, comprehensive research on CCHF transmission and knowledge among healthcare workers, especially nurses in Al-Nasiriyah, Iraq, is lacking. Knowledge Gap: Current literature lacks detailed studies on the awareness and preparedness of nurses regarding CCHF in high-risk areas. Aims: Aims to assess the knowledge of nurses concerning CCHF in Al-Nasiriyah’s educational hospitals and identify gaps in their understanding to improve disease management and prevention strategies. Results: Utilizing a descriptive cross-sectional design, the study surveyed 500 nurses across five teaching hospitals. The average age of participants was 28.83 years, with a predominant proportion holding diplomas and obtaining information primarily from social media. The results revealed that nurses' knowledge about CCHF was suboptimal, with 69.4% of correct answers and a predominance of moderate knowledge levels. Novelty: This research provides novel insights into the knowledge deficits among nurses in an endemic region, highlighting the critical need for targeted educational interventions. Implications: The findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive educational courses on occupational safety and disease prevention tailored to healthcare workers in endemic areas, aiming to enhance their knowledge and preparedness against CCHF. Highlights: Knowledge Gaps: Nurses’ CCHF understanding is inadequate. Educational Need: Targeted training can improve disease management. Information Sources: Social media use highlights need for reliable sources. Keywords: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, nurses' knowledge, endemic regions, healthcare education, CCHF prevention
HR Re-engineering Elevates Banking Performance in Commercial Banks Saddam, Dr. Ali Kadhim; Ali, Mr. Oday Hussein; Alsaedi, Mr.Rafid Khudhur Radhi
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9449

Abstract

General Background: Re-engineering human resources (HR) is a critical method for enhancing organizational efficiency and performance, especially in sectors like banking where customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, profit growth, and diversity of services are pivotal. Specific Background: This research investigates the impact of HR re-engineering on banking performance, focusing on organizational, human, and technological dimensions. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive studies on HR re-engineering, its direct correlation with banking performance, particularly in commercial banks, remains underexplored. Aims: The study aims to clarify and apply HR re-engineering methods to improve banking performance, using a questionnaire, personal interviews, and field observations on a random sample of 200 respondents, analyzed via SMART PLS software. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between HR re-engineering and improved bank performance. Key findings indicate that HR re-engineering enhances employee morale and organizational efficiency, ultimately boosting customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, profit growth, and service diversity. Novelty: This study uniquely combines multiple data collection methods and advanced statistical analysis to provide robust evidence of the positive impact of HR re-engineering on banking performance. Implications: The findings suggest that banks should invest in HR re-engineering programs, focusing on training, skill development, and technological integration to improve performance. These programs should be supported by adequate material and financial resources to ensure their success, thereby enhancing the competitive edge of banks in a dynamic environment. Highlights: Correlation and Impact: HR re-engineering boosts banking performance significantly. Methodology: Used questionnaires and SMART PLS for robust analysis. Implementation: Invest in HR training and technology for enhanced competitiveness. Keywords: HR re-engineering, banking performance, customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, SMART PLS
Nurses` Practices concerning Care of Transition to Oral Feeding in Preterm Neonate Rahman, Ali Mohsin; Aziz, Afifa Radha
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9506

