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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 1,077 Documents
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Creative Accounting and Implication for Dividend Payout of Companies in the Financial Sub-Sector of Nigerian Economy Ibanichuka, Emmanuel A. L.; Ihendinihu, John U.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This study examines the relationship between creative accounting (CA) and reported financial performanceof banks and insurance companies in Nigeria, and the extent CA impacts on their dividend payout ratio.Five year financial data from 2004-2008 of twenty banks and insurance companies listed on the NigerianStock Exchange (NSE) were extracted using the stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Surveydata were obtained from 386 respondents purposively selected from the chosen organizations usingresearcher-designed questionnaire validated by experts and shown to have a reliability coefficient of 0.876.Correlation and regression statistical techniques were used in analyzing the data. The results show thatcreative accounting techniques are positively associated with firm financial performance and havesignificant effect on dividend payout (DPO) with 88% of the variations in DPO being accounted for bychanges in the explanatory variables. The work concludes that the desire to showcase impressive picture ofcorporate profitability through payment of enhanced dividend often breaches professional ethics infinancial reporting The study recommends a more stringent regulatory regime with effective enforcementmechanisms to ensure compliance with accounting and auditing standards.
Business Education and the Entreprenuership Education Agenda: A Synergy for Unemployment Reduction in Nigeria Chinasa, Obi Emmanuel
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Unemployment or the search for paid employment in Nigeria has become endemic. This is support by theclaims that Nigerian education system is bookish and academic oriented and lacked vocational andentrepreneurial values. Hence, the need to refocus education towards programmes that will inculcateknowledge and skills that prepare citizens for employment and self-reliance, economic diversification andsustainable development. The paper examines the business education programme and theentrepreneurship Education Agenda as a Synergy for the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. The paperconcludes that unemployment in Nigeria requires a combination therapy as the synergy will bring about anew pedagogy in which students are prepared with knowledge and practical skills but more especiallycreativity, spirit of initiative, responsibility, capacity for confronting risk and the boldness to start smallscale business on graduation. This will reduce unemployment or the thinking for paid employment.
Synopsis of Religion and Child Abuse: The Nigerian Experience Okebukola, Alexander Olufemi Afolabi
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Child abuse is a common practice in Nigeria which should be minimized if not eradicated. Abuse, injustice,oppression, battery incidence and wickedness are prevalence against religious norms that teach wholeness,peace, liberty, emancipation and justice. It is against this background that the paper reviews the variouscomponents of child abuse, within this understanding, to examine the influence of religion on child abusein Nigeria. It then concludes with recommendations towards elimination of child abuse.
Cognitive Radios and their Role in Efficient Allocationof the Spectrum Thakur, Kavita; Dewangan, Nilesh Kumar
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Today’s wireless networks are characterized by fixed spectrum assignment policy. The limited availablespectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage necessitate a new communication paradigm to exploitthe existing wireless spectrum opportunistically. This new networking paradigm is referred to as DynamicSpectrum Access (DSA) and cognitive radio networks. Cognitive radio is a paradigm for wirelesscommunication in which either a network or a wireless node changes its transmission or receptionparameters to communicate efficiently avoiding interference with licensed or unlicensed users. In practice,the spectrum allocated to licensed primary users is not utilized properly. The secondary unlicensed userscan sense and utilize the unutilized spectrum.
A Novel Algorithm for Removing Impulse Noise From Highly Corrupted Image Khan, Aijaz Ur Rahman; Thakur, Kavita
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Various switching-based median filter have been proposed in the literature for restoration of extremelycorrupted images by impulsive noise (Salt and pepper noise). Progressive switching median filter (PSMF)and Boundary discriminative noise detection (BDND) median filter are some of these. It is well known thatstandard median filter(SMF) is not suitable for removing impulse noise from highly corrupted images. Thepoor efficiency of this filter is due to the fact that it is not able to discriminate the noisy pixel from noiselesspixel. The proposed method uses noise detection stage and then adaptive window shaped filtering stage forthe restoration of images contaminated by impulse noise. The performance of the proposed method isdemonstrated through computer simulation in comparison with the PSMF method and standard medianfilter.
The Roles of Forest in Environment Modification Nwafor, O.E.; Adepoju, S. O.; Jauro, A.G.; Mmadu, D.U.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

By the late 1990s the environmental problems included the greenhouse effect and global warming, thehole in the ozone layer, acid rain, and the destruction of tropical forests. But whilst the problems appear tobe largely physical (environmental), the causes and solution lie more in people’s attitude, values andexpectation. It is expected that the environment should be all things to all people (It is to be life supporting,it is to be useful, and it is to be beautiful). Unfortunately the environment cannot meet all these needs atthe same time. Cutting trees from large areas (deforestation) without adequate replanting has resulted toalmost half of the world’s tropical forest being cleared. Each year about 170,000 square kilometers of theseforests are cut and equivalent portion is degraded. Within 30-50 years there may be little of these forestsleft, many of the remaining diverse, old-growth forests are being cleared and replaced with single speciestree farms (plantations), greatly reducing wild life habitats and biodiversity. Eliminating or decimating wildspecies through destruction of habitats, commercial hunting, pest control and pollution. Each yearthousands of wild life species become extinct, mostly because of human activities. If habitat destructioncontinues at present rates, as many as 1.5 million species could disappear over the next 25 years - drasticloss of vital earth capital, polluting renewable air, and water and soil so that they are unusable. This worktherefore, x-rayed the benefits of forests to the environment, the concept of environmental sustainabilityand management of forests to enhance functional environment.
