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Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings
Published by Future Science
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Articles 52 Documents
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Search results for , issue "2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology" : 52 Documents clear
Synthesis of Magnesium Carbonate with Bittern Raw Material with Carbon Dioxide Gas Injection in Packing Column
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2021.1401

Abstract

Magnesium carbonate is known as magnesite, which is naturally a carbonate of magnesium compounds, the main raw material for magnesium oxide (magnesia). Magnesium carbonate has many uses, one of which is an additive in the pharmaceutical field used as an additive for laxatives. In this research, magnesium carbonate is forming magnesium hydroxide by mixing bittern and sodium hydroxide 1,875 N then reacting magnesium hydroxide and carbon dioxide gas in a packed column reactor. This study aims to determine the best flow rate and contact time ratio, the factors that influence, and the amount of magnesium carbonate formed. The variables used are carbon dioxide gas flow rate and contact time. The best results from this study were obtained with a flow rate of 2 liters/minute with a contact time of 30 minutes obtained 72% magnesium carbonate levels.
Study of Reaction Kinetics of Magnesium Sulfate Formation from Bittern and Sulfate Acid
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Bittern is a concentrated liquid obtained from the salt plant waste, and the amount is abundant. Bittern contains various minerals; this mineral occurs because it does not crystallize during the manufacture of salt. The minerals have high concentrations, among others: Magnesium (Mg), Sodium (Na), and Calcium (Ca). In general (28.5 – 30 oBe) is still contained Magnesium about 4-5% w/v. Considered the high content of Mg on Bittern is worth as the raw material for the manufacture of MgSO4. In this study, Mg(OH)2 was obtained by reacting Bittern with NaOH to obtain Mg(OH)2 deposits. The study aims to determine the reaction rate constant and activation energy of the formation of Magnesium Sulfate. The prescribed variable is Mg(OH)2 46.6 gr; NaOH 4N 3 liters; H2SO4 1N 500 ml; Drying temperature 100oC; Stirring speed of 110 rpm. As for the modified variable, temperature: 40, 45, 50, 55, 60oC and stirring time: 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 minutes. The best result for forming magnesium sulfate is at temperature 60oC and 60 minutes with reaction conversion (xA) 26.9%. The formation of magnesium sulfate followed the second-order reaction and the equation of the rate constant k = 0.00512 min-1 and the activation energy of 131.394 kJ/mol.K.
The Effect of Chitosan and Sorbitol Addition in The Bioplastics Production from Mung Bean Starch
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Plastics pollution is a worldwide concern causing many problems in our environment. Plastics were difficult to recycle. Therefore, biodegradable materials such as starch are appealing to replace fossil-based plastics. Starch-based plastics were blended with another natural polymer like chitosan and sorbitol as a plasticizing agent to improve their properties. In this study, the mechanical properties and degradability of the films were evaluated. The mechanical parameter studied were tensile strength, elongation, and young’s modulus. A higher ratio of chitosan in the blend would increase the tensile strength and young’s modulus. The film consisted of 40% chitosan in polymer blend and 20% sorbitol resulted in 13.33 MPa on tensile strength and 241.98 MPa on young's modulus. On the other hand, the more sorbitol added in polymer blends increased the film elongation and decreased other parameters studied. With 60% sorbitol added into the blends resulted in greater film elongation but low tensile strength. All films blended could degrade in a relatively short time, about 6 to 16 days, with the presence of EM4 microorganisms.
Shrimp Cracker Wastewater Treatment with Aerobic Microorganism and Aeration Method
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

In this study, the effect of aeration time and the ratio of activated sludge and wastewater volume on the decrease in BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) and levels of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) has been successfully investigated. The activated sludge and wastewater were collected from the shrimp cracker industry. This shrimp cracker liquid waste was processed by aerobic method, which started with the wastewater treatment process (with an activated sludge acclimatization process) and closed with an aeration process. The best result was achieved by the ratio of the volume of activated sludge to wastewater 1:2, where an aeration time of 4 hours COD levels can decrease by 82.9% with the final result of 471 mg/l. Moreover, at 10 hours of aeration, the BOD level decreased by 48.9%, with the final result of 442 mg/l. It shows that aerobic biological processes can reduce the levels of BOD and COD present in the liquid waste of shrimp crackers.
The Role of Na2CO3 as Precipitating Agent in Salt Purification Process
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Salt is an essential compound in life. It is used for food preservation. It is also used for health or isotonic drink, additive in soap production, dialysate, and use an infusion liquid. In the industrial sector, the minimum purity of NaCl in salt was 98.5%. Therefore, the impurities in raw salt from coarse salt should be removed to increase the purity of NaCl and increase the economic value of raw salt. The extraction and recrystallization method can separate the impurities in raw salt by adding the precipitating agent Na2CO3. The mol ratio of Na2CO3 and the stirring time were varied to optimize the weight of Ca extracted and give the high purity. The result showed that using Na2CO3 mol ratio of 1-2.5 will drastically reduce the Ca content (0.03-0.01%) in stirring time 60-150 min. The maximum purity of NaCl obtained from the extraction and recrystallization process was 98.66% using a ratio mol of 1:1 and stirring time of 150 min.
Isolation of Zn and Cr in Biosolid Waste by Extraction Process Using Sulfuric Acid
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