Abstract

Background: Premature neonates often struggle with oral feeding due to physiological immaturity, necessitating skilled nursing support during the transition from tube to oral feeding. Knowledge Gap: Despite the critical role of nurses in this process, there is limited evidence on their practices and the factors influencing their effectiveness. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' practices in caring for neonates transitioning to oral feeding and to identify predictive factors, such as education and training, that influence these practices. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Batoul Training Hospital in the Diyala Governorate from October 2023 to February 2024. A non-probability convenience sample of 60 nurses was assessed using a 35-item checklist, validated by experts and tested for reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, with simple linear regression employed to identify relationships between nurses’ practices and demographic variables. Results: The findings revealed that 86.7% of nurses exhibited inadequate practices, with the majority (65.0%) having less than 5 years of experience and 85.0% not attending training courses. Regression analysis indicated that education level (p = 0.007) and attendance of training courses (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of practice quality. Novelty: This study is among the first to quantify the inadequacy of nurses' practices in the transition to oral feeding in a developing country context, highlighting education and training as critical areas for intervention. Implications: The results underscore the urgent need for healthcare organizations to implement comprehensive training programs and educational initiatives aimed at improving neonatal care practices, particularly in NICUs, to ensure better health outcomes for preterm infants. Highlights: Significant nurse practice deficiencies in neonate oral feeding transition. Education and training crucial for improving nurse performance. Need for comprehensive neonatal care training programs. Keywords: Premature neonates, oral feeding, neonatal care, nurse practices, training programs
Investigation and Finite Element Analysis of The Distal Weight-Bearing Implant Mahdi, Muntadher Saleh; Hamdi, Dunya Abdulsahib
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9510

Abstract

General Background: Osseointegration. a critical advancement in prosthetics, significantly benefits individuals with transfemoral amputations by enhancing their quality of life through innovative implant systems. Specific Background: The study examines a novel distal weight-bearing implant from 17 global systems, featuring a composite nanocoating of hydroxyapatite and silica, evaluated through finite element analysis and mechanical testing. Knowledge Gap: Research on nanocoating's impact on mechanical performance and its integration into advanced prosthetic designs is limited, despite extensive exploration of various implant systems. Aims: The study evaluates the distal weight-bearing implant's effectiveness, focusing on the nanocoating's role in shock absorption and mechanical stability during various gait cycle phases. Results: The design process involved creating a Ti-6Al-4V femoral stem and UHMWPE spacer, with the implant subjected to FEA under gait cycle conditions. Nanocoated samples demonstrated effective shock absorption, though with slightly reduced mechanical properties. The implant’s performance was evaluated for heel strike, midstance, and pre-swing phases, showing adequate load-bearing capacity within safe thresholds. Novelty: This study introduces a detailed analysis of nanocoating impacts on implant performance and integrates biomechanical forces into FEA for enhanced prosthetic design evaluation. Implications: Research indicates nanocoating enhances shock absorption, but further studies are needed to balance mechanical properties with biocompatibility and biological response, potentially improving amputee care outcomes. Highlights: Advanced Implant Design: Transition from transfemoral to knee disarticulation. Nanocoating Impact: Enhances shock absorption; minor mechanical property reduction. FEA Results: Confirms load-bearing capacity through gait cycle phases. Keywords: osseointegration, distal weight-bearing implant, nanocoating, finite element analysis, gait cycle
Star Anise Reverses Benzopyrene-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Rats Saleh, Eman Naji; Saeed, Iktefa Abdul Hamid Mohammed; latef, Nedhal ibrahim
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9575

Abstract

Background: Benzopyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is known for its carcinogenic and immunotoxic effects, posing significant health risks upon exposure. Specific Background: Despite numerous studies, effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate B[a]P-induced toxicity remain limited. Star anise, a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory properties, holds potential as a protective agent against such toxicity. Knowledge Gap: The impact of star anise on B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, particularly on hematological parameters, has not been thoroughly investigated. Aims: This study aimed to explore the effects of B[a]P intoxication and its treatment with star anise on hematological parameters in rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Control, B[a]P, and varying doses of star anise (125 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg + B[a]P, 125 mg/kg + B[a]P, 130 mg/kg + B[a]P). Blood samples were analyzed using an auto blood analyzer. Results: While erythrogram parameters showed no significant differences among groups, B[a]P exposure significantly increased WBC parameters (Mid, Gran, L, and total WBC counts), indicating an inflammatory and immunosuppressive response. Treatment with star anise significantly reduced these parameters, suggesting its protective effects. Novelty: This study is the first to demonstrate the efficacy of star anise in mitigating B[a]P-induced leukocytosis and immune toxicity in rats. Implications: These findings highlight the potential of star anise as a therapeutic agent against B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, warranting further investigation into its clinical applications. Highlights: Benzopyrene Exposure: Increases WBC parameters, indicating immune response. Star Anise Treatment: Reduces WBC counts, showing protective effects. Novel Findings: Star anise mitigates B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity in rats. Keywords: Benzopyrene, Star Anise, Hematological Parameters, Immunotoxicity, Rats
Detection of Fatty Acids and Some Secondary Metabolites in Macadamia and Hazelnut Fruits and their Shells, with Studding the Physiochemical Properties of its Extracted Oil: A comparative Study Altaee, Rana T.; Aldabbagh, May G; Rashan , Aya I.
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9637

