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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 1,537 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine " : 1,537 Documents clear
The Study of Location of Mandibular Foramen in Dry Adult Human Mandible Chimurkar Vilas1 , Patond Swapnil2 , Anjankar Vaibhav3 , Pande Varsha4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13192

Abstract

Human mandible is only a movable bone forms lower jaw of the skull. It articulates with the temporal boneat the synovial temporomandibular joint, Mandible consists of a horizontal horse shoe shaped body and twobroad rami projecting upward from the posterior end of body. Each ramus of mandible presents two surfaces,external and internal. The aim of the study is to identify the location of mandibular foramen in relationto the limits of mandibular ramus and to correlate the data with the other research works. In the presentstudy 200 dry adult human mandibles of unknown sex and age were collected from the Dept. of Anatomy,J.N.M.C. Sawangi (M) Wardha, DMIMS (DU) and the students of first M.B.B.S of J.N.M.C. Sawangi (M),Wardha, Maharashtra and various measurements were noted. According to the results of the study, it isconcluded that there is variability of the mandibular foramen of the two mandibular rami in the same person.There is variable difference between the locations of mandibular foramen in the dry human mandibles ofthe same zone. It may be due to differences in the age, sex and development in population. This study ismainly concentrated on finding the location of mandibular foramen by measuring its distance from variouslandmarks on mandibular ramus.
A Study of Rhodamine-6G Stain Expression for Detection and Association of Copper Content in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Himanshu Singh1 , Sushruth Nayak2 , Prachi Nayak3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13193

Abstract

Aim and Objective: To assess the expression of Rhodamine-6G stain in potentially malignant disorders andSCC and to determine association of copper in potentially malignant disorders and OSCC.Materials and Method: Sections from ten tissue blocks of each normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia,oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSMF), well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC) and moderatelydifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma (MDSCC) was taken and stained with Rhodamine-6g stain. Afteradequate staining, all the samples were assessed using Fluorescence microscope for the color intensity anddepth of penetration of copper and compared.Results: It showed significant Pearson chi square values of 0.157 for color intensity of copper and 0.019for depth of penetration of copper. Pearson correlation was calculated which showed significant value forleukoplakia (0.055)* in comparison to OSMF (0.429), WDSCC (-.395) and MDSCC (0.372).Conclusions: Increase levels of copper in leukoplakia would be because of the fact that copper helpsin activating many angiogenic factors which further helps in tumor progression from premalignant tomalignancy.
Effectiveness of Deep Brain Stimulation in Iraqi Patients with Parkinson Disease Bassam Mahmood Flamerz Arkawazi1 , Anwer Noori Hafdh2 , Zaki Noah Hasan3 , Awfa Aktham Abdullateef4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13194

Abstract

Background: Surgical treatment for advanced Parkinson disease (PD) is considered when medical therapyfails to control the symptoms.Objective: Assessment of effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in controlling motor manifestationsof advanced PD.Patients and Method: Twenty patients (14 male and 6 female) whom fulfill the requirements for DBSsurgery, were included in this study. All patients were on Levodopa (L-dopa), procyclidine, pramipexol, andamantadine medications. The study conducted between March 2017 and March 2018 in the neurosurgicalteaching hospital and neuroscience hospitalin Baghdad/Iraq. Unified Parkinson’s Disease RatingScale(UPDRS) was used before and after surgery.Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia.Conclusion: Most disabling axial symptoms of gait and postural instability, that failed to respond to medicaltherapy, will show effective response to the bilateral STN stimulation in advanced PD cases.
Study of Some Immunological Parameters with Level of Iron in Women Infected with Trichomonas Vaginalis Lima Tariq Youash Lazar1 , Kasim Sakran Abass2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13195

Abstract

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite that causes a disease called trichomoniasis inhumans. It affects the urogenital tract and is one of the most important causes of non-viral genitourinarysexually transmitted infection (STI). The host’s immune response plays a very important role in the onsetof pathological symptoms and their differences between infected people. During the period from July toDecember 2019, 30 samples were collected, 20 of infected women with T. vaginalis and 10 samples as acontrol group from reviews of external women’s clinics in Kirkuk city, whose ages ranged between 18-56 yearsso this study was designed to know the effect of infection with T. vaginalis parasite on some immunologicalparameters such as the role of humoral immune response based on the production of immunoglobulins IgM,IgG, IgA against the parasite and there estimation in serum by using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) technique as well as estimating the C-Reactive protein concentration as an indication of systemicinflammation and of serum iron level . The results of the current study showed a “significant” increase inthe level of immunoglobulins IgM, IgG in serum of women infected with T. vaginalis compared to thecontrol group, as the level of IgM (8. 2 ± 2.9 ng/dl), (6.3 ± 0.5 ng/dl) Consequently, at the level (p <0.05),the level of IgG was (8.16 ± 2.20 ng/dl), (6.53 ± 1.69 ng/dl) for the infected women and the control group,respectively. As for the level of IgA, the results showed non-significant increase in the affected womencompared with control group (8.22 ± 3.1 ng/dl), (7.82 ± 2.8 ng/dl), respectively. The results of estimatingthe CRP concentration showed a significant increase in the infected women compared to the control group(5.76± 1.56 mg/dl), (4.61± 0.66 mg/dl), respectively. While the results of measuring the level of iron showeda significant decrease among infected women and the control group (38.79 ±8.23 mg/dl), (93.83± 34.76 mg/dl), respectively. We conclude from the above that infection with T.vaginals stimulates the humoral immuneresponse and affects on immunoglobulins levels, CRP concentration and Iron serum level.
Heuristic “Bottom-up”: COVID-19 Taranjeet Duggal1 , Ayush Sundriyal2, Abhishek Kakkar2 , Neeti Mittal2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13196

