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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ecosolum
Published by Universitas Hasanuddin
ISSN : 22527923     EISSN : 2654430X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science
Jurnal Ecosolum (JES) adalah jurnal berkalah ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Ilmu Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Hasanuddin. Jurnal ini berisi hasil-hasil penghiliran penelitian pada bidang ilmu pertanian, kehutanan, geologi, geografi, hidrologi, dan penginderaan jauh. Jurnal ini diterbitkan dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 117 Documents
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Efektivitas Rhizobium sp, Mikoriza dan Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai di Tanah Masam: The Effectiveness of Rhizobium sp Inoculation, Mycorrhiza, and Manure Fertilizer Dosage on the Growth of Soybean Plants (Glecine max (L.) Meril) in Acidic Soil Muh. Arfandy Wiranata; Muh Jayadi
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.45384

Abstract

Indonesia has extensive marginal land resources, one of which is acidic dry land covering approximately ±102.8 million hectares. This land type poses a major constraint to soybean development due to low nutrient availability and high aluminum saturation. One approach to overcoming the limitations of acidic soils is the use of biofertilizers such as Rhizobium sp. and mycorrhizae to enhance phosphorus availability, combined with the application of organic amendments in the form of chicken manure, which is rich in potassium and phosphorus. This study aimed to determine the optimal combination of chicken manure dosage and inoculation of Rhizobium sp. and mycorrhizae for improving soybean growth on acidic soils. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications, resulting in 36 treatment combinations. The first factor was the dosage of chicken manure: A0 (without chicken manure), A1 (1 ton ha⁻¹), and A2 (2 tons ha⁻¹). The second factor was microbial inoculation, consisting of R0M0 (without inoculation), R1 (Rhizobium sp.), M1 (mycorrhizae), and R1M1 (combined Rhizobium sp. and mycorrhizae). Observed parameters included soil chemical properties and soybean growth components. The results showed that the A2R1M1 treatment (2 tons ha⁻¹ chicken manure + Rhizobium sp. + mycorrhizae) produced the best outcomes in soil chemical properties, as indicated by increased cation exchange capacity (17.97 cmol kg⁻¹), available phosphorus (9.02 ppm), and total nitrogen (0.23%), along with reduced exchangeable aluminum (0.32). This treatment also resulted in superior plant growth, reflected by increased plant height (91.0 cm), number of leaves (41.3 leaves), fresh weight (13.05 g), dry weight (4.14 g), and number of pods (8.7 pods). The combination of chicken manure, Rhizobium sp., and mycorrhizae was proven effective in improving acidic soil chemical properties and enhancing soybean growth.  
Identifikasi Karakteristik Sifat Fisik dan Ciri Morfologi Tanah Gambut pada Penggunaan Lahan Hutan dan Perkebunan di Kecamatan Petasia Timur, Kabupaten Morowali Utara: Identification of Physical and Morphological Characteristics of Peat Soil in Forest and Plantation Land Use in Petasia Timur District, North Morowali Regency Dea Aurelia Pantilen; Muh. Nathan
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.43386

Abstract

Forest conversion into plantations drastically alters the physical properties of peat soil. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify and compare the morphological characteristics and physical properties of peat soil under forest and plantation land use in Petasia Timur District, North Morowali Regency. Observation sites were selected using purposive sampling, where T1 and T2 were located in plantation areas, while T3 was situated in a forest area. A comparative analytical method was employed to examine the physical soil properties between peat oil palm plantations and peat forests. The observed parameters included decomposition degree, soil color, bulk density, porosity, and permeability. The deepest peat thickness was found at T2 (550 cm), while the shallowest was at T3 (180 cm). T3 (forest) exhibited a less decomposed or fibric-dominated state with fiber contents of 6.0–8.0 mm, whereas T2 was more decomposed, showing sapric dominance in the first and second layers with fiber contents of 1.0–8.0 mm. The highest permeability was observed in T3 (range 13.4–15.3), and the lowest was in T2 (range 6.7–7.3). The highest bulk density values were recorded at T2 (0.18–0.23 g/cm³), while the lowest were at T3 (0.10–0.15 g/cm³). The highest porosity was found in T3 (86%–89%), and the lowest in T2 (76%–79%). Forest conversion to plantations significantly affects physical soil properties, where permeability and porosity tend to be higher in peat forests compared to oil palm plantations, whereas bulk density shows the opposite trend. Furthermore, forest conversion on peatland also influences morphological characteristics such as soil color, degree of decomposition, and water table levels.
Analisis Kualitas Tanah Sawah Pada Pergiliran Tanaman Padi dan Kacang Tanah Di Desa Sambueja Kecamatan Simbang Kabupaten Maros: Analysis of Rice Soil Quality On The Rotation Of Rice And Peanut Crops In Sambueja Village, Simbang District, Maros Regency Aulia Luhtfyah Asbar; Asmita Ahmad
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.47179