This study investigates the separation of zinc and heavy chromium metals in biosolid waste by an extraction process using H2SO4 solvent. The extraction of the heavy chromium process was performed in biosolid waste of 100 mesh with various times and pH. The solid extracts were analyzed using the Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) analysis method. The most effective condition to decrease Zn and Cr levels were obtained at the extraction process 120 minutes, and the solvent concentration was 1.5 M with the efficiency of 98.80 % and 97.89 %, respectively.
Identification of Calcium and Phosphate Content in Chicken Bones and Duck Bones
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

The production of poultry such as chickens and ducks, especially in East Java, is very large, so the bone waste produced is of course the same. Generally, minerals in bone are dominated by calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Phosphate is a derivative of phosphorus. Phosphate is an anion consisting of phosphorus (P) and oxygen (O) atoms. Calcium and phosphate are as important as sodium and potassium in the regulation of basic body functions. The purpose of this study was to determine the identification of calcium and phosphate in chicken bone and duck bone waste. Beginning with cleaning and then proceeding with drying on each of the chicken bone and duck bone waste using an oven for 1 hour at a temperature of 110ºC. Then the dried bone was ground until it reached 30 mesh and then weighed until it reached a weight of 50 grams. Furthermore, tests were carried out using AAS and gravimetry to determine the content of calcium and phosphate in chicken and duck bones. On chicken bones for the gravimetric test method obtained phosphate content of 6.7% and with the AAS test method obtained a calcium content of 24.9%. In duck bone with gravimetric test method for phosphate content obtained by 7.35% and with AAS test method obtained calcium content of 30.82%.
Charactherization Analog Rice based of White Canna Strach Adding with Soy Flour (Glicine Max) and Glycerol Monostearate Jariyah; Sri Winarti; Yushinta Aristina Sanjaya; Setyandari Ayu Larasati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

This research was aimed to analize the characteristics of analog rice made from white canna starch fortified with soybean flour and Glycerol Monostearate (GMS). The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the proportion of white canna starch and soybean flour, the second factor is the concentration of the addition of GMS. The results of the analysis of raw materials showed that the water content of canna starch was 8.46%; ash content of 1.54%; starch content of 70.43%; amylose by 20.22% and amylopectin by 50.21%. The results of the analysis of the moisture content of soybean flour are 10.85%; ash content of 2.04%; and 39.18% protein content. The results of analog rice analysis showed that there was a significant interaction in the analysis of ash content, kamba density and protein content. The interaction results were not significant from the analysis of water content, rehydration power, expansion volume, starch content, amylose content and amylopectin content although each treatment showed significant differences. Sensory analysis was performed on analog rice. The results of sensory analysis of the aroma, taste, color and texture of analog rice obtained the best results at the proportion of 24% soy flour with the addition of 2% GMS. The results showed a moisture content of 7.18%, ash content of 1.9%5, protein content of 14.05%, starch content of 65.79%, amylose 18.81%, amylopectin 46.97%, rehydration power 67 (g/ml), kamba density 55.3 (g/ml). ml), and the expansion volume was 116.67 g/ml.
Characteristics of Marshmallow from a Mixture of Watermelon Albedo (Citrullus vulgaris Schard) and Rosella Flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Extract with The Addition of Gelatin Ulya Sarofa; Andre Yusuf Trisna Putra; Lupita Khatty Indah Napitupulu
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Watermelon albedo is a food waste that still has nutrients that can be used. The presence of nutritional compounds causes watermelon albedo potential to be processed into marshmallow products. The addition of rosella flower extract was expected to improve the sensory properties of the marshmallow. This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of watermelon albedo juice to the rosella flower extract and the impact of the addition of gelatin on the characteristics of marshmallows. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the proportion of watermelon albedo juice: rosella flower extract (60:40, 70:30, 80:20) and the addition of gelatin (10%, 12%, 14%). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's test (DMRT). The best treatment was obtained in the treatment of the proportions of watermelon albedo juice: rosella flower extract (70:30) with the addition of 14% gelatin which produced marshmallows with a characteristic moisture content of 24.33%; ash content 1.06%; vitamin C content 16.67 mg/100g; antioxidant activity 19.56%; reducing sugar content of 23.15%; hardness 1.07 N; lightness -15,7; redness 5,45; yellowness 0,95 the average value of color preference is 3.50 ( like); aroma 3.45 ( rather like); taste 2.95 (neutral); and texture 3.85 ( like).
Effect of Cellulose on The Characterization of Potassium Silica – Humat Composite Gel Suprihatin; Ika Nawang Puspitawati; Putri Sinta Dewi Sinaga; Mohamad Nabhan Putra Redian
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 2nd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Potassium-Silica Humate Composite Gel or K-Si-Humate Composite Gel is a combined material of Potassium and Silica Humate derived from the extraction of raw materials for geothermal sludge and peat soil. This material is a multipurpose material, which can be used to improve soil aeration and as a fertilizer that can fertilize the soil because it contains humic acid. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cellulose content on the characteristics of the Potassium Silica-Humate composite gel. The manufacture of K-Si-Humate Composite Gel in this research by extracting potassium and silica from geothermal sludge and humic acid from peat soil, then the process of filtration and gel formation. The variable used is the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose content, namely Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC). The best results from this study showed that with the addition of CMC, the highest silica content was 15.85%, and the highest potassium content was 89.88%.

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