Abstract

Background: COVID 19, a global pandemic has led to the disruption all over the world. Not only theCOVID outbreak but the measures taken to straighten the curve led to the psychological distress amongstpeople. The disruption in daily routine which changed People’s lifestyle, the changed business workingenvironment while COVID and post COVID. The concept to adapt to the new normal still seems abrupt.Method: This present study was done amongst Indian youth and working professionals (age 18-28) inorder to understand their psychological well-being in these COVID times. With collection of data throughan online questionnaire more than 350 people participated. The instrument used was DASS-21 and a selfconceptualized VIRUS scale. All statistical analysis was computed through SPSS 21.Conclusion: This paper aims to contribute through exploration into the stressors and how the COVID situationhas brought about vexation, immediate concern, routine disruption and uncertainty about future. Throughthese four factors we obtain results that elaborates on what will affect their life’s the most, highlighting theneed for post-COVID interventional strategies in business environments and in one’s lifestyle.
Effect of Vestibular Stimulation on Postural Stability and Mobility in Elderly Jain Ankit1 , Sarkar Aparna2 , Gupta Meena3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13197

Abstract

The Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS)is proven to be a promising tool to improve vestibular functioning.Decline in vestibular functioning in the elderly results in decreased capacity to identify weak signal whichmay lead to postural instability. Postural sway is produced when GVS is given over mastoid process. Inthis study our aim is to determine whether GVS can be utilized to maximize the effect of balance trainingprogramme among elderly individuals. Ambulatory community dwelling elderly (N=150, age 65.67±3.4yrs) were randomly assigned to a control group (Group A, n=50, age 65.54±3.4 yrs), Placebo group (GroupB, n=50, age 65.5±3.3 yrs) and an experimental group (Group C, n=50, age 65.98±3.5 yrs). Group A wasnot given any intervention while group B was given placebo stimulation along with balance training andgroup C was given noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation along with balance training program. Pre, mid andpost data were recorded for overall stability index (OSI) (Biodex Balance Master) and Timed up and gotest(TUG) and analyzed. Compared to control group there was a significant improvement in overall stabilityand mobility in placebo and experimental groups. Significant difference was observed in improvement inexperimental group compared with placebo group for both,OSI and TUG. Early improvement in stabilityand mobility was also observed in experimental group but similar results were not obtained in control andplacebo groups. The outcome of this study suggests that GVS can be utilized therapeutically to optimize theefficacy of balance training clinically.
Factors Affecting Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprain in Athletes Pooja Sharma1 , Shaurya Dayal2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13198

Abstract

Background: Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common sports injuries that an athlete may endureduring their career. If not treated correctly, it often leads to recurrent twisting of the ankle joint, causingdisruption of the ligaments in the ankle joint. Various anthropometric factors such as height, weight, BMI, aswell as previous ankle sprain history are assessed as potential predictors of recurrent lateral ankle sprain. Thepotential factors are correlated with the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure- Sports Sub Scale to assess theircontribution to a recurrent lateral ankle sprain in athletes. The FAAM Sport subscale is used to determinethe functioning of the ankle joint, as recorded by the subjects themselves.Methodology: The questionnaire is sent to the candidates who fall under the inclusion criteria, and they areasked to fill the questionnaire. The participants were between the age of 18-30 years. Both male, as well asfemale athletes were included in the study. Each athlete must have played at least 3 competitive sports in thelast 1 year, and they must have a history of at least 1 lateral ankle sprain. The collected data is then compiledand analyzed.Result: After the analysis of the data, previous ankle sprain history depicted maximum correlation withthe FAAM- Sport Subscale, as well as an inverse relationship, with a reading of -2.89, and significance of0.27. Height depicted an inverse relationship as well, with -.119 when compared to FAAM Sport Sub-scale.Weight also shows an inverse relationship (-0.053) when correlated with the FAAM Sport sub-scale. BMIdoes not show any correlation with the FAAM Sport Subscale (+0.002).Conclusion: Previous ankle sprain history, height and weight depict an inverse relationship with the FAAMSport Subscale, indicating that, as their score increases, the functioning of the ankle joint decreases, andhence becoming a potential factor for recurrent ankle sprains. BMI however, does not depict any correlationwith the FAAM sport sub-scale.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Balance among Health Care Workers Savita Pohekar1 , Ranjana Sharma1 , RuchiraAnkar1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13199