Production and Profitability of Honey in Yewa North, Nigeria Abere, S.A.; Lameed, G. A.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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The study examined the level of production, supply and marketing of honey in Yewa North LocalGovernment Area of Ogun State. Some hindrance to honey supply and marketing were also identified. Toachieve the aim of this study, fifty (50) questionnaires were distributed to five communities randomlyselected in the study area. Ten questionnaires were administered in each community to collect data frombeekeepers. The socio economic variables analysis revealed that 64% of the apiculturists were males while36% were females. Up to 62% of the apiculturists were Christians while 36% were Muslims and 2% of themwere neither Christians nor Muslims. Majority of the producers were in the range of 30-40 years. 4% of thehoney producers were singles while 96% were married. NCE holders were 30% while 10% were degreeholders. Fifty two percent of the apiculturists inherited the farmland while 9% purchased land. Top barshive were used by 84%, while 6% used langsroth and 10% used other type of hives. Traditional method ofbeekeeping was used by 14%, while 86% used modern method of beekeeping. This study shows that 20%of the apiculturists chose beekeeping as their main occupation while 80% chose apiculture as secondaryoccupation. Only the sales of honey were used for the budgetary analysis. The cost analysis shows that thecost of hive which was 44.5% constitutes a large percentage of the total cost of honey production. The fixedcost was 91.5% of the total cost while the variable cost was 8.4% of the total cost of honey production inthe study area.The profitability index was 0.6058 which implies that for every N1 sales, 60k was earnedwhile the rate of return on investment and variable cost are 153.7286 and 1921.3. The gross margin andthe net farm income are 300687.0 and 188567.4. The operating ratio is 0.0332 which means that the totalvariable cost is about 3.3% of the total revenue while the benefit cost ratio is 2.5651 which imply that therisk of running at a loss if invested in the enterprise is very minimal and the probability of making profit ishigh.
Environment and Sustainable Development in Bangladesh: A Legal Study in the Context of International Trends Mohammad, Nour
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This paper attempts to focus on environment and sustainable development in Bangladesh. The researchwill be based upon theoretical sources and empirical data. An environment is a set of natural, artificial orman-made, physical, chemical and biological elements that make the existence, transformation anddevelopment of living organisms possible The appearance of the environmental law arose from the need toconserve the environment in order to avoid its destruction and, as a result, the danger that an adequatequality of life might disappear. By conservation we understand all those measures that are necessary topreserve the environment and natural resources. In modern times human development corresponds to theconcept of sustainable development and environment. It is a transverse theme derived from jointconsideration of the issue of the environment and environmental protection, and of all that concernsproduction in the development of a country or nation. It is a noble journey to make the constitution aweapon in as much as the environment should be fit for human development so that productive activitiesmay meet present needs without compromising those of future generations. The environment is anindependent value and needs as strict protection as other commonly agreed values such as the right toproperty or the right to life and health. The principal objectives are to study:- To explain come to anunderstanding of origin and growth as to the concept of environment and sustainable development indomestic and international laws and to show the rationality of enlisting the right to the environment as abasic right in the constitution that would help to protect this value from the detrimental activities of privateentities and also states and also to show the rationality of institutional development
Deposits in Wood Micro-Structures of Some Wood Species Adeniyi, I. M; Areghan, S.E.; Alao, O.J.; Salaudeen, G. T; Falemara, B.C
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 15 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Implications of wood deposits in processing and utilization of wood species of Terminalia superba, Daniellaogea, Distemonanthus benthamianus, Afromesia elata, Mansonia altissima, Tectona grandis, Gmelinaarborea, Afzelia Africana, Pterocarpus soyauxii, Guara cedrata, Holoptelea grandis Khaya ivorensi, andGossweilerodendron bassalmiferun were investigated in this study. Wood deposits such as resins, gum,crystals, silica, tannins and oils are usually deposited in the wood microstructures (e.g, parenchyma cells)thereby making it impossible for end users to assign wood for certain uses. When in abundance thedeposits could pose a great threat during wood processing such as causing dulling effect on saws, difficultyin preservative absorption, inability to bond with other adhesives during board and laminated itemsproduction, and staining thereby reducing the aesthetic value of the wood. Some wood species not suitablefor cement-bounded were found to be blocked with some deposits such as gum deposits. However, somedeposits (tannins, resins and oils) identified in some wood species have made such woods useful in someindustries such as leather industry making them of industrial importance and are found useful whenabundantly present wood; some wood deposits also confer beauty and also protect wood against biodeterioratingagents such as termites and beetles. This study revealed the presence of such deposits andtheir implication on wood processing and utilization; photomicrographs showing their various positions inwood micro-structure are also presented.
Rethinking on Drug Abuse and Crime Relationship: An Alternative Explanation for Intellectuals Criminologists Karofi, Usman Ahmad
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3 No. 16 (2012): December 2012 - Special Issue
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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According to the literature on the drug-crime link, there is relationship between abusing drugs andinvolvement criminal activities. A growing number of literature and empirical research have documentedthat relationships exists between drug abuse and criminal offences. Through studying a selected sample ofthree hundred institutionalised drug addicts [inmates] with and without criminal history from twogovernment drug rehabilitation centres in Penang, Malaysia, findings from an empirical research affirmedthat indeed relationships exist between drug abuse and involvement in criminal offences. The result of thestudy reveals that is not in all situation abusers of drugs get involved in criminal activities, even in situationwhere they do so, abusing the drug alone is inappropriate in justifying their attitudes. In addition toabusing drugs other micro and macro factors should be put in place for proper understanding of theircriminal offences.

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