Abstract

General Background: Nuts are widely recognized for their nutrient density, offering a rich source of beneficial fatty acids and antioxidant phytochemicals. Specific Background: Among these, macadamia and hazelnuts are popular for their unique compositions, yet direct comparisons of their nutritional and bioactive profiles remain limited. Knowledge Gap: Despite their recognized health benefits, comparative analyses of the fatty acid profiles, bioactive compositions, and physicochemical characteristics between these nuts are scarce. Aims: The study compared macadamia and hazelnut oils' fatty acid content, lipid-soluble vitamins, phenolic compounds, and physicochemical properties to enhance their functional applications. Results: The findings revealed that hazelnut oil exhibited a higher polyunsaturated fat content, particularly linoleic acid (22.8% vs. 18.25%), while macadamia oil contained significantly more vitamin E, contributing to superior antioxidant potential. Both oils demonstrated the presence of vitamins A, D, and K1, with notable concentrations of quercetin and rutin among other flavonoids. Novelty: This study is novel in its comprehensive comparative analysis of these two nuts, particularly in identifying the unique phenolic compounds in the nutshells, which are often discarded but show potential as nutraceuticals. Implications: Macadamia and hazelnut oils offer significant nutritional benefits, with compositional variations allowing for personalized bioactivity and culinary applications. Further research is recommended for human health promotion. Highlights: Hazelnut oil has more polyunsaturated fats; macadamia oil is richer in vitamin E. Both nuts contain vitamins A, D, E, K1, and flavonoids. Phenolic compounds in nutshells have potential as nutraceuticals. Keywords: macadamia nuts, hazelnut oil, fatty acids, antioxidant phytochemicals, bioactive compounds
Environmental Changes of the Temirnik River in Rostov-on-Don AL-Ghizzi, Murooj Abbas Buhlool; Al-Janabi, Zahraa Zahraw
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9638

Abstract

General Background: The increasing anthropogenic impact on river ecosystems has raised concerns about water quality and its effects on surrounding communities. Specific Background: This study focuses on the Temirnik River, located in the northern part of the city, particularly assessing pollution levels in the beaches of "Druzhba" and "Surp Khash." Historical data from 2000-2001 and recent analyses from 2017-2019 reveal significant fluctuations in chemical and biological toxicity. Knowledge Gap: While previous studies have documented pollution levels, a comprehensive comparison of historical and recent data to understand long-term changes and community impacts remains insufficiently explored. Aims: This study aims to track changes in pollution levels over time, evaluate the chemical and biological toxicity, and assess the anthropogenic impacts on the Temirnik River. Results: Chemical analysis revealed increased hardness of water due to the accumulation of calcium and magnesium sulfates and chlorides. The river, heavily impacted by untreated industrial and municipal waste, showed high toxicity levels, especially in the years 2017-2019. Bioassays using Chlorella vulgaris, Raphanus sativus, and Daphnia magna confirmed these findings. Novelty: This study provides a detailed comparative analysis of historical and contemporary pollution data, highlighting the persistent and worsening impact of anthropogenic activities on the Temirnik River. Implications: The findings underscore the critical need for ongoing monitoring and intervention to mitigate pollution. They advocate for implementing effective cleaning operations and regulatory measures to protect water quality and community health. Highlights: Increased water hardness from industrial and municipal waste. Persistent high toxicity levels impacting ecosystems. Urgent need for continuous monitoring and pollution control. Keywords: Temirnik River, chemical pollution, biological toxicity, historical data, anthropogenic impact
Escalating Antibiotic Resistance in Uremia Patients Demands Urgent Global Action Hameed, Ahmad Shandookh
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9841