Abstract

The current outbreak of the latest coronavirus [COVID-19] has created a global crisis of unparalleleddimensions. As massive pandemics are significant community mental health threats.Services of healthdemand is increasing drastically. The pandemic has emotionally affected physicians, and the vast majorityreport they have one or more of the following effects: fear of illness, anxiety, tiredness, trouble sleeping,loneliness, depression, confusion, or irritability. Those in the front line are particularly affected by fearof family and personal infection, work-related pressure, and fatigue. Always, when contacting COVID-19persons, they have been quarantined frequently. Greater workloads, loneliness and prejudice contribute tophysical exhaustion, anxiety, emotional distress and sleep disturbance. In addition to the strategies used toprevent the spread of the virus, innovative strategies are required for health practitioners to tackle associatedmental health concerns. In light of almost all of these issues must be taken even more seriously by therespective governments and stakeholders of persons affected by any psychological disturbance. This reviewsummarizes the present health care professional’s psychological disturbances and the strategies to improvetheir mental health.
L-ascorbic Acid Supplementation Ameliorates Sodium Fluoride Induced Oxidative and Nitrosative Hepatic Damage in Hypoxic Rats Jaya Simha Reddy1 , R. Chandramouli Reddy2 , Raju H. Taklikar3 , Kusal K. Das2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13200

Abstract

Introduction: Fluoride toxicity causes irreversible damage to soft tissues like brain, liver, heart and lung.Fluoridetoxicity and hypoxiaexposure might alterhepatic oxygen sensing cell signaling mechanisms and asupplementation of antioxidant like l-ascorbic acid might have protective role.Aim: To investigate the exposure of sodium fluoride or hypoxia alone or in combination with or withoutadministration of L- ascorbic acid on biochemical and transcriptional pathways in hepato toxicity .Materials and Method: Male albino rats were divided into 8 groups (n= 6/group), group I(control), groupII (l-ascorbic acid, 50 mg/100g. b.wt), group III (hypoxia, 10% O2), group IV (NaF;20 mg/kg b.wt/day; ip),group V (NaF + hypoxia, 10% O2), group VI (l–ascorbic acid + hypoxia, 10% O2), group VII (l-ascorbicacid + NaF) and group VIII (l-ascorbic acid + NaF + hypoxia, 10% O2). The treatments were carried for 21days. Gravimetry, serumoxidant and antioxidant status were assessed by using spectrophotometer, serumlevels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF ) and nitric oxide synthase 3(NOS3) was done by ELISAtechnique. Histopathological evaluations of hepatic tissue were done. ANOVA followed by “Tukey” testwere done for analysis of data in between the groups.Results: Gravimetry and biochemical evaluation showed significant decrease in body weight hepatosomaticindex, altered serum SOD, MDA, vitamin C, vitamin E, nitric oxide and hepatic vitamin Cin rats treatedwith hypoxia (group III), NaF (group IV) and NaF with hypoxia (group V). In case of l-ascorbic acidsupplementation in group VI, VII and VIII showed remarkable improvement. Alteration in serum VEGF,NOS3 andhistopathology of liver in rats treated with hypoxia, NaFand hypoxia with NaFindicate hepaticdysfunction by oxidative and nitrosative stress, whereas l-ascorbic acid supplementation were found to bebeneficial against fluoride and hypoxia induced alteration of hepatic function. Conclusion: Supplementation of L-ascorbicacid is salubrious to combat both sodiumfluoride and hypoxia induced oxidative &Nitrosative stress.
To Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on the Use of Automated External Defibrillation (AED) by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Providers in Pune, India Parag Rishipathak1 , Shrimathy Vijayaraghavan2 , Anand Hinduja3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.13201

Abstract

Introduction: An Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is defined as the loss of cardiac mechanicalfunction that occurs outside of the hospital setting and confirmed by the absence of signs of systemiccirculation. OHCA has a very low survival rate. Timely provision CPR and Rapid Defibrillation duringCardiac Arrest requires adequately trained and qualified personnel. It is therefore important to understandthe current level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) with regards to AED amongst EMS responders.Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on the Use of Automated External Defibrillation(AED) by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Providers.Methodology: The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) study was conducted amongst 120 EmergencyMedical Services Providers at SCHS, Pune, India. A previously tested and validated KAP questionnaire byMarcus EH Ong et.al9 was utilized for the study. The final questionnaire consisted of 15 items spanning 3parameters -5 items testing Knowledge, 8 items measuring Attitude and 2 items measuring Practice relatedto use of AED.Discussion: The study was aimed at assessing the current knowledge, attitude and practices with regards toAED amongst EMS respondents. Most respondents reflected positive attitude towards utilizing AED in outof Hospital Cardiac Arrest patients.Conclusion: The study reemphasizes the need for formal training on AED usage. Although the study islimited by its sample size, it provides broad perspective on the subject

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