Abstract

Background. Soil quality refers to the soil’s capacity to sustain the growth and productivity of plants and animals while maintaining environmental functions. Therefore, soil management strategies must be adapted to site-specific conditions to minimize degradation. Aim. This study aimed to assess soil quality in land managed under a rice–peanut crop rotation system in Sambueja Village, Maros Regency. Method. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, involving the collection of secondary data, site verification, and field surveys. Primary data were obtained through soil sampling and laboratory analyses of minimum data set parameters, including pH, total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), organic carbon (C), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and soil macrofauna diversity. Macrofauna diversity was evaluated using the Shannon–Wiener index, and the Soil Quality Index (SQI) was determined through principal component analysis (PCA). Results. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship (p < 0.01) between soil pH and phosphorus content, as well as between clay content and macrofauna diversity. Conversely, macrofauna diversity and nitrogen content were negatively correlated at the 5% significance level. The scree plot indicated the eigenvalues for PCA1–PCA4, with SQI-PC1 (0.35) categorized as moderate, SQI-PC2 and SQI-PC3 as low, and SQI-PC4 as very low. The overall Comprehensive Soil Quality Index value (0.16) was classified as very low. Conclusion. Practices such as transporting and burning crop residues decrease the soil quality index by reducing soil organic matter, whereas incorporating crop residues into the soil during tillage helps maintain soil quality.
Kombinasi Dosis Pupuk Urea dan POC terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Padi Skala Rumah Kaca: Combination of Urea Fertilizer Doses and Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Vegetative Growth of Rice in Greenhouse Scale Muhammad Nasrul; Nur Isra; Dwi Wahyuni Haswin; Ilham; Muhammad Isbahuddin; Hikmawati; Nilu Langsari
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.50715

Abstract

Dryland areas in Indonesia offer substantial potential for increasing rice production; however, their productivity is often limited by low soil organic matter caused by the continuous use of chemical fertilizers. One possible approach to address this issue is the application of liquid organic fertilizers derived from plant residues, such as gamal (Gliricidia sepium) and lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaves, which are expected to improve soil properties and support plant growth. This study aimed to examine the vegetative response of Mikongga rice to different application rates of liquid organic fertilizers, applied either alone or in combination with urea, under dryland conditions. Experiment was conducted from September to November 2025 in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi, using a factorial randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations and threee replications. Observed variables included plant height, number of tillers, and selected soil properties such as pH, moisture content, and temperature. The results revealed that the application of liquid organic fertilizers, either individually or combined with urea, did not significantly affect plant height or tiller number during the observation period of 28 to 49 days after planting. In addition, no significant changes were observed in soil characteristics. These findings indicate that the applied fertilizer rates were insufficient to enhance plant growth or improve soil conditions, suggesting the need for further studies with higher dosages or alternative application methods.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Tanaman Kehutanan Dan Pertanian (Agroforestri) Terhadap Laju Infiltrasi Di Sub-DAS Mandar: The Effect of a Combination Of Forestry And Agricultural Crops (Agroforestry) on Infiltration Rate In The Mandar Sub-Watershed Rosmaeni Rosmaeni rosmaeni; Nurmaranti Alim Nurmaranti Alim; Tri Utami Ramadhani Tri Utami Ramadhani
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.50786