Abstract

Background: Uremia, a frequent complication of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), compromises immunity, increasing patients' susceptibility to bacterial infections. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) further exacerbate infection management challenges, particularly in regions with limited resources. Knowledge Gap: While bacterial resistance is well-documented globally, the prevalence and specific resistance patterns in uremia patients in Nasiriyah City remain underexplored. Aims: This study aimed to establish the prevalence and resistance profiles of MDR and XDR bacterial isolates among uremia patients in Nasiriyah City, with a focus on treatment implications and infection control strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital from February 2023 to January 2024. One hundred samples from uremia patients were cultured and tested using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. Results: The most frequently isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (40%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (30%), Staphylococcus aureus (20%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10%). High resistance rates were observed for Ampicillin (95%), Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (80%), and Ceftriaxone (75%), while resistance to Imipenem and Meropenem was lowest at 5% and 10%, respectively. Significant resistance patterns were noted across all tested antibiotics (P<0.05). Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of MDR and XDR bacterial prevalence in uremia patients in Nasiriyah City, highlighting the critical need for targeted antibiotic stewardship. Implications: The findings underscore the urgency of implementing stringent infection control measures and developing alternative therapeutic strategies to combat the rising threat of antibiotic resistance in this vulnerable population. The efficacy of carbapenems, though still relatively preserved, necessitates cautious use to prevent further resistance development. Highlights: High resistance to common antibiotics in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Carbapenems remain effective, with low resistance rates. Urgent need for antibiotic stewardship and alternative treatments. Keywords: Uremia, Multi-drug resistance, Antibiotic susceptibility, Nasiriyah City, Infection control
Cladophora spp. Extracts Show Remarkable Antibacterial Potential Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hussain, Hussain Adnan; Mezal, Ezat H.; Alashoor, Ahmed. S.
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9842

Abstract

Background: Bacterial resistance, influenced by genetic processes and adaptive strategies, necessitates the discovery of novel antibacterial agents, especially from natural sources. Specific Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a notorious pathogen in urinary tract infections (UTIs), demonstrates considerable resistance to conventional therapies, necessitating alternative therapeutic approaches. Knowledge Gap: Research indicates that while natural sources like Cladophora spp. offer antibacterial agents, their effectiveness in combating P. aeruginosa resistant strains remains underexplored. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial potential of Cladophora spp. algae extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from UTIs, utilizing solvent extraction, MIC determination, disc diffusion assays, and GC-MS analysis to identify bioactive compounds. Results: All extracts, including those prepared with water, ethanol, and hexane, demonstrated inhibitory effects on P. aeruginosa. The hexane extract exhibited the most significant activity, with a mean zone of inhibition of 13.0 ± 0.7 mm at a concentration of 50%. GC-MS analysis identified several bioactive compounds potentially responsible for these effects. Novelty: This study is among the first to investigate Cladophora spp. as a source of antibacterial agents specifically targeting P. aeruginosa, providing new insights into the potential of algae-based therapeutics. Implications: Cladophora spp. holds promise as a source of novel antibacterial compounds, with potential for multidrug-resistant infections treatments. Further research is needed for clinical application. Highlights: Hexane Extract: Most effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Novel Source: Cladophora spp. shows potential as antibacterial agent. GC-MS Findings: Identified key bioactive compounds. Keywords: Cladophora spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibacterial agents, natural extracts, GC-MS analysis

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