Abstract

Changes in forest land use trigger watershed hydrological degradation in the form of increased surface runoff. This study examines the effect of agroforestry vegetation combinations on infiltration rates in the Mandar Sub-watershed on three types of cover: Falcataria moluccana + Coffea sp, Gmelina arborea + Coffea sp., and Gmelina arborea + Gliricidia sepium. Infiltration rates were measured in-situ using a double ring infiltrometer at 10-minute intervals and modeled using the Horton equation. Soil physical characteristics (bulk density, particle density, porosity, permeability, organic matter, and texture) were analyzed by taking intact soil samples. The analysis results showed that the average infiltration rate of the Falcataria moluccana + Coffea sp. combination reached 14,65 cm/hour (fast category), surpassing Gmelina arborea + Coffea sp. (11,71 cm/hour) and Gmelina arborea + Gliricidia sepium (11.69 cm/hour) which were categorized as rather fast. Soil physical properties significantly influence infiltration capacity, with Pearson correlation analysis showing a strong positive linear relationship between permeability (r = 0,979), porosity (r = 0,972), and sand content (r = 0,659).
Penilaian Erosi Tanah dan Sedimen pada Ekosistem Rawa Pegunungan menggunakan Model InVEST-SDR (Studi Kasus DAS Cidanau): Soil Erosion and Sediment Assessment at Mountainous Swamp Ecosystem using InVEST-SDR Model (Case Study Cidanau Watershed) Sri Malahayati Yusuf; Tri Handayani; Gilang Munggaran; Kartika Triasary; Bagus Budiprakoso
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i1.51498

Abstract

The Cidanau watershed is a unique hydrological region in Indonesia, distinguished by its mountainous swamp ecosystem. As a vital source of raw water for the surrounding communities, maintaining ecological sustainability is essential. This study aimed to evaluate soil erosion and sedimentation in the Cidanau watershed, focusing on the existing conditions and activity of forest and land rehabilitation. The rehabilitation program consists of vegetative and mechanical methods of soil and water conservation. The analysis was conducted using the InVEST-SDR model, integrated with a geographic information system, incorporating data on rainfall, soil characteristics, topography, land use, and conservation practices. Soil samples were collected using a stratified method from nine land units. The land use map for 2022 was improved using high-resolution imagery data and drone mapping. The results indicate that implementing vegetative and mechanical methods of soil and water conservation can decrease soil erosion and sedimentation. In detail, the area classified under very low erosion increased by 41%, while the areas with low, medium, high, and very high erosion decreased by 14.3, 24.6, 42.7, and 42.5%, respectively, compared to the existing scenario. Additionally, sediment levels declined, with the area under very low sedimentation increasing by 31.5% compared to the existing levels. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of soil and water conservation techniques effectively enhances watershed health and supports the long-term sustainability of water resources.
Emisi Karbon Dioksida Tanah di Bawah Penggunaan Lahan Hutan dan Pertanian di Daerah Aliran Sungai Tanralili: Soil Carbon Dioxide Emissions under Forest and Agricultural Land Uses in the Tanralili Watershed Marselianti; Rismaneswati; Hazairin Zubair
Jurnal Ecosolum Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): DESEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/ecosolum.v15i2.50920

Abstract

The conversion of forests into agricultural land has the potential to increase soil CO₂ emissions due to changes in soil properties, microbial activity, and land management practices. This study aimed to analyze CO₂ emissions under different land uses in the Tanralili Watershed and their relationship with microbial respiration activity and environmental factors. Soil CO₂ emissions were measured using the chamber method across eight land-use types during three observation periods. Heterotrophic respiration was analyzed through soil incubation, while the relationships between CO₂ emissions and soil temperature, soil moisture, air temperature, and air humidity were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that the highest CO₂ emissions were found in intensive agricultural land, namely PJ1 at 28.92 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and PH at 25.01 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, while the lowest emissions were found in the mixed garden (PK) at 16.15 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, and forest land (HP, HS, and HPK) ranged from 9.94–12.2 ton ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. The emission pattern followed the plant growth stages, with high emissions during the vegetative stage after fertilization, decreasing during the generative stage, and increasing again during the maturation stage. Heterotrophic respiration showed a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth, in line with the decline in soil organic carbon content. CO₂ emissions were positively correlated with soil temperature and air temperature and negatively correlated with air humidity, whereas soil moisture showed no significant relationship with CO₂ emissions. The results indicate that land management, microbial activity, and environmental conditions play important roles in controlling soil CO₂ emissions. Land management should therefore be directed toward low-emission agricultural practices through efficient fertilizer use, increasing soil organic matter, and implementing agroforestry systems to reduce carbon emissions and enhance carbon sequestration.

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